菠萝纤维

菠萝纤维是热带地区广泛种植的水果—菠萝的叶纤维。植株的叶片长约3～5英尺,宽约1～2英尺,与其它硬纤维植株相比,叶片显得较薄。叶片先经水沤,然后刮取纤维。纤维重量约是叶片重量的3％。 菠萝纤维的主要用途是制造缝鞋线,也可制成织物。早在19世纪,英国一家亚麻纺织厂曾用亚麻湿纺工艺将菠萝纤维纺出细纱。菲律宾有菠萝纤维织制的细布。 经过良好加工的菠萝纤维有3～4英尺长,洁白、柔软并光亮。其强度通常要比苎麻高25％,湿强更高,并且有良好的吸湿性和抗磨性。

Molecular Weight Distributions of Cotton Cellulose Treated with a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH

In last paper, the average molecular weight of a control cotton fabric and cotton fabrics treated with the polycarboxylic acid at different pH were measured. The result doesnt support the hypothesis that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depolymerization of the finished cotton fabric. In order to understand more about it, the molecular weight distributions of the control and finished cotton fabrics were measured and the reason was fund. From the ratio and the molecular weight of the low molecular part one can see that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depolymerization of the finished cotton fabrics. The phenomenon that the average molecular weights of the cotton fabric crosslinked with BTCA at different pH are almost same is attributed to that the crosslinks are not broken completely when treated with 0.5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h.

The Loss of Weight and Release of Formaldehyde in Acid Treatment of Basofil Fiber

The Basofil fiber is a new type of high-temperature fiber. Its Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) value reaches 32. It does not melt, drop down or smolder when it contacts fire. The fiber is condensed from melamine and formaldehyde into a cross-linked with methylene-ether and methylene bridge bond. This thesis discusses the change of fiber structure and performance after the acid treatment.

Measurement of the Average Molecular Weight of Cotton Cellulose Crosslinked by a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH Using Multiple Angle Light Scattering Photometer in a DMAc/LiCl Solvent System

Durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with polycarboxylic acid increases fabric wrinkle-resistance at the expense of its mechanical strength. Severe tensile strength loss is the major disadvantage for wrinkle resistant cotton fabrics.Tensile strength loss of cotton fabric crosslinked by a polycarboxylic acid can be attributed to depolymerization and crosslink of cellulose molecules. Measurement of the molecular weight of cotton fabric before and after crosslinked by polycarboxylic acids can offer a possibility of direct understanding of the depolymerization. In this research, amultiple angle laser light scattering photometer was used todetermine the absolute molecular weight of cotton fabric treated with BTCA at different pH and then hydrolyzed with 0. 5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h. The results indicate that average molecular weights of cotton fabric treated with polycarboxylic acids at different pH are almost the same.

Impacts of High Fiber Diet on Digestion and Absorption of Minerals in Growing Pigs

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding high-fiber diet （HFD） on apparent total tract digestibility （ATTD） and absorption of minerals in growing pigs. Sixteen barrows averaging 16.39 kg were randomly assigned to one of four diets after metabolic crate assignment with individual pig serving as experimental unit. Diets include： a corn-soybean meal based low-fiber diet （LFD）, as the control （CON） and 3 HFD （D1, D2 and D3）, each containing 5% sugar beet pulps and a 1：2, 1：1 and 2：1 oats to barley ratios, respectively, replacing 47% of the corn in the diet. Diets were formulated to meet nutrient requirements, however, the fiber content of the LFD was substantially lower than the average of the HFD （8.38% vs. 22.40%）. Feed allowance was limited to 10% of average body weight and fed twice/d. The study period was divided into 10 d of adjustment and 5 d of feces collection. Data collected were analyzed using SAS, GLIMMIX procedure where animals were considered random effects, and minerals were fixed. Results of the study show that digestibility of Ca in pigs fed HFD was lower （P 〈 0.05） than in pigs fed LFD. On the other hand, the apparent digestibility of P, K, Na, S and Zn in pigs fed D2 and D3 were higher （P 〈 0.05） than in pigs fed CON diet. It was also observed that digestibility of Ca, P, K, Na, S and Zn in pigs fed D1 were lower （P 〈 0.05） than in CON, D2 or D3 fed pigs. Therefore, it was concluded that while feeding HFD reduced availability of Ca, the availability of P, K, Na and S to pigs improved as the oat to barley ratio in the diet increased.

Research on the Geometry and Microstructure of the Coir Fiber

Coir fiber is derived from the coconut shells and considered to be an economical and natural material. In order to further extend its application fields,the geometry and microstructure of the coir fiber were thoroughly investigated in this research. The single fiber length measurement was carried out,and it was revealed that the length of the coir fiber was between 8 and 337 mm. Length distribution of the coir fiber was simulated by using the computer technology,and was found to be in coincidence with that of most natural fibers. The grouping measurement analysis was used to study the length-weight distribution and length-linear density distribution of the fiber. It was found that the average linear density was 27.89 tex and the linear density was between 18.265 and 70.442 tex. The length-weight distribution of the coir fiber showed a Poisson pattern,and the weight of fibers with the length between 50 and 230 mm accounted for 85.28% of the total fibers measured. In this research,scanning electron microscope (SEM) was applied to observe the morphological changes of coir fiber before and after alkali treatment;and the result shows that alkali treatment leads to the removal of lignin and pectin from both the cuticle and the inside walls,which is beneficial for the interfacial adhesion with polymer matrix in composite fabrication.

关于ISO9000质量体系标准对纺织品质量的指导作用

ISO9000质量体系标准是所有商品质量的管理指南,有普遍指导意义。我国是纺织品生产和出口大国,加入WTO后将给纺织品进一步占领国际市场带来机遇和挑战,挑战的实质就是质量的竞争;质量好价格低或同价格质量高,就能赢得市场,为了迎接挑战,国务院1996年12月24日颁布的《质量振兴纲要》中明确规定:“到2000年,主要工业产品有75％以上按国际标准或国外先进标准组织生产。