The living morphology and infraciliature of a heterotrichous ciliate, Folliculinopsis producta (Wright, 1859) Frauré Fremiet, 1936, which was collected from the north coast of China, were investigated by in vivo ...The living morphology and infraciliature of a heterotrichous ciliate, Folliculinopsis producta (Wright, 1859) Frauré Fremiet, 1936, which was collected from the north coast of China, were investigated by in vivo observation and protargol impregnation techniques. As a new contribution, a redescription is presented: large Folliculinopsis of green to dark green in color, 800-1500 μm in size; two peristomial lobes of approximately equal size, 300-400 μm in length; adoral zone of membranelles containing about 1000 membranelles, lying along lobe margins and exhibiting two circles within buccal cavity; 50-70 somatic kineties in mid body; macronucleus miniliform, consisting of about 20 beads; lorica smooth, vase shaped, (300-500) μm×(90-130) μm in size, with 5-12 spiral ridges on neck tube; marine habitat.展开更多
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has pleiotropic actions on many neuronal populations as well as on glia. Signal transduction by CNTF requires that it bind first to CNTF R, permitting the recruitment of gp130 and L...Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has pleiotropic actions on many neuronal populations as well as on glia. Signal transduction by CNTF requires that it bind first to CNTF R, permitting the recruitment of gp130 and LIF R, forming a tripartite receptor complex. Cells that only express gp130 and LIF R, but not CNTF R are refractory to stimulation by CNTF. On many target cells CNTF only acts in the presence of its specific agonistic soluble receptors. We engineered a soluble fusion protein by linking the COOH terminus of sCNTF R to the NH 2 terminus of CNTF. Recombinant CNTF/sCNTF R fusion protein (Hyper CNTF) was successfully expressed in COS 7 cells. The apparent molecular mass of the Hyper CNTF protein was estimated from western blots to be 75 kDa. Proliferation assays of transfected BAF/3 cells in response to CNTF and Hyper CNTF were used to verify the activity of the cytokines. The proliferative results confirmed that CNTF required homodimerization of the gp130, CNTF R and LIF R receptor subunit whereas Hyper CNTF required heterodimerization of the gp130 and LIF R receptor subunit. We concluded that the fusion protein Hyper CNTF had superagonistic activity on target cells expressing gp130 and LIF R, but lacking membrane bound CNTF R.展开更多
文摘The living morphology and infraciliature of a heterotrichous ciliate, Folliculinopsis producta (Wright, 1859) Frauré Fremiet, 1936, which was collected from the north coast of China, were investigated by in vivo observation and protargol impregnation techniques. As a new contribution, a redescription is presented: large Folliculinopsis of green to dark green in color, 800-1500 μm in size; two peristomial lobes of approximately equal size, 300-400 μm in length; adoral zone of membranelles containing about 1000 membranelles, lying along lobe margins and exhibiting two circles within buccal cavity; 50-70 somatic kineties in mid body; macronucleus miniliform, consisting of about 20 beads; lorica smooth, vase shaped, (300-500) μm×(90-130) μm in size, with 5-12 spiral ridges on neck tube; marine habitat.
文摘Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has pleiotropic actions on many neuronal populations as well as on glia. Signal transduction by CNTF requires that it bind first to CNTF R, permitting the recruitment of gp130 and LIF R, forming a tripartite receptor complex. Cells that only express gp130 and LIF R, but not CNTF R are refractory to stimulation by CNTF. On many target cells CNTF only acts in the presence of its specific agonistic soluble receptors. We engineered a soluble fusion protein by linking the COOH terminus of sCNTF R to the NH 2 terminus of CNTF. Recombinant CNTF/sCNTF R fusion protein (Hyper CNTF) was successfully expressed in COS 7 cells. The apparent molecular mass of the Hyper CNTF protein was estimated from western blots to be 75 kDa. Proliferation assays of transfected BAF/3 cells in response to CNTF and Hyper CNTF were used to verify the activity of the cytokines. The proliferative results confirmed that CNTF required homodimerization of the gp130, CNTF R and LIF R receptor subunit whereas Hyper CNTF required heterodimerization of the gp130 and LIF R receptor subunit. We concluded that the fusion protein Hyper CNTF had superagonistic activity on target cells expressing gp130 and LIF R, but lacking membrane bound CNTF R.
