复方阿维菌素粉中两种主要成分含量的测定

复方阿维菌素粉是抗生素与化学药物配伍使用的新型复方药物,主要含阿维菌素与阿苯达唑两种抗菌成分,试验分别选用液相色谱法和紫外分光光度法测定两组分含量。实验结果显示:两方法选用合理,均很好地测出被测成分,排除了另一组分和辅料的干扰。

中药熏洗联合多西环素阴道给药治疗女性生殖道支原体感染的效果研究

目的:观察中药熏洗联合多西环素阴道给药治疗女性生殖道支原体感染的疗效,总结护理方法。方法:筛选100例女性生殖道支原体感染患者,用抽签法分为对照组和治疗组各50例,对照组用中药熏洗联合多西环素片口服治疗,治疗组用中药熏洗联合多西环素粉阴道上药治疗,并实施中医护理干预。观察两组患者治疗后总有效率,药物副作用发生率,Uu或Mh转阴率、复发率及患者满意度。结果:经过3个疗程治疗后:治疗组总有效率为98%,药物副作用发生率为2%,Uu或Mh转阴率为94%、复发率为10%,满意率为96%,对照组总有效率为84%、药物副作用发生率为50%,Uu或Mh转阴率为64%、复发率为36%,满意率为86%,组间对比差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论:女性生殖道支原体感染选用中药熏洗联合多西环素阴道给药治疗并给予中医护理干预,具有显效快,疗程短,转阴率高,无毒副作用,患者满意的优势,值得推广运用。

辐射对云南特色中药的灭菌效果及品质影响研究

目的为有效利用辐射灭菌处理云南特色中药。方法选有代表性的三七粉和灯盏花素粉利用钴-60γ射线进行辐射处理,检测分析其在不同辐射剂量下的灭菌效果和有效成分含量的变化,并计算D10值。结果γ射线辐射对三七粉和灯盏花素粉的有效成分含量无明显影响,三七粉的D10值计算为2.9 kGy。6.0和3.0 kGy可有效杀灭三七粉和灯盏花素粉中的微生物至规定标准。结论用辐射灭菌法处理三七和灯盏花及其制品是有效可行的。

Correlation between Carotenoids Content and Several Quality Traits of Wheat Varieties

A total of 31 wheat varieties（lines） released in different years in Huanghuai Area were selected as materials so as to study the carotenoids content,lipoxygenase activity, and some other quality traits of wholemeal. Results showed that carotenoid content and other quality traits had highly significant differences among varieties. Carotenoids content was significantly positive correlated with watersoluble pentosan and yellowness. Carotenoids content was significantly negative correlated with peak viscosity, hold through, breakdown, final viscosity, unit weight,formation time, and was negative correlated with peak time, protein content and stability time. According to cluster analysis, carotenoid contents in 31 varieties were divided into three major groups： one group had common carotenoid content, which included 19 varieties such as Meng 0318; one group had relatively low carotenoid content, which included 10 varieties such as Luomai23; and the last group had relatively high carotenoid content, which included 2 varieties such as Huaimai22. The average carotenoid contents of the three groups were 1.93, 1.07 and 2.99 mg/kg respectively.

CysC、SAA和尿微量清蛋白在早期糖尿病肾病诊断中的应用

目的：探讨血清胱抑素 C（CysC）、淀粉样蛋白 A（SAA）和尿微量清蛋白（malb）联合检测在糖尿病肾病（DN）早期肾损伤诊断中的应用价值。方法收集112例糖尿病（DM）患者，根据尿微量清蛋白水平分为糖尿病无肾病组（malb＜25 mg／L）、早期糖尿病肾病组（malb 25～300 mg／L），选取50例体检健康者作为对照组。采用免疫比浊法检测血清 CysC 和尿 malb 水平，酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清 SAA 水平。同时检测血糖（GLU）、血肌酐（Cr）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）等生化指标。结果数据进行统计学分析，DM 患者2组 CysC、SAA、malb 水平均明显高于健康对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0.05），且随着肾损伤的加重而升高；DM 患者两组 GLU、HbA1C 与健康对照组比较，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论 DM 患者血清 CysC 与SAA 水平随着尿 malb 的增加而升高。血清 CysC、SAA 和 malb 联合检测可提高早期 DN 肾损伤的检出率。

Expression of Ethylene Biosynthetic Genes Regulated by Pollination associated Factors in Doritaenopsis hybrida Flowers

Pollination of flowers initiates postpollination development in orchid (Doritaenopsis hybrida Hort.) flowers, including perianth senescence, stigma closure, and ovary development. Because ethylene is thought to play a key role in coordinating these developmental changes, the authors studied the temporal and spatial patterns of expression of genes encoding 1 aminocyclopropane 1 carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase following pollination associated factor treatments in orchid flowers. Both ACC synthase and ACC oxidase mRNA accumulation in the various parts of the flowers is induced by auxin, and ethylene, but not by emasculation. The patterns of both ACC synthase and ACC oxidase mRNA accumulation are similar in all floral organs following auxin and ethylene treatments. Further, in situ hybridization analysis indicates that the ACC oxidase mRNA is localized in epidermal and parenchyma cells of the stigma after auxin and ethylene treatments. The putative roles of auxin, ethylene and emasculation are discussed in terms of the regulation of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase gene expression in flowers.

Bi-modal microstructure in a powder metallurgical ferritic steel

Ferritic steel with a nominal composition of Fe-14Cr-3W-0.42Ti-0.32Y was prepared by mixing gas-atomized prealloyed powder and mechanically alloyed powder. The microstructure is much different fxom other ferritic steels with the same composition and prepared via only mechanically alloyed powder. A bi-modal structure, which consists of pure ferritic grains and martensitic grains, was obtained after hot forging and air cooling. A phase transformation of αbcc→γfcc→α＇bcc was also discovered in microstructural observation. The bi-modal microstructure shows a good combination of high strength and high ductility.

Changes of Calmodulin Distribution in the Embryo Sac of Oryza sativa Before and After Fertilization: an Immunogold Electron Microscope Study

Changes of calmodulin (CaM) distribution in the embryo sac of rice (Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica) at various stages before and after fertilization have been investigated by using immunogold electron microscopy. Before pollination, both cytoplasm and vacuoles of the egg cell, synergids and central cell were labeled by gold particles. A small amount of gold particles were localized in the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and dictyosomes. From pollination to fertilization, CaM amount increased in these cells, especially rich in the starch of amyloplasts. Increase of gold particles in the central cell began about 2 h earlier than that in the egg cell. There was no distinct difference of CaM amount between the degenerated and the persistent synergids. It is interesting to observe an obvious change of CaM distribution form during pollination and fertilization from scattered single particles to clustered particles, and back again to single particles after the fertilization finished. CaM was also localized extracellularly in the embryo sac wall as well as in the wall and intercellular space of nucellus cells. The extracellular CaM also changes in its amount and form after pollination. These results suggest that CaM, either intra- or extra-cellular, may play important roles in fertilization and zygote formation.

RELATIONSHIPS OF STARCH CONCENTRATION WITH SPECIFIC LEAF WEIGHT AND MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS IN POTATO LEAVES UNDER VARIED CO_2 AND TEMPERATURE

Foliar concentrations of starch and major nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg along with specific leaf weight (SLW) were determined in the potato (Solanun tuberosum L.) cvs "Denali", "Norland "'and "Russet Burbank" grown for 35 days under the CO2 concentrations of 500, 1 000, 1 500 and 2 000 mol mol-1 at both 16 and 20℃ air temperature. The starch concentration, pooled from the three cultivars, increased with increasing CO2 concentration at both 16 and 20℃,, and was consistently higher at 16℃ than at 20℃. The SLW (g m-2) was positively related to the foliar starch concentration on the basis of leaf area or dry weight. The concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg in leaves were negatively related to starch concentration under 14% starch on a dry weight basis. Above 14%, there was no significant relationship between nutrient and starch concentrations . The similar patterns were seen when the SLW and nutrient concentrations were expressed on a starch-free basis. In contrast, the leaf concentration of K was not closely related to the starch concentration. The results indicated that the changes in SLW and concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg in potato leaves only partially resulted from the changed starch concentration.

Construction of Fingerprint of Rape Pollen by Using HPLC

The flavonoids is a kind of complex compound and quercetin is a main composition in rape pollen.Taking quercetin as a sample and using separation technology and high performance liquid chromatography,chromatography fingerprint technique of Chinese medicine is introduced in food field to construct chromatography fingerprint of rape pollen,which can be used for medicinal use and edible use.The method will become a beneficial supplement for quality control method to ensure the safety and effectiveness of products.

Alzheimer’s disease:epidemiology,genetics,and beyond

Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is an increasing epidemic threatening public health. Both men and women are susceptible to the disease although women are at a slightly higher risk. The prevalence of AD rises exponentially in elderly people from 1% at age of 65 to approximately 40%-50% by the age of 95. While the cause of the disease has not been fully understood, genetics plays a role in the onset of the disease. Mutations in three genes （APP, PSENI, and PSEN2） have been found to cause AD and APOE4 allele increases the risk of the disease. As human genomic research progresses, more genes have been identified and linked with AD. Genetic screening tests for persons at high risk of AD are currently available and may help them as well as their families better prepare for a later life with AD.

Role of Wall-bound β-Glucanases in Regulating Tip-growth of Lilium longiflorum Pollen Tubes

Glucanases were found in the cell wall of Lilium longiflorum Thunb. pollen tubes grown in vitro . The activity of β_glucanases was, in a certain extent, decreased by nojirimycin, an inhibitor of glucosidase. Pollen germination percentage reduced dramatically when nojirimycin was applied in the culture medium. In case that nojirimycin was added at 0 or 1 h after the onset of incubation, the inhibition rate was 99.6% and 91.4%, respectively. When 3 mmol/L of nojirimycin was applied in the liquid medium at 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 h after the onset of incubation, the growth of pollen tubes was interrupted, which resulted in the morphological change of the pollen tubes such as the newly grown portion of pollen tubes being bent, curved and swollen. Tracing the growth pattern of the individual pollen tube grown in semi_solid medium by video microscopy, the authors demonstrated that pollen tube growth rate was strongly inhibited by nojirimycin at concentrations ranged from 0.003 to 3 mmol/L. Moreover, the cytoplasmic arrangement and the morphology of the pollen tubes were also affected by nojirimycin. The growth inhibition brought about by nojirimycin was reversible. These results indicated that β_glucanases, which degrade 1,3_β_glucan and/or 1,4_β_glucan or 1,3:1,4_β_glucan constructed in the cell wall, are involved in pollen germination and pollen tube growth. It provides new insight into an understanding of the contribution of β_glucanases to the cell wall extensibility and the crucial role of cell wall in regards to the regulation of pollen tube growth.

Determination of trace impurity elements in MnZn ferrite powder by direct current glow discharge mass spectrometry

An analytical method for the determination of 26 impurity elements （such as Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Ga, Ge, Y, Nb, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, W and Pb） in MnZn ferrite powder by direct current glow discharge mass spectrometry （GD-MS） was established. MnZn ferrite powder was mixed with copper powder, used as a conductor, and pressed. The effects of MnZn ferrite powder preparation conditions and glow discharge parameters for the sensitivity and stability of signal analysis were investigated. By determining the choice of isotope and the application of the mass resolutions of 4000 （MR, medium resolution） and 10000 （HR, high resolution）, mass spectral interference was eliminated. The contents of impurity elements in MnZn ferrite powder was calculated by subtraction after normalizing the total signal of Mn, Zn, Fe, O and Cu. The results showed that the detection limit of 26 kinds of impurity elements was between 0.002 and 0.57 μg/g, and the relative standard deviation （RSD） was between 3.33% and 32.35%. The accuracy of this method was verified by the ICP-MS. The method was simple and practical, which is applied to the determination of impurity elements in MnZn ferrite powder.

Effects of Ag-carrying Zirconium Phosphate on the Kinetics of Growth of the Roots of Culture Artemisia annua

在植物组织和细胞培养过程中 ,尤其是在生物反应器培养中的染菌问题 ,一直是制约植物细胞培养工业化的难题。通过比较各种防腐剂的抑菌效果 ,确定银型磷酸锆盐抗菌粉为青蒿根培养的最佳防腐剂。银型磷酸锆盐抗菌粉在浓度为 30mg/L时 ,既能降低培养液的染菌几率 ,又不明显抑制青蒿根的生长及青蒿素的生物合成。在添加 30mg/L抗菌粉的培养液中进行的青蒿根生长、pH值变化以及残糖、铵离子和硝酸根离子消耗的动力学研究表明 ,在 4 0d内青蒿根在培养液中生长良好 ,营养成分的消耗和对照呈相似的趋势。

Chondrogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by puerarin and tetrandrine

Objective: This study aims to clarify the effect of the active components puerarin and tetrandrine on the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).Methods: Using network pharmacology, protein targets of puerarin and tetrandrine were predicted, and a database of cartilage formation targets was established. The protein target information related to disease was then collected, and the drug-targeting network was constructed by analyzing the protein–protein interactions. Genes related to chondrogenesis induced by puerarin and tetrandrine and chondroblast differentiation signaling pathways were searched. Finally, potential drug-and disease-related genes,as well as proteins, were screened and verified using real-time RT-PCR and western blotting.Results: Network pharmacological studies have shown that puerarin and tetrandrine are involved in BMSCs cartilage differentiation. The experimental results showed that puerarin and tetrandrine could regulate the expression of cartilage differentiation-related genes and proteins. Puerarin increased the protein expression of COL2 A1, COL10 A1, MMP13, and SOX-9,as well as the gene expression of Col2 a1, Mmp13, Tgfb1, and Sox-9. Tetrandrine increased the protein expression of COL2 A1,COL10 A1, MMP13, and SOX-9, as well as the gene expression of Col10 a1, Tgfb1, Sox-9, and Acan. The combination of puerarin and tetrandrine increased the protein expression of COL2 A1, COL10 A1, MMP13, and SOX-9 and the gene expression of Col2 a1,Col10 a1, Sox-9, and Acan.Conclusions: Puerarin, tetrandrine, and their combination can promote the proliferation of BMSCs and induce their differentiation into chondrocytes, and they are thus expected to be inducers of chondrogenic differentiation. These results suggest that puerarin and tetrandrine have potential therapeutic effects on osteoarthritis.

Synthesis and biochemical properties of fluorescent/magnetic bifunctional starch particles

Magnetic starch particles （MSPs） were synthesized in water-in-oil mieroemulsion at room temperature. MSPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry （FTIR）, zeta potential system, thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） and vibrating sample magnetometry （VSM）. The average diameter of the MSPs was 220 nm, dispersed with well-proportioned size and magnetic resonance, the saturation magnetization was 3.64 A.mR/kg. MSP was coated with poly-L-lysine （PLL）, and then the surface of PLL-MSP was combined with fluorescein isothiocynate （FITC）. Results show that fluorescent/magnetic starch particles （FMSPs） are of stable photo-bleaching capability compared with free FITC, with low bio-toxicity and certain function of magnetic separation. It is expected that FMSPs are bifimctional nano-materials including fluorescence labelling and magnetic separation.

Mg alloy surface alloying layer fabricated through evaporative pattern casting technology

The influencing factors of surface alloying layer by evaporative pattern casting technology were investigated.A certain thickness alloying layer was formed on the surface of Mg-alloy matrix when the pouring temperature was 780°C with different vacuum degree and alloying powder size.The surface layer microstructure,micro area composition of the new phase formed on the matrix and the composition characteristics on the surface layer were examined by SEM and element scanning.The results show that the content of aluminum increases greatly on the surface layer.The micro-hardness of alloyed layer has a more obvious increase compared with that of the matrix.The size of alloying element and the vacuum degree are the key factors influencing the alloying layer,with the increase of element powder size from 0.074 to 0.15 mm and vacuum degree from 0.04 to 0.06 MPa,the surface alloying effect becomes better.

Tabletting Characteristics of the Selected Malaysian Herbs

This work describes a study of tabletting of selected Malaysian herbs such as Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Ficus deltoidea and Morinda citrifolia. These herbs are famous for their therapeutic properties and are used as herbal medicine or as medicinal food. A cylindrical uniaxial die of 13 mm was used to compress the herb powders into tablets. Pressures ranging from 7.5 MPa to 75 MPa were applied using a universal testing machine. Two feed weights, 0.5 g and 1.0 g, were used to produce the tablets. A binder, the microcrystalline cellulose known as Avicel, was used to investigate its effect on tabletting. Properties associated with both the binder and the compounds were studied, and binary mixtures with compositions ranging from 10% to 60% were examined. The strength of the herb tablets was then tested using an indirect tensile strength test. Upon compression, the Morinda citrifolia powder showed the highest density compared to that of Avicel. However, due to its high elasticity, the tensile strength of the Morinda citrifolia tablet was the lowest. The experimental data were also verified using an established model for compression property development. The results indicated that this simple approach can be used to understand the tabletting characteristics of these herbs.

Determination and Removal of Endocrine Disruptors in Wastewater by Activated Carbon

This study aimed to evaluate the EDC （endocrine disruptors compounds） in the city of Sao Paulo＇s water sources, from samples collected at predetermined sampling points and to evaluate the adsorptive capacity of these compounds in different types of activated carbon. The effects of these EDC on humans are not well established due to the necessary large exposure time for the effect＇s manifestation. After tests using powdered and granular activated carbon, all samples were filtered under vacuum using cellulose acetate membrane （0.45 μm） to remove eventual impurities, and posteriorly carded out the solid-phase extraction SPE （solid-phase extraction） and chromatographic analysis. The results lead to the conclusion that both powdered activated carbon have removal effectiveness of these compounds by adsorption. Furthermore, great amount of endocrine disruptors were found at several sampling points in river and city＇s water reservoirs, which shows different levels of pollution of water sources, some of them responsible for the watersupply of the city of Silo Paulo, Brazil.

Effect of Four Pesticides on Controlling Autumn Cowpea Greenhouse Whitefly

In order to mitigate the occurrence and damage of cowpea whitefly, reduce chemical pesticide consumption, residue and environmental pollution, the methods of forecasting, randomized block design andstatistical analysis were used in field efficacy trials, to study the control effect of cowpea anthracnose by usingchemical pesticides dinotefuran, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, and bio-pesticide avermectin. The results showed that after applying 1.85% avermectin EC 375 g, 20% dinotefuran SP 600 g, 5% acetamiprid WP 600 g, and 25% pymetrozine WP 600 g （control pesticide） per hm2 once every 5-8 days, and 3 times continuously underserious autumn occurrence of greenhouse whitefly, the control efficacy was 90.9%, 97.0%, 88.0%, 93.9%respectively on the 7th day after the pesticides application; 97.4%, 92.1%, 84.2%, 89.4% respectively on the 14th day after the pesticides application; and 95.6%, 86.7%, 82.2%, 84.5%, respectively on the 20th day afterthe pesticides application. The control effects among avermectin, acetamiprid and pymetrozine were not significantly different, while the effects of avermectin and pymetrozine were significantly higher than that of acetamiprid on the 7th day. The control effects among avermectin, dinotefuran and pymetrozine were not significantly different, while significantly higher than that of acetamiprid on the 14th day. The control effect of avermectin was significantly higher than that of dinotefuran, acetamiprid and pymetrozine on the 20th day. Meanwhile, the control effect of avermectin was slightly lower, higher and much higher than that of dinotefuran on the 7th, 14th, 20th day respectively after the treatment. These results indicated that the four pesticides,especiaLly biopesticide avermectin, were ideal pesticides, which could not only be used for controlling cowpea whitefly, but also realize modern, green, organic and ecological agricultural production.