单元习作须重视单元整体的策应

单元习作常常被作为单列的学习任务存在,成为单元的"孤本",与统编小学语文教材习作教学体系的单元整体性和序列进阶性不符,习作教学"单干"已不合时宜。单元习作要真正脱单,需要整体策应,从起点入手,瞄准策应靶心;寻找彼此关联,独具策应匠心;抓住语文要素,读写结合,紧扣策应核心;最终拿稳重心,完成习作创编。

AN ALGORITHM OF DISTANCE CALCULATION BETWEEN A BOUNDING SPHERE AND A BOUNDING CSG PRIMITIVE

A simple method for calculating distance between a solid sphere and a constructive solid geometry (CSG) so lid primitive (including block, cone, cylinder, sphere, wedge and torus) is derived to support the collision detection algorithm. By decomposing the whole space into relative positions and geometric features of the sphere and the primitive considered, closed form distance formula are got. These calculations are very useful in the real time collision detection in which primitives are used as bounding volumes of complex objects.

Studies on Endogenous Hormones and Nutritional Physiology Related to the Premature Senescence of Super-hybrid Rice Liangyoupeijiu and Its Parents at Late Growth Stage

The amount of root bleeding sap, contents of chlorophyl , nutrients and hormones in flag leaves of a super-hybrid rice cultivar Liangyoupeijiu （LYPJ） and its parents 9311 and Pei’ai 64S after heading were measured in this study. The re-sults revealed that compared with 9311, the chlorophyl content of LYPJ reduced more quickly after heading, and then kept at a lower level, which was an obvious characteristic of premature senescence. The other physiological indices of LYPJ af-ter heading except abscisic acid （ABA） content in leaf and root also maintained at a lower level than 9311, while al the physiological indices of the sterile line Pei＇ai 64S were lower than LYPJ. So it was speculated that the early-aging characteristic of LYPJ may be inherited from Pei’ai 64S. Al the leaf and root early-aging traits reduced for LYPJ and its parent lines after heading, their leaf and root aged grad-ual y, which indicated that the above-ground （leaf） and under-ground （root） parts cor-related to each other closely, but there was not absolute correlations between them judged from the data.

China's Industrial Upgrade and Human Capital Improvement

Based on statistics, this paper reviews China＇s economic growth and industrial upgrade since the reform and opening up in 1978 and estimates the contribution of industrial restructuring to economic growth. With the years of schooling as the proxy variable of human capital, this paper describes changes in China＇s labor competence during the industrial restructuring process. Then, this paper estimates China＇s future human capital demand and shortage based on economic and demographic forecast. Lastly, this paper proposes recommendations for improving human capital in China with skills development and education.

Retrieving reuse component based on semantic

According to the current research status of component retrieval, the component description model based on facet classification is improved by adding semantic features. Furthermore, the component retrieval process model is put forward by combining the domain ontology with the relative concept match algorithm. A detailed illustration of a component reasoning engine and a component classification engine is given and the component classification algorithm is provided by using the Naive Bayes algorithm based on domain ontology. The experimental results show that the recall ratio and the precision ratio are obviously improved by using the method based on semantics, and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Identification and characterization of a novel isoform of hepatopoietin

AIM: To isolate a novel isoform of human HPO (HPO-205) from human fetal liver Marathon-ready cDNA and characterize its primary biological function. METHODS: 5'-RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA 5' ends) was used to isolate a novel isoform of hHPO in this paper. The constructed pcDNA(HPO-205), pcDNA(HPO) and pcDNA eukaryotic expression vectors were respectively transfected by lipofectamine method and the stimulation of DNA synthesis was observed by (3)H-TdR incorporation assay. Proteins extracted from different cells were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: A novel isoform of hHPO (HPO-205) encoding a 205 amino acid ORF corresponding to a translated production of 23 kDa was isolated and distinguished from the previous HPO that lacked the N-terminal 80 amino acids. The dose-dependent stimulation of DNA synthesis of HepG2 hepatoma cells by HPO-205 demonstrated its similar biological activity with HPO in vitro. The level of MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) phosphorylation by Western blot analysis revealed that HPO-205 might have the stronger activity of stimulating hepatic cell proliferation than that of HPO. CONCLUSION: A novel isoform of hHPO (HPO-205) was isolated from hepatic-derived cells. The comparison of HPO-205 and HPO will lead to a new insight into the structure and function of hHPO, and provide the new way of thinking to deeply elucidate the biological roles of HPO/ALR.

Haplotype of prostaglandin synthase 2/cyclooxygenase 2 is involved in the susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease

AIM： Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 （PTGS2 or COX2） is one of the key factors in the cellular response to inflammation. PTGS2 is expressed in the affected intestinal segments of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases （IBD）. In IBD patients, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which have been shown to reduce both the production and activity of PTGS2, may activate IBD and aggravate the symptoms. We aimed at examining genetic variants of PTGS2 that may be risk factors for IBD. METHODS： We genotyped 291 individuals diagnosed with IBD and 367 controls from the Dutch population for the five most frequent polymorphisms of the PTG52 gene. Clinical data were collected on all patients. DNA was extracted via normal laboratory methods. Genotyping was carried out using multiplex PCR followed by the Invader Assay and the 5＇ exonuclease assay （TaqMan）. New polymorphism screening was performed by pre-screening with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography, followed by fluorescent sequencing. RESULTS： Allele 5209G was weakly associated with Crohn＇s disease （odds ratio [OR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-2.57）, and allele 8473T with ulcerativecolitis （OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.00-2.27）. The haplotype including both alleles showed a strong association with IBD （OR 13.15, 95%CI 3.17-116.15）. This haplotype, while rare （-0.3%） in the general population, is found more frequently in patients （3.5%）. CONCLUSION： Our data suggest that this haplotype of PTGS2 contributes to the susceptibility of IBD.

Parallel naive Bayes algorithm for large-scale Chinese text classification based on spark

The sharp increase of the amount of Internet Chinese text data has significantly prolonged the processing time of classification on these data.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposes and implements a parallel naive Bayes algorithm(PNBA)for Chinese text classification based on Spark,a parallel memory computing platform for big data.This algorithm has implemented parallel operation throughout the entire training and prediction process of naive Bayes classifier mainly by adopting the programming model of resilient distributed datasets(RDD).For comparison,a PNBA based on Hadoop is also implemented.The test results show that in the same computing environment and for the same text sets,the Spark PNBA is obviously superior to the Hadoop PNBA in terms of key indicators such as speedup ratio and scalability.Therefore,Spark-based parallel algorithms can better meet the requirement of large-scale Chinese text data mining.

Growth and antioxidant status of oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense fed with diets containing vitamin E

A feeding trial was carried out to investigate the dietary vitamin E requirement of the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense(weight of 0.3–0.4 g) and its effect role on antioxidant activity.Prawns were fed with seven levels of vitamin E(0,25,50,75,100,200,and 400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days.The results show that dietary vitamin E supplementation could significantly increased the prawn weight( P <0.05).The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the hepatopancreas was significantly higher in prawns fed with diets supplemented with ≤75 mg/kg vitamin E than in those fed with diets supplemented with 100–400 mg/kg vitamin E( P <0.05).The activity of catalase(CAT) in the hepatopancreas decreased significantly as dietary vitamin E supplementation increased( P <0.05),and no significant difference was detected in glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity between different dietary groups( P >0.05).The contents of vitamin E in the hepatopancreas and in the muscle increased with increasing dietary vitamin E.There was a linear correlation between the vitamin E level in diet and that in muscle,and between the vitamin E level in diet and that in the hepatopancreas.All the above results indicated that dietary vitamin E can be stored in the hepatopancreas and muscle and lower both the activities of SOD and CAT in the hepatopancreas,suggesting that it is a potential antioxidant in M.nipponense.Broken line analysis conducted on the weight gains of prawns in each diet group showed that the dietary vitamin E requirement for maximum growth is 94.10 mg/kg.

Purification and characterization of vitellin in mature ovary of marine crab Charybdis japonica

Vitellin of mature female marine crab Charybdis japonica was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, DEAE-cellulose-16 anion exchange column). The apparent molecular mass of the vitellin is 546 ku based on the data of native-PAGE. Under denatured condition (SDS-PAGE), it was found that vitellin was composed of four polypeptides each at 120, 100, 65, and 55 ku. One disulfide bond was detected in the binding of polypeptide subunits. The purified vitellin, contained 4.47% phosphor and 10.6% polysaccharides, and was identified as glyco-lipo-carotenoprotein, according to the PAGE staining data. The purified vitellin can be used as antigen to raise polyclonal antisera in further application.

Status-Aware Resource Adaptation in Information-Centric and Software-Defined Network

In recent years, realising a ＂clean- state＂ design for the future Internet has become an important research focus. An architecture com- bining an Information-Centric Network （ICN） and Sottware-Defmed Network （SDN） （IC-SDN） has gradually attracted more attention. How- ever, the existing studies regarding IC-SDN still lack support in terms of the ＂network status awareness＂ function, resulting in unreasonable resource allocation. In this paper, we propose a new status-aware resource adaptation sche- me, i.e. a status-aware module is embedded into basic elements （Forwarding Node （FN） and Resource adaption Manager （RM））. The FNs collect the network status dynamically for the controller to reallocate network resources accor- ding to the fluctuations in environmental con- ditions. Simulation results show that, compared with the existing IC-SDN mechanism, the pro- posed scheme reduced the link bandwidth var- iance by 56% and the content delivery latency by 40%. The proof-of-concept implementation demonstrates the feasibility of our proposed sc- heme for small-scale deployment.

Acoustic emission activity in directly tensile test on marble specimens and its tensile damage constitutive model

For understanding acoustic emission （AE） activity and accumulation of micro-damage inside rock under pure tensile state, the AE signals has been monitored on the test of directly tension on two kinds of marble specimens. A tensile constitutive model was proposed with the damage factor calculated by AE energy rate. The tensile strength of marble was discrete obviously and was sensitive to the inside microdefects and grain composition. With increasing of loading, the tensile stress-strain curve obviously showed nonlinear with the tensile tangent modulus decreasing. In repeated loading cycle, the tensile elastic modulus was less than that in the previous loading cycle because of the generation of micro damage during the prior loading. It means the linear weakening occurring in the specimens. The AE activity was corresponding with occurrence of nonlinear deformation. In the initial loading stage which only elastic deformation happened on the specimens, there were few AE events occurred; while when the nonlinear deformation happened with increasing of loading, lots of AE events were generated. The quantity and energy of AE events were proportionally related to the variation of tensile tangent modulus. The Kaiser effect of AE activity could be clearly observed in tensile cycle loading. Based on the theory of damage mechanics, the damage factor was defined by AE energy rate and the tensile damage constitutive model was proposed which only needed two property constants. The theoretical stress-strain curve was well fitted with the curve plotted with tested datum and the two property constants were easily gotten by the laboratory testing.

Innovation in the Manufacturing Sector： The Case of Serbia

The paper presents the results of research on innovation activities of manufacturing firms in Serbia. In order to answer the question how innovation takes place in one transition country, key influencing factors were identify （i.e., firm＇s size, age, ownership, industry sector, personnel qualifications and experience）. Based on the analysis of a sample comprising 73 firms, the study tried to highlight certain innovation barriers, which may have a negative impact on the total efficiency of economic performance, and growth and development of manufacturing firms in Serbia. Comparing overall innovation activities of Serbian firms to the other transition countries, it can be concluded that majority of the fhnns had innovation performances below the level EU-27. This study draws out the potential contributions to existing literature of managing innovation in Serbia.

Interferon alpha plus ribavirin combination treatment of Japanese chronic hepatitis C patients with HCV genotype 2:A project of the Kyushu University Liver Disease Study Group

AIM： To determine the efficacy of an interferon alpha and ribavirin combination treatment for Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus （HCV） of genotype 2, a multi-center study was retrospectively analyzed. METHODS： In total, 173 patients with HCV genotype 2 started to receive interferon-alpha subcutaneously thrice a week and 600-800 mg of ribavirin daily for 24 wk. RESULTS： The overall sustained virological response （SVR）, defined as undetectable HCV RNA in serum, 24 wk after the end of treatment, was remarkably high by 84.4%, （146/173） by an intention-to-treat analysis. A significant difference in SVR was found between patients with and without the discontinuation of ribavirin （46.9% vs 92.9 %）, but no difference was found between those with and without a dose reduction of ribavirin. A significant difference in SVR was also found between patients with less than 16 wk and patients with 16 or more weeks of ribavirin treatment （34.8 % vs 92.0 %）. CONCLUSION： The 24-wk interferon and ribavirin treatment is highly effective for Japanese patients with HCV genotype 2. The significant predictor of SVR is continuation of the ribavirin treatment for up to 16

Cost effectiveness analysis of population-based serology screening and ^(13)C-Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori to prevent gastric cancer:A markov model

AIM:To compare the costs and effectiveness of no screening and no eradication therapy, the population- based Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) serology screening with eradication therapy and 13C-Urea breath test (UBT) with eradication therapy. METHODS:A Markov model simulation was carried out in all 237 900 Chinese males with age between 35 and 44 from the perspective of the public healthcare provider in Singapore. The main outcome measures were the costs, number of gastric cancer cases prevented, life years saved, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained from screening age to death. The uncertainty surrounding the cost-effectiveness ratio was addressed by one-way sensitivity analyses. RESULTS:Compared to no screening, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was $16 166 per life year saved or $13 571 per QALY gained for the serology screening, and $38 792 per life year saved and $32 525 per QALY gained for the UBT. The ICER was $477 079 per life year saved or $390 337 per QALY gained for the UBT compared to the serology screening. The cost- effectiveness of serology screening over the UBT was robust to most parameters in the model. CONCLUSION:The population-based serologyscreening for H pylori was more cost-effective than the UBT in prevention of gastric cancer in Singapore Chinese males.

Optimal restructuring strategies under various dynamic factors

Corporate restructuring was identified as a new industrial force that has great impact on economic values and that therefore has become central in daily financial decision making. This article investigates the optimal restructuring strategies under different dynamic factors and their numerous impacts on firm value. The concept of quasi-leverage is introduced and valuation models are built for corporate debt and equity under imperfect market conditions. The model’s input variables include the quasi-leverage and other firm-specific parameters, the output variables include multiple corporate security values. The restruc- turing cost is formulated in the form of exponential function, which allows us to observe the sensitivity of the variation in security values. The unified model and its analytical solution developed in this research allow us to examine the continuous changes of security values by dynamically changing the coupon rates, riskless interest rate, bankruptcy cost, quasi-leverage, personal tax rate, corporate taxes rate, transaction cost, firm risk, etc., so that the solutions provide useful guidance for financing and restructuring decisions.

Conflicting Emotions： Globalization and Decoloniality in Tambien la lluvia

It is not difficult to understand the success of Tambien la lluvia （2010） starring the internationally recognized Mexican actor Gael Garcia Bernal. The coproduction among France, Spain, and Mexico succeeds in creating film that gains critical as well as commercial attention for its treatment of the theme of globalization as well as for its aesthetic quality. The Spanish director, Icfar Boallafn heavily employs metacinematography, metanarrative, and intertextuality in the film but loses subtlety in conveying the message of globalization as a continuation of colonization. As the study of the aforementioned themes has been exhausted, this analysis focuses on the role and representation of the emotions that are shaped by the global economic circumstance of capitalism, consumerism, and globalization. I will analyze and compare the emotions of the western characters with that of the indigenous characters in Bolivia to demonstrate how the filmic representations of emotions are influenced by the understanding of history, culture, and society. This analysis attempts to reveal how the western subjects struggle to locate their emotions resulting in their displacement in representations of information and simulations of reality that have lost their connection with the original referent. On the other hand, the indigenous＇ emotional repertoire is based on their direct interaction with the land and their community. Furthermore, the first people appear to have inherited and cultivated their emotions as a community, which motivate them to act collectively to continue their incessant struggle against exploitation and colonization. Through this study, I hope to explore the relationship between the emotions and decoloniality by identifying how cultivation of emotions could have a major impact in questioning the Eurocentric episteme imposed onto the periphery.

Cost Management Research Based on E-commerce Logistics Mode

This paper describes the real-time and the importance of the study about e-commerce logistics cost management ,analyzes the development status of today＇ s e-commerce logistics and compares it with the traditional logistics, defines the e-commerce logistics cost management .Based on this, it summarizes the cost structure of e-commerce logistics, proposes factors affecting the cost of logistics, builds the basic ideas of logistics cost management, and thus introducts the accounting methods about logistics cost .Finally, puts forward to the content and methods of logistics costs budget, controling the cost effectively.

Vitamin B6 and Lipid Contents in Engraulisjaponica Specifically Caught for Production of Japanese Soup Stock

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between percentage of body lipid and individual vitamin B6 contents in the anchovy used for production of Japanese soup stock. The contents of individual vitamin B6 compound in foods should be determined to estimate the functionality of foods. Anchovies （Engraulisjaponica） for use as production of iriko, which is a raw material for preparation of Japanese soup stock, were caught using a medium-sized purse seine on May 26th, June 1st, and July 6th 2011 in Tachibana Bay, Nagasaki, Japan. Vitamin B6 contents were analyzed by 4-pyridoxolacone-coversion （all-enzymatic） HPLC. The relationship between body length, lipid content and the individual contents of vitamin B6 compounds in the anchovies was determined. The propriety of anchovies for iriko preparation could not be estimated based on the appearance of length of fishes. The anchovies were rich in vitamin B6, especially pyridoxamine 5＇-phosphate, which may prevent diabetic complications. The percentage of body lipid significantly showed a negative correlation with the content of pyridoxamine 5＇-phosphate. The contents of the other vitamin B6 compounds did not show the significant correlation with the percentage of body lipid.

A New Approximate Fundamental Solution for Orthotropic Plate

A weight double trigonometric series is presented as an approximate fundamental solution for orthotropic plate.Integral equation of orthotropic plate bending is solved by a new method, which only needs one basic boundary integral Eq., puts one fictitious boundary outside plate domain. Examples show that the approximate fundamental solution and solving method proposed in this paper are simple, reliable and quite precise. And they are applicable for various boundary conditions.