分子动力学模拟计算钙钛矿型CaSiO_3解压缩过程的红外振动谱

对钙钛矿型CaSiO3从高压下解压缩变成非晶态的过程进行了分子动力学模拟,模拟所得的压力-体积关系与实验值符合较好.利用不同压力下的平衡构型计算了红外振动频谱,给出了六张振动频谱图.这些频谱图的变化与结构的变化完全一致,也与配位数的变化一致.从谱图上,观察到了非晶态出现的特征和钙钛矿型结构崩溃的迹象.多非晶形性转变是在压力非晶化后才出现的,这是一个新论点.

NH4^＋（H2O）7的稳定结构及振动谱

采用密度泛函（DFT/B3LYP）和HF方法及6-31G（d）基组对由经验势模型寻找到的NH4＋（H2O）7的200个质子化氨水团簇的可能稳定结构进行优化和频率计算,然后,在B3LYP/6-31＋G＊水平上确定了该团簇23种能量较低且无虚频的稳定结构.比较这些异构体的几何构型与能量发现,最稳定结构是网状、能量较高对称立体性结构低1-2 Kcal/mol.在3 000 cm-1-4 000cm-1频率范围,分析了这些稳定结构的红外振动谱,发现每个谱峰都由多种振动模按不同的权重叠加而成.利用所得结构,还合成了轮廓与实验谱基本相符但谱峰位置略有蓝移的理论红外振动谱.

Vibrational and Structural Dynamics of Mn（CO）sBr and Re（CO）sBr Examined Using Nonlinear Infrared Spectroscopy

Vibrational and structural dynamics of two transition metal carbonyl complexes, Mn（CO）5Br and Re（CO）5Br were examined in DMSO, using ultrafast infrared pump-probe spectroscopy, steady-state linear infrared spectroscopy and quantum chemistry computations. Two car- bonyl stretching vibrational modes （a low-frequency A1 mode and two high-frequency degenerate E modes） were used as vibrational probes. Central metal effect on the CO bond order and force constant was responsible for a larger E-A1 frequency separation and a generally more red-shifted E and A1 peaks in the Re complex than in the Mn complex. A generally broader spectral width for the A1 mode than the E mode is believed to be partially due to vibrational lifetime effect. Vibrational mode-dependent diagonal anharmonicity was observed in transient infrared spectra, with a generally smaller anharmonicity found for the E mode in both the Mn and Re complexes.

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Silica Nanotube： Structural and Vibrational Properties Under Different Temperatures

Four-, six-, and eight-membered ring silica nanotubes at temperatures from 300 K to 1600 K are relaxed by classical molecular dynamics simulations with three potential models. The simulation results indicate that the stability of the end rings of the three silica nanotubes gradually decreases with increase in temperature. The validity of the vibrational features of silica nanotubes is shown by the vibrational density of states. Infrared spectra on the silica nanotubes under different temperatures are investigated. A detailed assignment of each spectral peak to the corresponding vibrational mode of the three nanotubes has been addressed. The results are in good agreement with the other theoretical and experimental

Construction of an operando dual-beam fourier transform infrared spectrometer and its application in the observation of isobutene reactions over nano-sized HZSM-5 zeolite

An operando dual‐beam Fourier transform infrared (DB‐FTIR) spectrometer was successfully developed using a facile method. The DB‐FTIR spectrometer is suitable for the real‐time study of the dynamic surface processes involved in gas/solid heterogeneous catalysis under real reaction conditionsbecause it can simultaneously collect reference and sample spectra. The influence of gas‐phasemolecular vibration and heat irradiation at real reaction temperatures can therefore be eliminated.The DB‐FTIR spectrometer was successfully used to follow the transformation of isobutene over nano‐sized HZSM‐5 zeolite under real reaction conditions.

Development of a novel nano-biosorbent for the removal of fluoride from water

The study was designed to investigate the use of two sorbents namely(i) Fe3O4 nanoparticles immobilized in sodium alginate matrix(FNPSA) and(ii) Fe3O4 nanoparticles and saponified orange peel residue immobilized in sodium alginate matrix(FNPSOPR) as sorbents for fluoride removal from contaminated water. The synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed and characterized by dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry. The sorbent matrices were prepared in the form of beads and surface functionalized to enable enhanced sorption of fluoride ions. Batch sorption studies were carried out and the sorption isotherm and reaction kinetics were analyzed. Both the sorbents followed Langmuir model of isotherm and fitted well with Pseudo first order reaction. The maximum sorption capacity exhibited by FNPSA and FNPSOPR was58.24 mg·g-1and 80.33 mg·g-1respectively. Five sorption–desorption cycles exhibited 100%, 97.56%, 94.53%,83.21%, and 76.53% of regeneration of FNPSOPR. Accordingly, it is demonstrated that FNSOPR could be used as a promising sorbent for easy and efficient removal of fluoride from contaminated water with good reusability.The current work suggests a simple and effective method to remove fluoride from contaminated water.

Intermolecular Vibrational Energy Transfers in Melts and Solutions

Resonant and nonresonant intermolecular vibrational energy transfers in Gdm- SCN/KSCN=1/1, GdmSCN/KS^13CN=1/1 and GdmSCN/KS^13C^15N=1/1 mixed crystals in melts and in aqueous solutions are studied with the two dimensional infrared spectroscopy. The energy transfers in the samples are slower with a larger energy donor/acceptor gap, independent of the Raman spectra. The energy gap dependences of the nonresonant energy transfers cannot be described by the phonon compensation mechanism. Instead, the experi- mental energy gap dependences can be quantitatively described by the dephasing mechanism. Temperature dependences of resonant and nonresonant energy transfer rates in the melts are also consistent with the prediction of the dephasing mechanism. The series of results suggest that the dephasing mechanism can be dominant not only in solutions, but also in melts （pure liquids without solvents）, only if the molecular motions （translations and rotations） are much faster than the nonresonant energy transfer processes.

Reaction of C2HCl2＋O2： Combined TR-FTIR Spectroscopy and Electronic Structure

The product channels and mechanisms of the C2HC12＋O2 reaction are investigated by step-scan time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy and the G3MP2// B3LYP/6-311G（d,p） level of electronic structure calculations. Vibrationally excited products of HCI, CO, and CO2 are observed in the IR emission spectra and the product vibrational state distribution are determined which shows that HCI and CO are vibrationally excited with the nascent average vibrational energy estimated to be 59.8 and 51.8 kJ/mol respectively. In combination with the G3MP2//B3LYP/6-311G（d,p） calculations, the reaction mechanisms have been characterized and the energetically favorable reaction pathways have been suggested.

Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Ti＋（CO2）2Ar and Ti＋（CO2）n （n=3-7） Complexes

Ti＋（CO2）2Ar and Ti＋（CO2）n （n=3-7） complexes are produced by laser vaporization in a pulsed supersonic expansion. The ion complexes of interest are each mass-selected in a time- of-flight spectrometer, and studied with infrared photodissociation spectroscopy. For each complex, a sharp band in the CO stretching frequency region is observed, which confirms the formation of the OTi＋CO（CO2）~_l oxide-carbonyl species. Small OTi＋CO（CO2）~_1 complexes （n_〈5） exhibit CO stretching and antisymmetric CO2 stretching vibrational bands that are blue-shifted from those of free CO and CO2. The experimental observations indicate that the coordination number of CO and CO2 molecules around TiO＋ is five. Evidence is also observed for the presence of another electrostatic bonding Ti＋（CO2）2 structural isomer for the Ti＋（CO2）2Ar complex, which is characterized to have a bent OCO-Ti＋-OCO structure stabilized by argon coordination.

Structural and Vibrational Study of PCBM

The 1-（3-methoxycarbonyl） propyl-1-phenyl-（6,6）C61 （also called PCBM） is a C60 derivative widely used as an electron-acceptor in organic solar cells. To date, all the infrared spectra reported are experimental, mainly because of the calculations needed to study these structures are highly time-consuming. In this report we address for the first time the infrared spectrum calculation of PCBM with Cs symmetry by using the PW91/dnp level as implemented in the Dmol3 code. In this calculation we have found two intense peaks in the IR spectrum, that agree fairly with the 1187 and 1787 cm^-1 measured experimentally.

硫尿嘧啶特征振动的密度泛函理论分析

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP交换关联能泛函,在6-311+G(2df,2p)基组水平上,对尿嘧啶及硫尿嘧啶分子进行优化计算,发现硫尿嘧啶两个互变异构体中,硫取代7位置氧(U7S)的总能量为-20080.0636eV,硫取代3位置氧(U3S)的总能量为-20079.9896eV,U7S的总能量较小,较为稳定.在同样基组水平上对这些分子进行振动频率分析,发现尿嘧啶分子C—O健伸缩振动频率约为1770cm-1,而形成硫尿嘧啶时,与之相对应的S—O键伸缩振动频率约为1160cm-1,发生了约600cm-1的红移,且红外活性减弱.对应于该振动模式的力常数从16N·cm-1降低至3N·cm-1,折合质量由8amu降至3.8amu,力常数的减弱是产生这一振动红移的主要原因.

Temperature-dependent THz vibrational spectra of clenbuterol hydrochloride

Using the high-resolution Terahertz Time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and the standard sample pellet technique, the far-infrared vibrational spectra of clenbuterol hydrochloride (CH), a 2 -adrenergic agonist for decreasing fat deposition and enhancing protein accretion, were measured in temperature range of 77-295 K. Between 0.2 and 3.6 THz (6.6-120.0 cm-1 ), seven highly resolved spectral features, strong line-narrowing and a frequency blue-shift were observed with cooling. However, ractopamine hydrochloride, with some structural and pharmacological similarities to clenbuterol hydrochloride, showed no spectral features, indicating high sensitivity and strong specificity of THz-TDS. These results could be used for the rapid and nondestructive CH residual detection in food safety control.

Anharmonic vibrations of nucleobases: Structural basis of one-and two-dimensional infrared spectra for canonical and mismatched base pairs

Canonical Watson-Crick base pairs and four representative mismatched base pairs have been studied by quantum chemical computations. Detailed anharmonic vibrational analysis was carried out to reveal some vibrational signatures characteristic of structural aspects of the base monomers and dimers, which were well manifested in simulated 1D IR and 2D IR spectra. The degree of delocalization of the selected normal modes, represented by the potential energy distribution, was found to vary sig-nificantly from isolated bases to H-bonded dimers, and was accompanied by changes in anharmonicities of these modes. Examples are given for the generally accepted carbonyl stretching mode of base pairs appearing in the 6-m wavelength region of IR spectra.

Photodissociation of acryloyl chloride in the gas phase

The 193 nm photodissociation dynamics of CH2CHCOC1 in the gas phase has been examined with the technique of time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission （TR-FTIR） spectroscopy. Vibrationally excited photofragments of CO （v ≤ 5）, HC1 （v ≤ 6）, and C2H2 were observed and two photodissociation channels, the C-C1 fission channel and the HC1 elimina- tion channel have been identified. The vibrational and rotational state distributions of the photofragments CO and HC1 have been acquired by analyzing their fully rotationally resolved v→ v- 1 rovibrational progressions in the emission spectra, from which it has been firmly established that the mechanism involves production of HC1 via the four-center molecular elimination of CH2CHCOC1 after its internal conversion from the S1 state to the So state. In addition to the dominant C--C1 bond fission along the excited S1 state, the S1→S0 internal conversion has also been found to play an important role in the gas phase photolysis of CH2CHCOC1 as manifested by the considerable yield of HC1.