Detection and Analysis of Squalene in Oil from Olive Fruits of Different Varieties and of Different Degrees of Maturity

[Objective] This study aimed to identify the difference in squalene content among different olive varieties and the law of squalene content change in the same olive variety of different degrees of maturity, with the objective to provide technical support for the harvest and processing of olive fruits. [Method] Taking 13 introduced olive varieties including three varieties of eight different grades of maturity, fat acid w3s first extracted by Soxhlet extraction and then squalene was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） method. [Result] The results showed that squalene content was the highest in CG-32, and the lowest in Leccino among the 13 olive varieties. And squalene content increased with the degree of maturity in the three olive varieties including CG-32, Frantoio and Ascolana Tenera. [Conclusion] A more simple and rapid method for the determina- tion of squatene content was established.

Extraction of the Residual Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Long-term Contaminated Soil in the Field

[Objective] The aim of this study was to find a better method to exactly quantify the residual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）in the long-term contaminated soil in the field so as to provide basis for the remediation for PAHs contaminated soil.[Method]The comparisons of soxhlet extraction,ultrasonic extraction and shaking extraction were studied in the agricultural soil irrigated with oil sewage over a long period of time.[Result]The total PAHs extracted by soxhlet extraction were the highest（6 873.7 μg/kg）,followed by shaking extraction（6 698.8 μg/kg）and ultrasonic extraction（5 737.6 μg/kg）.Among these methods,the highest extracted 4 and 6 rings PAHs were in the soxhlet extraction,the highest extracted 2 and 5 rings PAHs were in the shaking extraction,and the highest extracted 3 rings PAHs were in the ultrasonic extraction.[Conclusion]This study had provided basis for the selection of the assessment method of residual PAHs in the field soil.

泰国研制出一种新型步兵导弹

最近,泰国蒙固技术学院(北曼谷大学)工程系主任素提·阿颂吉蒂博士研制出一种“E—An”型短程便携式导弹。这是泰国自行设计制造的第一枚导弹。这种导弹装有由自动导引雷达系统控制的热制导弹头,导弹长一米、重10公斤,分为头、身、尾三部分,拆装很方便,甚至可以在阵地上临时装配使用。一个士兵一次可以同时携带两枚导弹。导弹的制导系统也很先进,弹头上装有热制导装置,由便携式雷达控制系统控制热制导装置,导弹发射后会自动追寻运动中的目标,导弹在运动中还可以由雷达控制系统根据目标调整方向,甚至可以攻击侧面或背面的目标,并可以遥控发射。

中法合建文保中心将落户成都——专访法国驻成都总领事鲁索

谈到和成都市的文化交流是否还会有深入合作时鲁索提到一个很重要的计划,就是去年中法签订一系列的合作协议,其中有一条就是在成都建立一个国家级的文保中心。"我上任之后其中的最重要的一项工作内容就是建立这个中心",鲁索先生说。

The Influence of Drying Temperature and Extraction Methods on a-Mangostin in Mangosteen Pericarp

The effects of drying temperature and extraction methods on α-mangostin content in mangosteen pericarp （Garcinia mangostana L.） powder were investigated. In the first part of experiment suitable drying temperature for retention α-mangostin content was determined. Three levels of drying temperatures （55, 65 and 75 ℃） were used in this study. The drying rates were increased with drying temperature. Room temperature extraction method was performed to investigate the effect of drying temperature on retention α-mangostin content in mangosteen pericarp. The α-mangostin content extracted at three different drying temperatures （55, 65 and 75 ℃） was 35.98 ± 0.49%, 40.32 ± 0.24%, and 37.79±0.34% w/w, respectively. The results showed that the suitable temperature for drying mangosteen pericarp was 65 ℃ that gave the highest of α-mangostin content. The second part of experiment was the comparison between extraction methods, such as shaking water bath extraction （SWE）, soxhlet extraction （SE） and microwave-assisted extraction （MAE）. The results show that MAE gave the highest extraction rate and α-mangostin content as compare to SWE and SE. The α-mangostin content extraction from SWE, SE and MAE are 45.83 ± 0.02, 34.82± 0.17 and 49.79 ± 0.15% w/w of crude extract, respectively.

Extraction of internal wave amplitude from nautical X-Band radar observations

One of the most important parameters for oceanic internal waves (IWs) is their amplitude. We have developed a method to retrieve the IW amplitude from nautical X-Band radar images based on the KdV equation for continuous stratified finite depth system. We have also tested the method of measuring the amplitude of IWs from X-Band radar backscatter image sequences acquired on June 2009 in the northeastern South China Sea. The method was applied in several radar images. Experiments show that the retrieval amplitudes are consistent with the in-situ observational amplitudes of IWs by using the towed thermistor chain and conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profile. The uncertainty of the method is also discussed.

DEAON： dynamically-evolving active overlay networks for scalable information retrieval

In this paper, we propose the dynamically-evolving active overlay network （DEAON）, which is an efficient, scalable yet simple protocol to facilitate applications of decentralized information retrieval in P2P networks. DEAON consists of three novel components ： a Desirable Topology Construction and Adaptation algorithm to guide the evolution of the overlay topology towards a small-world-like graph; a Semantic-based Neighbor Selection scheme to conduct an online neighbor ranking; a Topology-aware Intelligent Search mechanism to forward incoming queries to deliberately selected neighbors. We deploy and compare DEAON with other several existing distributed search techniques over static and dynamic environments. The results indicate that DEAON outperforms its competitors by achieving higher recall rate while using much less network resources, in both of the above environments.

Increased Browning of Woody Vegetation due to Continuous Seasonal Droughts in Yunnan Province, China

In this paper, based on the analysis of satellite measurements, the authors conclude that the continuous seasonal droughts intensify the browning of woody vegetation and that evergreen needleleaf forest(ENF) shows a larger browning percentage than other woody vegetation types over Yunnan Province. Based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) precipitation standardized anomaly, in the dry season, which is from October to March, the 2010 drought affected an area of Yunnan Province 1.77 times larger than the 2012 drought, but in the post-drought months(April to June), the browning area of all woody vegetation in 2012 was 1.11 times larger than that in 2010 on the basis of the enhanced vegetation index(EVI) standardized anomaly. The reduction of vegetation greenness over large areas of Yunnan Province represents a photosynthetic capacity loss which will have an impact on carbon fluxes to the atmosphere.

Spatial Indexing of Buildings for Disaster Management

Natural disasters not only result in financial loss but also the human lives. The failure of the existing buildings is one of the primary concerns for the damage to human lives. In order to plan a disaster free city proper planning of the buildings ＆ infrastructure along with the associated information of non-spatial attributes are needed. The present paper highlights the application of satellite imagery for feature extraction and storing the associated database in GIS environment which is useful for decision making in real time disaster management. The complete methodology is elaborated with the help of a case study for earthquake risk assessment of Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation （MIDC）, Akola, Maharashtra, India region. For the better and precise work 0.5 m. resolution imagery is utilized for extracting the buildings ＆ other infrastructure features. The structural and non-structural details of the buildings are stored as back end for possible vulnerability assessment, suitable planning and preparedness against the hazard. The extracted building features in the planned area have been given suitable weightages for Vulnerability Indexing. Based on suggested indexing approach possible retrofitting measures from the developed database can be recommended for the existing buildings in the proposed location of research. The proposed approach can further be extended for the entire infrastructure of the nation where the centralized data can be made available with Emergency Operation Centre for further planning ＆ preparedness to make the nation disaster free.

修剪欲望

放任欲望,它就会像这满坡疯长的灌木,丑陋不堪。但是,经常修剪,就能成为一道悦目的风景。曼谷的西郊有一座寺院,因为地处偏远,香火一直非常冷清。

修剪欲望

曼谷的西郊有一座寺院,因为地处偏远,香火一直非常冷清。原来的住持圆寂后,索提那克法师来到寺院做新住持。初来乍到,他绕着寺院四周巡视,发现寺院周围的山坡上到处长着灌木。那些灌木呈原生态生长,树形恣肆而张扬,

伦敦河

导演:拉契德.波查拉主演:布伦达.布莱辛索提古.库亚特萨米.鲍雅吉拉类型:剧情级别:未定评价:★★★★出品:英国/法国/阿尔及利亚(2009)公映:2009年2月10日(德国柏林国际电影节)

Comparison of microwave-assisted extraction of aloe-emodin in aloe with Soxhlet extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction

This paper reports the extraction of aloe-emodin from aloe by microwave-assisted extraction. The effects of various factors, including the solvent, the ratio （mL/g） of the solvent to the sample, microwave irradiation time and microwave power, were discussed in the experiments. The yield of aloe-emodin was determined by HPLC. The optimized conditions for micro- wave-assisted extraction of aloe-emodin were concluded as follows： the solvent is 80% ethanol （V/V） solution, microwave ir- radiation time is 3 rain and microwave power is 340 W. Additionally, HPLC fingerprint was developed for consistency evalua- tion of aloe. The similarities of 3 aloe samples obtained by microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction were more than 0.9, indicating that 3 aloe samples were consistent. Compared with Soxhlet extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave extraction is a rapid method with higher yield and less solvent consumption. Aloe samples treated by microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction were observed using transmission electronic microscopy. The micrographs provide evidence of more breakage of chloroplasts treated by micro- wave-assisted extraction as compared to Soxhlet extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction.

Speedup in adiabatic evolution based quantum algorithms

In this context,we study three different strategies to improve the time complexity of the widely used adiabatic evolution algorithms when solving a particular class of quantum search problems where both the initial and final Hamiltonians are one-dimensional projector Hamiltonians on the corresponding ground state.After some simple analysis,we find the time complexity improvement is always accompanied by the increase of some other "complexities" that should be considered.But this just gives the implication that more feasibilities can be achieved in adiabatic evolution based quantum algorithms over the circuit model,even though the equivalence between the two has been shown.In addition,we also give a rough comparison between these different models for the speedup of the problem.