从视觉认知规律论艺术创作基础——以素人艺术为例

素人艺术标榜抛弃传统绘画技巧,脱离美术规范的约束,靠纯真的心灵及视觉就能创作出达到艺术本真的作品。这种观点看似新潮,实则与18世纪的约翰·拉斯金所提“纯真之眼”谬论同根同源。“纯真心灵”“纯真视觉”只是虚幻的愿景,人人都是艺术家的观念更是陷入了认识误区。美术创作始终依循视觉认知规律,执笔熟视,意在笔先,方能下笔如有神助,是被古今中外认同的艺术创作规律。美术基本功的实质是艺术化的视觉认知基础,在此基础上与绘画技巧相结合,最终达到心手合一的境界。传统艺术基本功及技巧,不仅包含大众所认为的素描、色彩构成等方面,更重要的是艺术视觉认知方面的训练。尽管对传统艺术技巧的忽视由来已久,至今仍是世界性的艺术难题。但我们依然要明白,如果完全脱离绘画技巧的扎实训练,同时又不具备高于常人的艺术化视觉认知的基础,那必然会使美术脱离绘画性与艺术性而沦为手迹。结合历史看绘画形式的创新,源于不同的创作目的,文化环境作为艺术创作观念的土壤,始终引导艺术创作的方向。因而以创作目的为主要依据去看待绘画形式的发展演变,才能得出准确合理的结论。图式与规范是人们理解外部环境的理性工具,绝不是创造力的桎梏。

Study on the Current Situation of the Public Dance Course Teaching in General Colleges and Universities

In the public art education, the public dance course plays an important influence, and has become an important way of the aesthetic education in general colleges and universities. However, the public dance course teaching in China＇ s colleges and universities is a necessary way for ensuring the effective implementation of the public dance course teaching, because there are certain unsound teaching problems in the public dance course teaching in China＇ s colleges and universities currently. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out deep research and practice for the public dance education in China＇ s colleges and universities, and this plays an important role in promoting the development of general colleges and universities＇ quality education for students, advancing the further development of the current genera/colleges and universities＇ public dance education, and enriching the existing public art education theories. There are many problems such as unclear teaching goals in the existing public art course teaching model, non-systematic and non-scientific teaching contents, simple teaching forms, and simple teaching methods in the general colleges and universities, so it is urgent to explore new teaching models. The purpose of this paper is to build a three-dimensional public dance teaching network from both forms and contents. Public dance course is a selective course, which is established for training the high-quality personnel demanded by the modernized construction of socialism, and plays an irreplaceable role in improving the aesthetic quality, cultivating the innovative spirit and practice ability, and shaping a healthy personality. On this basis, the current situation of the public dance teaching in general colleges and universities is investigated by taking the public dance teaching in Guangxi Normal University as an example and using the methods such as document literature, questionnaire survey, and interview, and the specific situation of the dance teaching in general colleges and universities is analyzed, and also corresponding strategies and suggestions are proposed.

剪纸传承新范式——以台湾剪纸合作社为例

文章对台湾剪纸艺术家吴耿祯带领的剪纸合作社的社团活动过程进行了较详细且完整的描述,并分析了剪纸合作社在强化素人艺术、在地文化、人的建设三方面观念基础上所收获的较成功的剪纸传承经验,并对比了时下常见的课堂教学剪纸传承法,得出的结论是遵循艺术内在规律的剪纸传承新范式对于剪纸活态传承的方法建设具有启发价值。