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基于SEM模型的新能源网约车用户充电行为关联因素分析 被引量:1
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作者 杨琰 殷玮川 +1 位作者 孙连英 隋宗智 《北京交通大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期39-47,共9页
针对新能源网约车用户的充电行为与个人属性、车辆属性、用户满意度等多重因素之间的复杂互动问题,运用结构方程模型(Structural Equation Modeling,SEM)详细探究各定量因素之间的影响作用,并采用关联规则挖掘技术结合定类数据和定量数... 针对新能源网约车用户的充电行为与个人属性、车辆属性、用户满意度等多重因素之间的复杂互动问题,运用结构方程模型(Structural Equation Modeling,SEM)详细探究各定量因素之间的影响作用,并采用关联规则挖掘技术结合定类数据和定量数据分析405份样本,得到用户与充电行为相关决策的具体表现形式.研究结果表明:每增加40 km的行驶里程,充电次数将平均增加0.407次;用户个人和车辆的属性反映出不同群体的充电决策差异,路径系数分别为0.336、0.159;排队时间阈值每增加1个单位,到站时间阈值平均增加0.231个单位,说明不同场景下用户可接受的时间阈值具有一致性,通过提供针对性服务可以满足不同用户的需求;新能源网约车的预估里程准确度与用户对充电设施的满意度正相关,正相关结果的统计显著性水平P值为0.273,反映了准确预估里程能力在促进新能源网约车普及中的重要性;用户对价格和服务的多样性说明市场的灵活定价机制具有潜在价值;时间和金钱在决策中的复杂权衡,反映了行为背后的复杂性和多元性.这些结果揭示了不同因素之间的复杂关联,为未来相关领域的研究提供了理论基础和实证依据. 展开更多
关键词 交通工程 用户充电行为 行为分析 结构方程模型 能源
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基于KJ-AHP法新能源网约车后排显示屏界面交互设计研究
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作者 黄睿思 《鞋类工艺与设计》 2024年第19期155-157,共3页
探索新能源网约车乘客需求,得出网约后排显示屏界面交互设计基本策略,满足用户乘车期间多样化需求,改善乘车体验。结合KJ-AHP法,运用KJ法整理网约车乘客对于后排显示屏交互需求,提出针对性网约车后排显示屏良好界面设计途径,采用AHP法... 探索新能源网约车乘客需求,得出网约后排显示屏界面交互设计基本策略,满足用户乘车期间多样化需求,改善乘车体验。结合KJ-AHP法,运用KJ法整理网约车乘客对于后排显示屏交互需求,提出针对性网约车后排显示屏良好界面设计途径,采用AHP法分析网约车用户真实需求与界面核心功能布局优化设计途径的关联排序。KJ-AHP法在汽车后排显示屏界面交互设计中具有广泛的可行性。结合定性研究和定量分析,可以有效提取目标用户的需求,以验证设计案例归纳出应用创新研究方法解决问题的策略。 展开更多
关键词 KJ-AHP法 界面设计 汽车后排显示屏 用户体验 能源
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过渡期替代能源的选择 被引量:7
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作者 韩景城 《中外能源》 CAS 2008年第4期20-23,共4页
介绍了全球能源形势的变化趋势,说明化石能源最终要被生态能源取代;分析了在这一取代过程(即过渡期)中的替代能源必须具备的3个特点;根据这3个特点对现有化石能源进行了分析,并推测了能源过渡期的跨度,指出煤炭是惟一符合过渡期替代能... 介绍了全球能源形势的变化趋势,说明化石能源最终要被生态能源取代;分析了在这一取代过程(即过渡期)中的替代能源必须具备的3个特点;根据这3个特点对现有化石能源进行了分析,并推测了能源过渡期的跨度,指出煤炭是惟一符合过渡期替代能源条件的候选对象;最后强调指出,其实在某种意义上,"节约能源"是一种巨大、廉价、优质的绿色能源。 展开更多
关键词 替代能源 过渡期 油气 煤炭节 约能源
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浅析LED照明在船舶上的应用 被引量:2
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作者 李小垣 秦利军 《电气应用》 北大核心 2013年第14期24-26,共3页
现有船舶照明基本上都是采用传统的光源——荧光灯和白炽灯。由于荧光灯和白炽灯耗电高、灯具普遍使用寿命短、灯具放热量大且安全性差。如果采用LED照明代替荧光灯和白炽灯,具有节约能源、使用寿命长、安全及环保等优点。同时,LED结构... 现有船舶照明基本上都是采用传统的光源——荧光灯和白炽灯。由于荧光灯和白炽灯耗电高、灯具普遍使用寿命短、灯具放热量大且安全性差。如果采用LED照明代替荧光灯和白炽灯,具有节约能源、使用寿命长、安全及环保等优点。同时,LED结构小巧,安装方便,无噪声,更加适合作为船用照明光源。LED照明应用到船上,投入购买成本会比传统灯具高,但通过分析计算,能够给船厂节约成本和增强市场竞争力;使船员在工作中精神集中、思维更加敏捷,还能获得更好的睡眠,减少安全事故的发生;带来可观的经济效益。 展开更多
关键词 耗电 LED节 约能源 环保 安全
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A SDN-Based Energy Saving Strategy in Wireless Access Networks 被引量:2
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作者 PENG Hongyu WANG Weidong +2 位作者 WANG Chaowei CHEN Gang ZHANG Yinghai 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第8期132-145,共14页
This paper investigates on the base stations(BSs) sleeping control and energy saving in wireless network. The objective is to find the sleeping control and energy saving configuration between total power consumption a... This paper investigates on the base stations(BSs) sleeping control and energy saving in wireless network. The objective is to find the sleeping control and energy saving configuration between total power consumption and average video's quality. On the Software Defined Network(SDN) access network architecture, a type of sleeping control and active BSs' optimal transmitting time strategy is considered, the BS sleeps when there is no active users, and wakes up after a period of vacation time. In this paper, we study the active users grouping strategy, In order to spare more BSs into sleeping mode. Then this paper proposes an active BS transmitting time optimal strategy according to the users' Qo S. In the proposed strategy, the active BSs' transmitting time is minimized in order to save energy. This paper employs the mixed integer-programming model to present this optimization problem. Then we utilized a novel algorithm to save the energy in access networks and also meet the Qo S requirements. Both the analytical and simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively save energy in the access network BSs. 展开更多
关键词 SDN wireless access network energy efficiency MOBILITY
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High speed railway promoting development of low-carbon economy in China 被引量:2
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作者 Zhou Xinjun 《Engineering Sciences》 EI 2011年第4期71-77,共7页
Low-carbon Economy is a kind of economic developing mode which takes low energy consumption,low pollution and low discharge as its foundation. It is another important revolution of the human society after the agricult... Low-carbon Economy is a kind of economic developing mode which takes low energy consumption,low pollution and low discharge as its foundation. It is another important revolution of the human society after the agriculture civilization and industry civilization. It deals with various fields including low-carbon energy,low-carbon agriculture,low-carbon industry,low-carbon transportation and low-carbon life,etc. Among those,low-carbon transportation is one of the important contents. Since high speed railway uses electricity as driving force,it runs without discharging waste gas,and it is a kind of clean and green transportation with little dust and smoke black. Therefore,the study of the relationship between the high speed railway and low-carbon economy is becoming one of the important frontier problems that confronting the theoretic circle. With demonstration analysis and comparative analysis,this paper discusses the comparative advantages of high speed railway in terms of energy saving and environment protection,treatment of sound pollution,land saving and reduction of external cost(mainly pollution treatment cost) ,etc. compared with the other transportation modes and ordinary railway. Taking Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway as an example,the paper further demonstrates the distinctive advantages in respect of energy conservation and emission reduction. Besides,the paper also predicates the low-carbon effects after several high speed railways is put into operation in a few years. It is concluded that the development of high speed railways will meet the need of low-carbon economy and is significant for sustainable and steady development of economy and society. 展开更多
关键词 high speed railway low-carbon economy resource environment sustainable development EFFECTS
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Non-invasive glucose measuring apparatus based on conservation of energy method 被引量:1
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作者 陈真诚 金星亮 +2 位作者 朱健铭 王弟亚 张婷婷 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第6期982-986,共5页
A new non-invasive blood glucose measuring apparatus (NBGMA) made up of MSP430F149 SCM (single chip micyoco) was developed,which can measure blood glucose level (BGL) frequently,conveniently and painlessly. The hardwa... A new non-invasive blood glucose measuring apparatus (NBGMA) made up of MSP430F149 SCM (single chip micyoco) was developed,which can measure blood glucose level (BGL) frequently,conveniently and painlessly. The hardware and software of this apparatus were designed,and detecting algorithms based on conservation of energy method (COEM) were presented. According to the law of conservation of energy that the energy derived by human body equals energy consumed by metabolism,and the relationship between convection,evaporation,radiation and the BGL was established. The sensor module was designed. 20 healthy volunteers were involved in the clinical experiment. The BGL measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer (ABA) was set as the reference. Regression analysis was performed to compare the conservation of energy method with the biochemical method,using the 20 data points with blood glucose concentrations ranging from 680 to 1 100 mg/L. Reproducibility was measured for healthy fasting volunteers. The results show that the means of BGL detected by NBGMA and ANA are very close to each other,and the difference of standard deviation (SD) is 24.7 mg/L. The correlative coefficient is 0.807. The coefficient of variation (CV) is 4% at 921.6 mg/L. The resultant regression is evaluated by the Clarke error grid analysis (EGA) and all data points are included in the clinically acceptable regions (region A:100%,region B:0%). Accordingly,it is feasible to measure BGL with COEM. 展开更多
关键词 single chip non-invasive measurement blood glucose conservation of energy method
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Working principle and application of HEMS with lack of a cold source 被引量:5
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作者 Qi Ping He Manchao +1 位作者 Meng Li Chen Chen 《Mining Science and Technology》 EI CAS 2011年第3期433-438,共6页
With the increase of mining depth, the temperature of the original rock in deep mines increases. High temperature heat hazards at working surfaces and driving faces are becoming increasingly more serious. Given the pr... With the increase of mining depth, the temperature of the original rock in deep mines increases. High temperature heat hazards at working surfaces and driving faces are becoming increasingly more serious. Given the problem of mine cooling technologies at China and abroad and the actual conditions of a coal mine, we developed HEMS (High Temperature Exchange Machinery System) with inrushing mine water as the source of cold energy. Combined with the characteristics of a shortage of inrushing water in the coal mine, we proposed the Sanhejian model of HEMS with its lack of a cold source. The cooling engineer- ing construction, given the present conditions in the Sanhejian Coal Mine, consisted of two phases. In phase 1 horizontal water circulation was used as cold energy, while phase II was the geothermal utiliza- tion project. For the key equipment of HEMS-PT or HEMS-T, we provided the operational principle from theory and an actual application. Finally, we analyzed the operational effect of HEMS. After cooling, the temperature at the working face was below 30 ~C, which meets the national regulations. This system opens up new technology to solve the problem of deep mine heat hazards, which makes good sense in energy conservation and pollution reduction, improves the environment and realizes sustainable eco- nomic development. 展开更多
关键词 HEMS-PT/HEMS-Tlack of cold source Mine water inrush Horizontal water circulation
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Intrusion Detection Model Based on Incomplete Information Ga me in Wireless Mesh Networks 被引量:1
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作者 Chen Jing Du Ruiying +2 位作者 Yu Fajiang Zheng Minghui Zhang Huanguo 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2012年第10期23-32,共10页
Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have many applications in homes, schools, enterprises, and public places because of their useful characteristics, such as high bandwidth, high speed, and wide coverage. However, the sec... Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have many applications in homes, schools, enterprises, and public places because of their useful characteristics, such as high bandwidth, high speed, and wide coverage. However, the security of wireless mesh networks is a precondition for practical use. Intrusion detection is pivotal for increasing network security. Considering the energy limitations in wireless mesh networks, we adopt two types of nodes: Heavy Intrusion Detection Node (HIDN) and Light Intrusion Detection Node (LIDN). To conserve energy, the LIDN detects abnorrml behavior according to probability, while the HIDN, which has sufficient energy, is always operational. In practice, it is very difficult to acquire accurate information regarding attackers. We propose an intrusion detection model based on the incomplete inforrmtion game (ID-IIG). The ID-IIG utilizes the Harsanyi transformation and Bayesian Nash equilibrium to select the best strategies of defenders, although the exact attack probability is unknown. Thus, it can effectively direct the deployment of defenders. Through experiments, we analyze the perforrmnce of ID-IIG and verify the existence and attainability of the Bayesian Nash equilibrium. 展开更多
关键词 game theory intrusion detection model WMNS
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Cooperative wireless networks for better green services 被引量:1
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作者 Yang Yang Zhang Wuxiong +5 位作者 Hu Honglin Zhang Sihai Wang Xin Zhao Haitao Zhou Wuyang Wei Jibo 《Engineering Sciences》 EI 2011年第1期24-29,共6页
In order to guarantee the overall return on investment (ROI), improve user experience and quality of service (QoS), save energy, reduce electra magnetic interference (EMI) and radiation pollution, and enable the susta... In order to guarantee the overall return on investment (ROI), improve user experience and quality of service (QoS), save energy, reduce electra magnetic interference (EMI) and radiation pollution, and enable the sustainable deployment of new profitable applications and services in heterogeneous wireless networks coexistence reality, this paper proposes a cross-network cooperation mechanism to effectively share network resources and infrastructures, and then adaptively control and match multi-network energy distribution characteristics according to actual user/service requirements in different geographic areas. Some idle or lightly-loaded base stations (BS or BSs) will be temporally turned off for saving energy and reducing EMI. Initial simulation results show that the proposed approach can significantly improve the overall energy efficiency and QoS performance across multiple cooperative wireless networks. 展开更多
关键词 cooperative wireless networks energy efficiency radio resource management quality of service green communications
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Correction to Hawking Tunneling Radiation from Global Monopole Charged BlackHole 被引量:2
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作者 LI Hui-Ling YANG Shu-Zheng 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第1期190-192,共3页
Considering the self-gravitation and energy conservation as well as charge conservation, we extend Medved and Vagenas's quantum tunneling method to the global monopole charged black hole, and give a correction to Haw... Considering the self-gravitation and energy conservation as well as charge conservation, we extend Medved and Vagenas's quantum tunneling method to the global monopole charged black hole, and give a correction to Hawking radiation of a charged particle. 展开更多
关键词 Hawking tunneling radiation energy conservation charge conservation SELF-GRAVITATION
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A Novel Concept of AI-EV (Air-Conditioner Integrated Electric Vehicle) for the Advanced Smart Community 被引量:1
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作者 Yu Notoji Tsuguhiko Nakagawa 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2014年第11期1933-1941,共9页
In order to expand the natural energy and the energy conservation, "the smart PV (photovoltaic power generation) & EV (electric vehicle) system" has been proposed and the effect has been clarified. In the smart... In order to expand the natural energy and the energy conservation, "the smart PV (photovoltaic power generation) & EV (electric vehicle) system" has been proposed and the effect has been clarified. In the smart PV & EV system, it is important that electric vehicles become popular. Therefore, the AI-EV (air-conditioner integrated electric vehicle) has been proposed. In this paper, the AI-EV is designed based on the required car air-conditioner capacity. And, the value of AI-EV is compared with a gasoline vehicle, HV (hybrid vehicle) and EV using the mathematical simulation model As a result, it is clarified that the minimum displacement of the small-engine is 120 cc for AI-EV. In the smart PV & EV system, AI-EV can reduce CO_2 emissions by 20% almost the same as EV. Additionally, AI-EV is able to gain the cruising range more than twice as long as EV. 展开更多
关键词 Electric vehicle AIR-CONDITIONER CO_2 emissions smart community.
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Actively Dealing with Climate Change and Striving to Strengthen the Capability of Sustainable Development
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作者 Zhou Dadi Xu Huaqing 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2011年第3期21-27,共7页
Either from the perspective of the finite supply capacity of global resources and energy,or from the perspective of global environment restrictive conditions,developing countries can not repeat the old development roa... Either from the perspective of the finite supply capacity of global resources and energy,or from the perspective of global environment restrictive conditions,developing countries can not repeat the old development road of developed countries,either in view of the international pressure China is currently facing,or in view of China's own resources endowment and stages of development,we must actively face such a challenge of climate change.We must recognize that the issue of climate change may be a great restraint to the present and future eco-social development,and may also be an important driving force and new opportunity to push forward the transformation of development pattern,to take a new road of industrialization and to realize sustainable development.This demands us,on the one hand,to take the Scientific Outlook of Development as the guide to make efforts to control the emission of greenhouse gases and continuously increase the capability of adapting to climatic change,and set up the overall plan to respond to climate change of our country,and on the other hand,we should unswervingly take the road of sustainable development,save energy,optimize energy structure and strengthen biological protection in slowing and adapting to climate change. 展开更多
关键词 climate change sustainable development strategy global resources global energy Scientific Outlook of Development
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China's Voluntary Mitigation Target and Road of Low-carbon Development
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作者 He Jiankun 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2011年第2期18-27,共10页
China is going through a rapid development stage of industrialization and urbanization.Although tremendous achievements have been made in the aspects of energy conservation,improvement of energy effectiveness and deve... China is going through a rapid development stage of industrialization and urbanization.Although tremendous achievements have been made in the aspects of energy conservation,improvement of energy effectiveness and development of new and renewable energies,because of the rapid development of economy,it is difficult to change the huge total amount and fast increase of CO2 emission in the near future.China has to confront the tough challenge to address global climate change.China plans to reduce carbon intensity,that is,CO2 emissions per unit GDP,by 40 to 45% by 2020 compared with the 2005 level.It is a strategic option to coordinate domestic sustainable development with coping with global climate change on the basis of China's national circumstances,representing the core content and key measures for transforming development pattern and realizing low-carbon development.To achieve the target,more capital and technology inputs are required for energy conservation and low-carbon development during the twelfth and Thirteenth Five Year Plan period than in the Eleventh Five Year Plan period.In addition,energy conservation achieved by structural adjustment,industrial upgrading and product value-added improvement is also expected to play a greater role.Therefore,China should strengthen technological innovation,make greater efforts to transform the development pattern,take advantage of the synergistic effect of policies and measures while coping with global climate change and building a domestic tow-oriented society.China should also establish an industrial system characterized by low-carbon emission.Then China will ultimately achieve a win-win situation in both domestic sustainable development and coping with global climate change. 展开更多
关键词 climate change low-carbon economy carbon inten-sity emission reduction target
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Status in quo and future of geothermal energy in China
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作者 Zheng Xiuhua Zhao Jun Du Limeng 《Engineering Sciences》 EI 2011年第4期55-58,共4页
Energy saving and CO2 emissions reduction are critical tasks currently,and great effort has been made by Chinese government. Renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions and reduction plan in China are introduced in... Energy saving and CO2 emissions reduction are critical tasks currently,and great effort has been made by Chinese government. Renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions and reduction plan in China are introduced in this paper. Analysis is also made on present status and prospect of geothermal power generation and direct use in China respectively. Now,there is a new understanding of geothermal resources,and hot dry rock,considered as the future of geothermal resources,is likely used to generate electricity. 展开更多
关键词 geothermal energy power generation direct use status and prospect
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The Business Waste Reduction Assistance Program: A Collaborative Economic Stimulus and Energy Reduction Initiative in Northwest Ohio, USA
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作者 M. Franchetti 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering》 2011年第1期63-70,共8页
In 2005, an innovative program was formed between the local government and The University of Toledo to help improve environmental and economic conditions in Lucas County, Ohio, USA by providing no cost energy assessme... In 2005, an innovative program was formed between the local government and The University of Toledo to help improve environmental and economic conditions in Lucas County, Ohio, USA by providing no cost energy assessments to various types of organizations. Unlike the Industrial Assessment Centers, which focus on manufacturing and are funded by the Federal Government, this program demonstrates that successful partnerships can be established at the local government level to aid various types of organizations in energy conservation and cost reduction. Since 2005, the program completed ten energy assessments and identified over 143,000 kwh and 103,000 kg of CO2 for reduction. Additionally, over $12,000 has been identified as annual cost savings for Lucas County businesses. The purpose of this paper is to provide a complete overview and framework of this program so that other institutions may learn from it and adopt similar programs at the local level. A focus of this paper is a discussion of a case study that details the process and results of a typical energy assessment conducted through the project and comparison to similar programs in the US. 展开更多
关键词 Energy assessments energy conservation economic analysis
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Embedded Microcontrollers in Energy Conservation System
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作者 Bassam R. Shaer Andreas Fuchs Jhon Arango Daniel Craig 《Computer Technology and Application》 2012年第9期609-615,共7页
Energy conservation in homes has become important due to rising energy costs, increasing energy consumption, and a world-wide shift in concerns. This paper discusses an embedded home automation system that provides a ... Energy conservation in homes has become important due to rising energy costs, increasing energy consumption, and a world-wide shift in concerns. This paper discusses an embedded home automation system that provides a method for monitoring and controlling household energy consuming devices. The hardware, software and system interface means utilized for implementation are presented and the particulars of the initial prototype are detailed. 展开更多
关键词 Home automation energy conservation microprocessors.
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Electric Energy Saving
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作者 Gordana Pintar Marijana Magdic 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2014年第12期972-976,共5页
Over all fuel condition and the money we spend on the said fuel leads us to think about savings. What can we do? As individuals, we can educate our students and their family members. The easiest way to do that is to ... Over all fuel condition and the money we spend on the said fuel leads us to think about savings. What can we do? As individuals, we can educate our students and their family members. The easiest way to do that is to monitor their weekly spending for them. Together with their family members, the students have to monitor the consumption of electrical energy through three weeks. In the first week, they should spend electricity as they do everyday. During the second week they have the increase of spending of electrical energy. The third week is the saving energy week. They have to make a plan with their family members on how to save energy, for example, turning offthe lights in the empty rooms, turning offthe TV when there is no one watching it, etc.. Every week they have to note the data in kilowatts. When they acquire all the information and transform it into money they can see if it's worth saving electrical energy or not. They will see they don't have to give up the comforts of the modern life. The value of the project is in the fact that many households continue with the electrical energy saving. In fact, the number of the households is increasing. 展开更多
关键词 Electrical energy SAVING EDUCATION
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Role of Naval Architects in Ship Recycling
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作者 Sivaprasad K. Nandakumar C. G. 《Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering》 2013年第1期47-54,共8页
The paper identifies twelve elements of ship recycling recycling system. The source and items of knowledgebase for ship and highlights their respective roles and duties in a proposed ship recycling have been brought o... The paper identifies twelve elements of ship recycling recycling system. The source and items of knowledgebase for ship and highlights their respective roles and duties in a proposed ship recycling have been brought out. A new philosophy focusing clean and safe ship recycling namely design for ship recycling has been introduced based on principles such as ecofriendliness, engineering efficiency, energy conservation and ergonomics. The role of naval architects in ship recycling industry has been described based on the above factors. The paper brings out the role of naval architects in ship recycling the way it has been practiced worldwide and proposed by regulatory bodies. The authors have brought out the new concept of design for ship recycling and various aspects of it. The role of naval architects in the practice of this new design philosophy which is ready to be embraced by the maritime industry has been reiterated. 展开更多
关键词 Ship recycling naval architect knowledgebase design for ship recycling.
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Modeling and optimization of a multi-carrier renewable energy system for zero-energy consumption buildings 被引量:7
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作者 SOULEY AGBODJAN Yawovi LIU Zhi-qiang +2 位作者 WANG Jia-qiang YUE Chang LUO Zheng-yi 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第7期2330-2345,共16页
For the carbon-neutral,a multi-carrier renewable energy system(MRES),driven by the wind,solar and geothermal,was considered as an effective solution to mitigate CO2emissions and reduce energy usage in the building sec... For the carbon-neutral,a multi-carrier renewable energy system(MRES),driven by the wind,solar and geothermal,was considered as an effective solution to mitigate CO2emissions and reduce energy usage in the building sector.A proper sizing method was essential for achieving the desired 100%renewable energy system of resources.This paper presented a bi-objective optimization formulation for sizing the MRES using a constrained genetic algorithm(GA)coupled with the loss of power supply probability(LPSP)method to achieve the minimal cost of the system and the reliability of the system to the load real time requirement.An optimization App has been developed in MATLAB environment to offer a user-friendly interface and output the optimized design parameters when given the load demand.A case study of a swimming pool building was used to demonstrate the process of the proposed design method.Compared to the conventional distributed energy system,the MRES is feasible with a lower annual total cost(ATC).Additionally,the ATC decreases as the power supply reliability of the renewable system decreases.There is a decrease of 24%of the annual total cost when the power supply probability is equal to 8%compared to the baseline case with 0%power supply probability. 展开更多
关键词 multi-carrier renewable energy system constrained genetic algorithm loss of power supply probability(LPSP)method zero-energy consumption building optimal device capacity
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