In this paper, Henri Lefebvre＇s theorizations about representational space and representations of space will be employed to examine Hart Crane＇s imagination of them in The Bridge. First, according to Lefebvre, repre...In this paper, Henri Lefebvre＇s theorizations about representational space and representations of space will be employed to examine Hart Crane＇s imagination of them in The Bridge. First, according to Lefebvre, representations of space are created with violence for the purpose of accumulating capital. On the other hand, representational space is directly lived or affectively felt, opened up by inhabitants＇ imagination. In addition, Lefebvre points out that in abstract space, representational space will be invaded by representations of space. In The Bridge, Crane＇s affective experience with the Brooklyn Bridge or the subway indicates that he treats New York as a representational space. Besides, Crane expresses his concern for how capitalism has encroached on it. It would seem that Crane has followed Lefebvre＇s line of thinking in The Bridge. However, it is actually a specious analysis because both the Brooklyn Bridge and the subway are representations of space. And in this long poem, Crane feels the urban space through history, which plays a key role in creating representations of space. Thus, we can conclude that Crane is actually taking ＂a walk in between＂ in The Bridge. With his imagination, Crane has combined representations of space and representational space into his own poetic vision.展开更多
Primitive accumulation refers to during industrialization. This article argues that the early phase of development this Marxist concept implicates a deeper notion of injustice, which contains logic of linearity that c...Primitive accumulation refers to during industrialization. This article argues that the early phase of development this Marxist concept implicates a deeper notion of injustice, which contains logic of linearity that can be further dissected into a trichotomous part worthy of our discussion, namely, temporal ordering, harsh treatment, and inhumane consequences. This ＂linearity＂ as assumed in this concept, nevertheless, was not unchallenged in history. As a matter of fact, in Mao＇s era, China deliberately sought an alternative path to the capitalist mode by attending to social welfare, physical well-being and rights protection for workers. This part of history is well worth re-investigation and re-interpretation.展开更多
文摘In this paper, Henri Lefebvre＇s theorizations about representational space and representations of space will be employed to examine Hart Crane＇s imagination of them in The Bridge. First, according to Lefebvre, representations of space are created with violence for the purpose of accumulating capital. On the other hand, representational space is directly lived or affectively felt, opened up by inhabitants＇ imagination. In addition, Lefebvre points out that in abstract space, representational space will be invaded by representations of space. In The Bridge, Crane＇s affective experience with the Brooklyn Bridge or the subway indicates that he treats New York as a representational space. Besides, Crane expresses his concern for how capitalism has encroached on it. It would seem that Crane has followed Lefebvre＇s line of thinking in The Bridge. However, it is actually a specious analysis because both the Brooklyn Bridge and the subway are representations of space. And in this long poem, Crane feels the urban space through history, which plays a key role in creating representations of space. Thus, we can conclude that Crane is actually taking ＂a walk in between＂ in The Bridge. With his imagination, Crane has combined representations of space and representational space into his own poetic vision.
文摘Primitive accumulation refers to during industrialization. This article argues that the early phase of development this Marxist concept implicates a deeper notion of injustice, which contains logic of linearity that can be further dissected into a trichotomous part worthy of our discussion, namely, temporal ordering, harsh treatment, and inhumane consequences. This ＂linearity＂ as assumed in this concept, nevertheless, was not unchallenged in history. As a matter of fact, in Mao＇s era, China deliberately sought an alternative path to the capitalist mode by attending to social welfare, physical well-being and rights protection for workers. This part of history is well worth re-investigation and re-interpretation.
