素风、素裁、素穴、素瓷皎然茶道美学思想又研究

皎然在佛教及其禅宗、诗歌及其诗论、茶诗及其茶道等各方面,都存在着或明或隐的美学倾向和审美观点。通过对其诗文的深入研读,可以找到不少清晰的美学线索。皎然诗中有如此多关于“素”的元素:素风、素高、素诚、素发、素裁、素月、素穴、素瓷、素耿介、缁素,似乎有意要一素到底。皎然希望“素裁”有“天地秋色”与“庆云从风”一样的自然之态,而不需要有太多的修饰与堆砌。皎然把自己居住的地方称为“素穴”,这表明他的生活清苦得几乎一无所有。皎然有着一颗雅素之心。他的一句“素瓷雪色缥沫香”,为茶道美学中的茶器做了适时定位,让唐宋两代的茶人有了自己的审美倾向,并在宋代到达艺术审美的高地。

针刺素髎穴对豚鼠急性呼吸衰竭心率的影响

本文以豚鼠为实验对象,用50%葡萄糖溶液0.2ml直接注入气道,造成豚鼠的急性呼吸衰竭的病理模型。采用针刺素髎穴,对因呼吸衰竭而引起心动过速的豚鼠进行针刺研究。实验结果表明,针刺素髎穴对豚鼠因呼吸衰竭而引起心动过速有明显的疗效。

电针“三阴交穴”调节自然围绝经期大鼠雌激素及单胺类神经递质的实验研究

目的研究电针"三阴交穴"对自然围绝经期大鼠单胺类神经递质的影响。方法将大鼠分为正常组、模型组与电针组,电针组大鼠在三阴交处进行电针,隔日1次,共治疗15次。其他两组大鼠进行常规饲养,不进行针刺,隔日抓取。酶免方法(Elisa)检测大鼠卵巢雌二醇(E2)水平和海马部位的单胺类神经递质含量。结果 Elisa结果提示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠卵巢E2含量降低了59.17%(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,治疗组大鼠卵巢E2含量显著增高了65.49%(P<0.01),但仍未恢复至正常水平(P<0.01)。中枢神经递质的结果显示:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠海马区五羟色胺(5-HT)含量升高了34.35%,NE、DA分别下降了33.86%和34.38%(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,治疗组大鼠5-HT含量明显降低了11.13%(P<0.05),NE显著上调了19.18%(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。治疗组DA含量虽升高了7.59%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与正常组比较,模型组的5-HT/NE的比值显著升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,治疗组的5-HT/NE的比值显著降低了23.47%(P<0.01)。结论电针"三阴交"穴可以调节自然围绝经期大鼠的性激素水平及中枢单胺类神经递质的水平。

针刺素穴和纳络酮治疗急性乙醇中毒的疗效比较

针刺素穴和纳络酮治疗急性乙醇中毒的疗效比较姜利人近年来，我院采用中西医结合的方法救治急性乙醇中毒患者，与单用纳络酮治疗者比较，疗效更为显著，报告如下。１病例与方法１．１病例：１９９５年６月～１９９６年１２月我院急诊收治急性乙醇中毒患者６８例，随机分...

论素穴

本研究从定位、主治、与水沟穴的关系、主治机理等方面对素穴进行了论述。认为其应定位于鼻准头按之凹陷处;治疗病种从鼻病发展到急症和杂病;主治未与水沟穴混淆;主治机理应回归中医的脏腑经络学说。

针灸素据穴对血压影响的临床观察

针灸素据穴对血压影响的临床观察刘宏伟河南中医学院（４５０００３）主题词穴，素捷／针灸效应血压／针灸效应素捷是督脉经位于鼻尖处之穴位，具有急救升压、开窍苏厥的作用。为探讨针刺和艾灸该穴的治疗效果，将血压降低患者随机分为两组，并设对照组进行临床研究，现报...

Characteristics of the main polluting trace elements in the water environment of mining subsidence pools

Mining subsidence pools are water bodies formed by soil subsidence near mines. We studied the impact the surrounding coal production activities and power plants have on these waters by measuring the concentrations of harmful trace elements in these waters. The concentration of the four elements F, Hg, Se and As increased by 0.92%, 0.78%, 0.70% and 0.81%, respectively, in the Datong mining subsidence pool from November 2004 to November 2006. The four elements increased by 1.58%, 1.23%, 1.08% and 0.92%, respectively, in the Xie’er mining subsidence pool and 1.16%, 1.06%, 1.02% and 1.01%, respectively, in the Pansan mining subsidence pool over the same time period. The absolute levels of F, Hg, Se and As in the pool are related to the background levels of the elements. A close relationship between nearby coal mines and power plants and increasing levels of the measured elements is noted.

CATGUT IMPLANTATION AT ACUPOINT FOR PROTECTION FROM INJURY OF SPATIAL MEMORY IN THE RAT OF CONTINUATIVE ILLUMINATION

Objective To observe the injury of spatial memory in the rat of continuative illumination and the protection of catgut implantation at Nèiguān （内关 PC6） from the injury. Methods After training for 7 days in Morris＇s water maze of 4 quadrants, on the 8th day, 48 male Wistar rats of clear grade were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a melatonin （MT） group and a catgut implantation group, 12 rats each group. The spatial injury in the rats was induced by continuative and long-term （24 h and 42 days） illumination, and at the same time, they were treated with catgut implantation at Nèiguān （内关 PC6） and intraperitoneal injection of MT; changes of spatial memory ability and ultrastructures of the neurons of the hippocampus were detected by Morris＇s water maze and transmission electron microscope, respectively. Results The searching platform latency （SPL） in the Morris＇s water maze in the model group significantly prolonged as compared with that before modeling （P〈0.05）, and after treatment it was significantly shortened in the MT group and the catgut implantation group as compared with the model group （both P 〈 0.05）, but with no significant differences as compared with that before treatment （both P 〉0.05）. Mitochondria, synapses, axes and vascular endothelium in the hippocampus in the model group were injured in varying degrees, but a less injury was found in the MT group and the catgut implantation group which was similar to that in the normal group. Conclusion Catgut Implantation at Nèiguān （1内关 PC6） can protect from the injury of spatial memory in the rat of continuative illumination.

Instant effect of acupuncture at Sùliáo (素髎 GV 25) mainly for primary dysmenorrhea

Objective To compare the difference of therapeutic effect for needling mainly at Saliao （素髎 GV 25） and oral administration of anodyne on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, each group with 30 patients. Sulliao （素髎 GV 25） was taken as main point in acupuncture group, anodyne was applied orally in medication group. Results The total effective rate in acupuncture group was 100.0% （30/30）, which was equivalent to 93.3% （28/30） in medication group （P〉0.05）. However in acupuncture group 25 patients with pain relieved within 20 min, while in medication group only 4 patients with pain relieved within 20min, therefore acupuncture group was superior to medication group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion There was no distinct difference between the therapeutic effect in acupuncture group and medication group except the initial time which showing effects in acupuncture group is much shorter than medication group.

Influence of moxibustion at Shénquè (神阙 CV 8) on senile symptoms and melatonin

Objective To observe the influence of moxibustion at Shenque （神阙 CV 8） on senile symptoms and its machenism. Methods Sixty three patients were divided into moxibustion group and control group. Suspend moxibustion over CV 8 with moxa stick was used in moxibustion group for 30 min, the frequency was once two days and the course lasted for 2 months. No therapeutic measure was used in control group. The senile symptom score before and after treatment were evaluated, and the serum meletonin content before and after treatment was detected through radioimmunoassay. Results The senile symptom score after moxibustion decreased obviously than that before moxibustion （P〈0.001）, and the change was more obvious than that in control group （P〈0.01）. The effect of relieving symptoms such as lumbar debility and insomnia in moxibustion group was better than that in control goup （P〈0.05）. The total effect in moxibustion group was also better than that in control group （P〈0.05）. The serum meletonin content was increased obviously than that before moxibustion （P〈0.001）, and the content was higher than that in control group obviously （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Suspend moxibustion over CV 8 with moxa stick can improve senile symptoms, and this effect is related to the increase of the content of serum meletonin.

Clinical efficacy of catgut embedment combined with moxibustion and bloodletting in the treatment of androgenic alopecia

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of catgut embedment combined with moxibustion and bloodletting in the treatment of androgenic alopecia and to probe into its therapeutic mechanism. Methods Eighty-four patients with androgenic alopecia were divided into catgut embedment group （group A） and western medicine group （group B） on the basis of random number table and according to the order of treatment. For the pateints in group A, Shenguan （肾关） on both sides, Minghuang （明黄） and Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） were selected to receive catgut embedment therapy, once every month, combined with moxibustion on the lower abdomen and local bloodletting treatment. For the patients in group B, finasteride 1mg/d was orally administrated. The treatment period for two groups was 3 months, and the follow-up visit lasted for 3 months. Serum testosterone （T） and estradiol （E2） contents were detected respectively before treatment, after i month and 3 months of treatment and after 3 months of follow-up visit, and the specific values were calculated to make statistical analysis of T, E2, T/E2 and curative effects of the two groups after i month and 3 months of treatment and after 3 months of follow-up visit. Results There was no statistical significance in curative effect between the two groups after i month of treatment （P〉0.05）, and the curative effect in group A were better than that in group B after 3 months of treatment or after 3 months of follow-up visit （both P〈0.05）; E2 level in group A was lower than that in group A after 3 months of treatment （P〈0.05）; T, E2 and T/E2 in group A were all lower than that in group B after 3 month of follow-up visit （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The curative effect of treating androgenic alopecia with catgut embedment, moxibustion and bloodletting is definite, and its mechanism of action may be related to the reduction of T levels and T/E2 values.

Acupuncture for 40 cases of spasmodic torticollis

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of professor WU Lian-zhong＇s ＂resuscitation and regulating muscle＂ acupuncture method for spasmodic torticollis（ST） based on syndrome differentiation,and to compare the efficacy of acupuncture treatment between the patients with spasmodic torticollis who were not given botulinum toxin A by injection and the patients given botulinum toxin A by injection.Methods Forty patients were divided into treatment group（not given botulinum toxin A by injection） and control group（given botulinum toxin A by injection）,with 20 patients in each group.＂Resuscitation and regulating muscle＂ acupuncture method was adopted in both two groups,and the treatment lasted for 6 months.The clinical efficacy in both two groups was compared after treatment.Tsui＇s Scale was applied to evaluate the overall effect,the abnormal posture of cervical spine and dystonic tremor.Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale（TWSTRS） was used for scoring the severity of torticollis,quality of life and pain.Results After treatment,the markedly effective rate and the total effective rate in treatment group were 35.0% and 90.0%,respectively,which were superior to those in control group,namely 20.0% and 75.0%,and the efficacy difference was statistically significant for the total effective rate（P0.05）.It was shown according to the Tsui＇s Scale and TWSTRS that the differences were statistically significant when compared the two groups before and after treatment（all P0.01）;the difference of intergroup comparison after treatment was statistically significant（P0.05）.No adverse effect was found in both two groups during acupuncture treatment.Conclusion ＂Resuscitation and regulating muscle＂ acupuncture method can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of ST patients,and better efficacy is found in the patients not given botulinum toxin A by injection.The course of treatment of acupuncture treatment for torticollis patients is longer,and the patients should insist on treatment,and keep a good attitude.

Effect of acupuncture at Bǎihuì (百会GV 20) and Zúsānlǐ (足三里ST 36) on the level of serum inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression

Objective To investigate the immunologic mechanism of acupuncture at Bǎihuì（百 会 GV 20） and Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36） for treatment of depression. Methods Eighty-four cases of depression patients were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture observation group（group A）, an electroacupuncture control group（group B） and a medication control group（group C）, 28 cases in each group. Bǎihuì（百会 GV 20） and Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36） were used in the group A; Tàichōng （太冲 LR 3）, Sānyīnjiāo （三阴交 SP 6）, Nèiguān （内关 PC 6） and Shénmén （神门 HT 7） were used in the group B; and the group C was treated with oral administration of Fluoxetine. The scores of Hamilton Depression Scale （HAMD） were tested and the level of serum interleukin 1（IL-1β）, interleukin 6 （IL-6）, and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay （ELISA）before and after treatment. Results Their scores of HAMD were obviously decreased after treatment in three groups（all P0.01）. In the group A, 2 cases were cured, 19 cases were markedly effective, 5 cases were effective and 2 cases were failed. In the group B, 16 cases were markedly effective, 12 cases were effective. While in the group C, 1 case was cured, 17 cases were markedly effective, 7 cases were effective and 3 cases were failed. The grade distribution of clinical effect showed that the effect of group A was better （P0.05）. The levels of serum IL-1β and IL-6 in the three groups were obviously decreased after treatment （P0.05, P0.01）, while there was no significant difference between the level of serum TNF-α before and after treatment. Conclusion The effect of electroacupuncture observation group is superior to those of electroacupuncture control group and medication control group.All of these three methods can clear the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6 away and improve the symptoms of depression.

Influencing factors on efficacy of summer acupoint application treatment for allergic rhinitis:a retrospective study

OBJECTIVE:Allergic rhinitis(AR) is a common health problem.Summer acupoint application treatment(SAAT) is reported to effectively treat and prevent AR from seasonal onset.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate its effects,especially on the course of AR,through a retrospective study.METHOD:A cross-sectional multicenter study was performed based on patients treated between 2008 and 2009 in 13 clinical centers in China.A total of 1058 outpatients aged ≥2 years with documented AR and ≥1 year SAAT were eligible for enrollment.A case report form(CRF) was completed by both patient and doctor.The CRF was designed to collect data on the patient's history of SAAT,AR condition,and self-reported health condition.The outcomes(dependent variables) were incidence and intensity of AR and concomitant medications used.Data were analyzed with ordinal logistic regression(OLR).RESULTS:Treatment course and seasonal pattern of AR were related to all dependent variables positively.After controlling for sample bias and confounding factors,the findings suggested that a 3-year treatment course had better efficacy(OR/incidence of AR:2.57,95%CI:1.76-3.76;OR/intensity of AR:2.17,95%CI:1.50-3.17;OR/concomitant medications:2.20,95% CI:1.50-3.23) compared with a 2-year or less treatment course.CONCLUSION:The results showed that:1)the length of treatment course was positively associated with the efficacy of SAAT(the longer the treatment course,the better the efficacy);and 2)SAAT was more efficacious in treating seasonal AR than non-seasonal AR.

Effects of electroacupuncture at lower he-sea points on interleukin-1β and high mobility group box 1 in model rats with ulcerative colitis

Objective To comparatively observe the effect of electroacupuncture at digestive system-related lower he-sea points on the expressions of serum interleukin-1β（IL-1 β）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） of colon tissues and high mobility group box 1 protein（HMGB 1） of ulcerative colitis（UC） model rats, and to explore whether there is relative specificity of electroacupuncture at Shàngjùxū（上巨虚 ST 37）, one of lower he-sea points of large intestine, in treatment of bowel diseases. Method A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, ST 37 group, Zúsānl？（足三里 ST 36） group, Xiàjùxū（下巨虚 ST 39） group and Yánglíngquán（阳陵泉 GB 34） group. There were ten rats in each group; five were males, and five were females. UC models were established by clysis with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid/alcohol solution. After modeling, treatment was conducted for ten days, specimens were collected, colonic ulcers and inflammation were inspected visually and scored. The content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1 in colon were detected through ELISA. Results 1 Compared with control group, the scores of colonic ulcers and inflammation, the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α（except ST 37 group） and HMGB 1 were all higher（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; 2 compared with model group, the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 36 group and ST 37 group were lower obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in the four treatment groups were lower obviously（P〈0.01）; 3 compared with ST 37 group, the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in other three treatment groups were higher obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; and the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 39 group and GB 34 group were higher obviously（P〈0.05）. Conclusion 1 The score of colonic ulcers can be reduced through electroacupuncture at ST 37, ST 36, ST 39 and GB 34, which can also reduce the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1, and effectively inhibit inflammatory response of colon caused by UC; 2 the effect trend of the four acupoints in treatment of UC is： ST 37ST 36ST 39GB 34, and electroacupuncture at ST 37 has the best effect with relative specificity.

Influence of catgut implantation at acupoints on splenic lymphocyte nuclear factor (NF-κB p65) and correlated signaling molecules (β2AR) in rats with experimental colitis

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of catgut implantation at acupoints on ulcerative colitis. Methods Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group （NC）, a model group （MO） and a catgut implantation group （CI） with 6 rats in each group. Animals in group MO and group CI were treated by trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid （TNBS） to establish model with colitis. No other treatment was given to the rats in group MO, but catgut was implanted at ＂Shàngjùxū＂ （上 巨虚 ST 37）, ＂Tiānshū＂ （天枢 ST 25） and ＂Dàchángshū＂ （大肠俞 BL 25） in the rats in group CI. The symptoms of diarrhea and bloody stool, and changes in histopathology were detected 15 days after the treatment. Expressions of splenic lymphocyte nuclear factor κB p65（NF-κB p65）and correlated signaling molecules（β2AR）were detected by the western blot method. Results Diarrhea and mucus bloody purulent stool were soon controlled, and mucous injures were obviously improved in group CI. The NF-κB p65 value of splenic lymphocytes was signifi cantly increased （P0.01） and expression of β2AR remarkably reduced in group MO （P0.01）, compared with group NC. But, the NF-κB p65 value was significantly decreased （P0.01） and expression of β2AR remarkably increased in group CI （P 0.01） , compared with group MO. Conclusion Catgut implantation at acupoints is obviously effective in treating experimental colitis. Modulation of NF-κB p65 and the correlated signaling molecules β2AR may be involved in the mechanisms.

Clinical Experience of Treating Acute Lumbar Sprain by Puncturing Suliao（GV 25）

Significant therapeutic effect was shown in treating 68 cases of acute lumbar sprain by puncturing Suliao（GV 25） combined with the patient＇s movement, and its total effective rate was 91.1%.

Mechanism Study on Acupuncture for Non-insulin Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective： To investigate the action mechanism of acupuncture for non-insulin resistant polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）. Methods： A total of 46 cases with non-insulin resistant PCOS were randomly allocated into an observation group of 23 cases and a control group of 23 cases. Cases in the observation group were treated by needling bilateral Weiwanxiashu （Ex-B 3）, whereas those in the control group were treated by needling bilateral Sanyinjiao （SP 6）. After 3-month treatments, a comparison was made on the changes of ovulations rates, Follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, testosterone （T）, fasting insulin and body mass index （BMI）. Results： There were statistical differences in ovulation rates and LH/FSH before and after the treatment in the observation group （P〈0.05）, along with a statistical difference in testosterone changes （P〈0.01）. There were also statistical differences in LH and LH/FSH before and after the treatment in the control group （P〉0.05）; however, there were no statistical differences in ovulation rates and testosterone changes （P〈0.05）. There was significant difference in testosterone changes between the two groups after the treatment （P〈0.01）, along with a statistical difference in ovulation rates between the two groups （P〈0.05）. However, there were no statistical differences in LH/FSH and BMI between the two groups. Conclusion： Needling Weiwanxiashu （Ex-B 3） and Sanyinjiao （SP 6） can both improve the endocrine disorder of patients with non-insulin resistant PCOS; however, needling Weiwanxiashu （Ex-B 3） can obtain a better result than Sanyinjiao （SP 6） in increasing the insulin sensitivity and preventing insulin resistance.