According to ancient Georgian traditional winemaking technology, the crushed grape is placed in a clay vessel （qvevri） dug in the ground, and alcoholic fermentation is carried out together with solid parts of grape ...According to ancient Georgian traditional winemaking technology, the crushed grape is placed in a clay vessel （qvevri） dug in the ground, and alcoholic fermentation is carried out together with solid parts of grape cluster （stem, skin, seeds）. Quantitative content of phenolic compounds and antiradical efficiency of Kakhethian wines were studied and findings are compared to the appropriate data of the European wines. Analysis showed Kakhethian wines to considerably surpass the European wines with regard to total phenolics compounds： 1,330-2,430 mg/L （Kakhethian white wines）, 210-468 mg/L （European white wines）, 2,898-4,416 mg/L （Kakhethian red wines）, 1,630-2,340 mg/L （European red wines）. Average value of antiradical efficiency of white and red wines of Kakhethian type was found to exceed the average value of antiradical efficiency of white and red wines of European type, by 2.3 and 1.7 times, respectively. Georgian wines in the world market are submitted in an insufficient measure, and the purpose of this work is r^v~alino their naritiv~ a,nlitie~展开更多
Oxygen plays a crucial role in oenology. The oxygen leads to changes in the chemical and sensory profile of wines. On one hand, the impact of moderate oxygen exposure of red wine has a positive effect in its colour, a...Oxygen plays a crucial role in oenology. The oxygen leads to changes in the chemical and sensory profile of wines. On one hand, the impact of moderate oxygen exposure of red wine has a positive effect in its colour, aromatic bouquet and mouth-feel properties. On the other hand, oxygen has a negative effect on white wine＇s quality, as well as the sensory and compositional levels. The purpose of this study was to quantify the dissolved oxygen in red and white wine, during different cellar operations such as racking, tartaric stabilization, filtering and bottling. The techniques that contribute most to the enrichment of oxygen in wine are： cold tartaric stabilization （2.29 mg/L, white wines）, bottling （1.38 mg/L red wines and 1.11 mg/L white wines） and bag-in-box filling （2.47 mg/L red wines; 2.22 mg/L white wines）. After identifying the most critical technical operations in wine making, preventive and corrective measures had to be taken to reduce the dissolved oxygen content of wines, as well as preventing their depreciation.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the performance and characteristics of the grapes as subsidies to the recommendation of new wine grape cultivars for the S^o Francisco Valley. An experiment was carried out in Petrolina, P...This study aimed to evaluate the performance and characteristics of the grapes as subsidies to the recommendation of new wine grape cultivars for the S^o Francisco Valley. An experiment was carried out in Petrolina, Pernambuco state, during four seasons in 2014 and 2015 and the treatments were represented by 10 cultivars and three breeding selections： Grenache, Tempranillo, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Petit Verdot and Syrah for red wines and Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and breeding selections 46, 14 and 47 for white wines. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replicates and two useful plants per plot. The following variables were evaluated： sprouting, bud fertility rate, Ravaz index, production, number of clusters, weight, length and width of cluster, weight and volume of 100 berries, soluble solids and titratable acidity. A better balance between production and vigour was obtained in Grenache, Merlot and Tempranillo cultivars, presenting values of 7.56, 6.50 and 5.93, respectively, for Ravaz index. Grenache, Chenin Blanc and Tempranillo were the most productive cultivars with average yields estimated at 10.4, 8.7 and 8.4 ton/ha/season. Selection 14 had longer, wider and less compact clusters, which can reduce clusters rottenness. The percentage of sprouting ranged from 38.13% in selection 14 to 77.6% in cv. Chenin Blanc. The average index of bud fertility was 0.79 cluster/bud, with no significant differences among cultivars. Greater potential for sugar accumulation was found in the selections 14, 46 and 47, while the titratable acidity ranged from 0.63% in cv. Merlot to 0.89% in selection 47. Grenache and Tempranillo have showed potential to obtain adequate yield and balanced vines, while Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cabemet Sauvignon, Malbec and Petit Verdot presented low yield being necessary to select clones more productive and well adapted to the tropical conditions. Further information about the quality of grapes and wines should be added to these results to allow the recommendation of new cultivars or breeding selections of wine grapes for the Sao Francisco Valley.展开更多
TOP 10 OF 20172017年度百大葡萄酒榜单前10Duckhorn Merlot Napa Valley Three Palms Vineyard 201401.2014年杜克霍恩三掌园梅洛红葡萄酒分数：95K Syrah Walla Walla Valley Powerline Estate 201402.2014年K酒庄宝兰庄园西拉红葡萄...TOP 10 OF 20172017年度百大葡萄酒榜单前10Duckhorn Merlot Napa Valley Three Palms Vineyard 201401.2014年杜克霍恩三掌园梅洛红葡萄酒分数：95K Syrah Walla Walla Valley Powerline Estate 201402.2014年K酒庄宝兰庄园西拉红葡萄酒分数：95Chateau Coutet Barsac 201403.2014年古岱酒庄贵腐甜白葡萄酒分数：96Casanova di Neri Brunello di Montalcino 201204.2012年卡萨瓦布鲁奈罗红葡萄酒分数：展开更多
文摘According to ancient Georgian traditional winemaking technology, the crushed grape is placed in a clay vessel （qvevri） dug in the ground, and alcoholic fermentation is carried out together with solid parts of grape cluster （stem, skin, seeds）. Quantitative content of phenolic compounds and antiradical efficiency of Kakhethian wines were studied and findings are compared to the appropriate data of the European wines. Analysis showed Kakhethian wines to considerably surpass the European wines with regard to total phenolics compounds： 1,330-2,430 mg/L （Kakhethian white wines）, 210-468 mg/L （European white wines）, 2,898-4,416 mg/L （Kakhethian red wines）, 1,630-2,340 mg/L （European red wines）. Average value of antiradical efficiency of white and red wines of Kakhethian type was found to exceed the average value of antiradical efficiency of white and red wines of European type, by 2.3 and 1.7 times, respectively. Georgian wines in the world market are submitted in an insufficient measure, and the purpose of this work is r^v~alino their naritiv~ a,nlitie~
文摘Oxygen plays a crucial role in oenology. The oxygen leads to changes in the chemical and sensory profile of wines. On one hand, the impact of moderate oxygen exposure of red wine has a positive effect in its colour, aromatic bouquet and mouth-feel properties. On the other hand, oxygen has a negative effect on white wine＇s quality, as well as the sensory and compositional levels. The purpose of this study was to quantify the dissolved oxygen in red and white wine, during different cellar operations such as racking, tartaric stabilization, filtering and bottling. The techniques that contribute most to the enrichment of oxygen in wine are： cold tartaric stabilization （2.29 mg/L, white wines）, bottling （1.38 mg/L red wines and 1.11 mg/L white wines） and bag-in-box filling （2.47 mg/L red wines; 2.22 mg/L white wines）. After identifying the most critical technical operations in wine making, preventive and corrective measures had to be taken to reduce the dissolved oxygen content of wines, as well as preventing their depreciation.
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the performance and characteristics of the grapes as subsidies to the recommendation of new wine grape cultivars for the S^o Francisco Valley. An experiment was carried out in Petrolina, Pernambuco state, during four seasons in 2014 and 2015 and the treatments were represented by 10 cultivars and three breeding selections： Grenache, Tempranillo, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Petit Verdot and Syrah for red wines and Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and breeding selections 46, 14 and 47 for white wines. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replicates and two useful plants per plot. The following variables were evaluated： sprouting, bud fertility rate, Ravaz index, production, number of clusters, weight, length and width of cluster, weight and volume of 100 berries, soluble solids and titratable acidity. A better balance between production and vigour was obtained in Grenache, Merlot and Tempranillo cultivars, presenting values of 7.56, 6.50 and 5.93, respectively, for Ravaz index. Grenache, Chenin Blanc and Tempranillo were the most productive cultivars with average yields estimated at 10.4, 8.7 and 8.4 ton/ha/season. Selection 14 had longer, wider and less compact clusters, which can reduce clusters rottenness. The percentage of sprouting ranged from 38.13% in selection 14 to 77.6% in cv. Chenin Blanc. The average index of bud fertility was 0.79 cluster/bud, with no significant differences among cultivars. Greater potential for sugar accumulation was found in the selections 14, 46 and 47, while the titratable acidity ranged from 0.63% in cv. Merlot to 0.89% in selection 47. Grenache and Tempranillo have showed potential to obtain adequate yield and balanced vines, while Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cabemet Sauvignon, Malbec and Petit Verdot presented low yield being necessary to select clones more productive and well adapted to the tropical conditions. Further information about the quality of grapes and wines should be added to these results to allow the recommendation of new cultivars or breeding selections of wine grapes for the Sao Francisco Valley.
文摘TOP 10 OF 20172017年度百大葡萄酒榜单前10Duckhorn Merlot Napa Valley Three Palms Vineyard 201401.2014年杜克霍恩三掌园梅洛红葡萄酒分数：95K Syrah Walla Walla Valley Powerline Estate 201402.2014年K酒庄宝兰庄园西拉红葡萄酒分数：95Chateau Coutet Barsac 201403.2014年古岱酒庄贵腐甜白葡萄酒分数：96Casanova di Neri Brunello di Montalcino 201204.2012年卡萨瓦布鲁奈罗红葡萄酒分数：
