摩擦纳米发电机在自驱动智能交通系统的应用研究进展

摩擦纳米发电机具有供电和高灵敏度传感的双重功能,能够在自驱动智能交通系统中发挥重要作用。综述了近年来摩擦纳米发电机在公路及铁路智能交通系统中的应用,包括车辆检测、尾气处理、振动能收集、风能收集等,分析了摩擦纳米发电机在智能交通系统应用过程中存在的挑战,展望了摩擦纳米发电机在材料、信息、电子、机械、交通等多学科交叉的发展趋势。

磁性纳米电机单电子晶体管的自旋输运特性

文章作者在研究磁性隧道结的自旋输运中引入量子点的机械振动自由度,将单电子隧穿和振动自由度耦合所导致的shuttle输运理论应用到自旋电子学中.研究结果表明,shuttle输运对自旋极化输运有很大的影响,其独特的输运性质可以用来设计自旋电子器件.文章在理论上提出具有巨磁效应的自旋阀、高性能的半导体自旋注入器以及电流的整流器.

Microscopic mechanical characteristics analysis of ultranano-crystalline diamond films

The microscopic mechanical characteristics of ultranano-crystalline diamond films which were prepared in four different atmospheres were investigated for the applications in microelectron-mechanical system（MEMS）.The loading-unloading curves and the change of modulus and hardness of samples along with depth were achieved through nanoindenter.The results show that the films which are made in atmosphere without Ar have the highest recovery of elasticity,hardness（72.9 GPa） and elastic modulus（693.7 GPa） among the samples.Meanwhile,samples fabricated at a low Ar content have higher hardness and modulus.All the results above demonstrate that atmosphere without Ar or low Ar content leads to better mechanical properties of nanodiamond films that are the candidates for applications in MEMS.

Preparation of CdSe nanocrystals in organic system and electroluminescence characteristics of the devices

CdSe nanocrystals were prepared by a colloidal chemical approach using CdO and Se powder as precursors in an organic system of TOPO/TOP, and a multilayered electroluminescence device was fabricated with CdSe as emitting layer. The results show that the photoluminescence spectra of the CdSe nanocrystals almost cover the whole visible region and the full width at half maximum （FWHM） is appropriately 200 nm. The electroluminescence spectrum of the multilayered device at different voltages was investigated. The electroluminescence intensity is enhanced with increasing operating voltage, and the CIE coordinates of the device change from （0.3,0.37） at 6 V to （0. 44,0. 46）at 20 V as the operating voltage increases,which indicates that the colors of the device could be tuned by the operatina voltage.

Self-powered systems by nanogenerators and smart MEMS by piezotronics

Developing wireless nanodevices and nanosystems is of critical importance for sensing, medical science, environmental/infrastructure monitoring, defense technology and even personal electronics. It is highly desirable for wireless devices to be self-powered without using battery, without which most of the sensor network may be impossible. The pie- zoelectric nanogenerators have the potential to serve as self-sufficient power sources for micro/nano systems. For wurtzite structures that have non-central symmetry, such as ZnO, GaN and InN, a piezoelectric potential （piezopotential） is created in the crystal by applying a strain. The nanogenerator is invented by using the piezopotential as the driving force for electrons to flow in respond to a dynamic straining of piezoelectric nanowires. A gentle straining can produce an output voltage of up to 20 - 50 V from an integrated nanogenerator. Furthermore, piezopotential in the wurtzite structure can serve as gate voltage that can effectively tune/control the charge transport across an interface/junction; electronics fabricated based on such a mechanism is coined as piezotronics, with applications in force/pressure triggercd/controlled electronic devices, sensors, logic units and memory. By using the piezotronic effect, it is showed that the optoelectronic devices fabricated using wurtzite materials can have superior performance as solar cell, photon detector and light emitting diode. Piezotronie is likely to serve as ＂mechanosensation＂ for directly interfacing biomechanieal action with silicon based technology and active flexible electronics. The paper gives a brief review about the basis of nanogenertors and piezotronics and their potential applications in smart MEMS （micro-electro-mechanical systems）.

机电组件

Y2002-63302-101 0302670超薄 MOS 电容器的退火效应=Annealing effects on ul-trathin MOS capacitors[会,英]/Ng,A.C.-H.& Xu,J.//2001 IEEE Hong Kong Electron Devices Meet-ing.—101～105(E)Y2002-63333-2244 0302671纳米电机系统中纳米级电磁机械的模拟、分析和控制=Modeling,analysis,and control of nanoscale electro-magnetic machines in nanoelectromechanical systems[会,英]/Lyshevski,S.E.& Lyshevsk,M.A.//Proceed-ings of the 2001 American Control Conference Vol.3 of6.—2244～2248(HE)0302672RF-MEMS 电感三维衬底耦合的扩展 PEEC 法分析[刊]/龙海波//电子学报.—2002,30(9).—1308～1312(C) Y2002-63302-101 0302670超薄 MOS 电容器的退火效应=Annealing effects on ul-trathin MOS capacitors[会,英]/Ng,A.C.-H.& Xu,J.//2001 IEEE Hong Kong Electron Devices Meet-ing.—101～105(E)Y2002-63333-2244 0302671纳米电机系统中纳米级电磁机械的模拟、分析和控制=Modeling,analysis,and control of nanoscale electro-magnetic machines in nanoelectromechanical systems[会,英]/Lyshevski,S.E.& Lyshevski,M.A.//Proceed-ings of the 2001 American Control Conference Vol.3 of6.—2244～2248(HE)0302672RF-MEMS 电感三维衬底耦合的扩展 PEEC 法分析[刊]/龙海波//电子学报.—2002,30(9).—1308～1312(C)0302673基于超程时间减小速率建模的电磁继电器可靠性寿命分析方法的研究[刊]/翟国富//电子器件.—2002,25(3).—301～304(L)电磁继电器触点的磨损和老化是影响继电器可靠性的重要因素之一。超程时间的减小是电磁继电器触点磨损和老化的主要表现形式。本文提出以超程时间减小速率为随机变量,建立了电磁继电器可靠性寿命分析数学模型,给出了寿命可靠度计算方法。实例计算结果表明,该模型是有效的。参6一种使用平面线圈结构的微型电磁继电器[刊]/张宇峰//电子器件.—2002,25(3).—214～219(L)本文介绍一种采用平面线圈结构的微型电磁继电器的制造工艺和理论分析。这种继电器的大小大约是4min×4mm×0.5mm,工艺比较简单,主要采用光刻、蒸镀、电镀和腐蚀牺牲层等普通的微加工技术来完成全部制作工艺。因此可以大大地降低继电器的生产成本、物理尺寸和制造的复杂性。另外,还进行了一些有关线圈通过激励电流后对活动电极产生电磁力的理论计算和仿真,利用这些结果可以对这种电磁继电器的结构和参数进行优化设计。参40302675电爆炸断路开关[刊]/龚兴根//强激光与粒子束.—2002,14(4).—577～582(E)叙述了金属导体电爆炸的物理过程,分析了金属导体电爆炸时电阻率与比作用量、压力、能量、密度、爆炸产物膨胀速度、导体电流密度及周围介质等影响因素的关系,从而确定电爆炸断路开关的一般设计原则。参90302676功率连接器故障分析与模拟[刊]/罗国平//中国邮电高校学报(英文版).—2002,9(3).—79～80(E)0302677电流监测在笼型异步电动机转子故障诊断中的应用[刊]/王旭红//长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版).—2002,17(3).—41～43(K)

Theoretical study of piezotronic heterojunction

Due to the coupling of piezoelectric and semiconducting dual properties,much attention has been focused on the piezoelectric semiconductor materials,such as ZnO,ZnS,CdS and GaN.With the usage of these piezoelectric semiconductor materials,novel nanodevices have been demonstrated,from which a new field called piezotronics was formulated.The core of piezotronics is to study the mechanism of the piezoelectric effect on tuning the charge transport behavior across various junctions or interfaces,with potential applications in sensors,microelectromechanical systems,and force/pressure triggered electric devices.Here following the theoretical frame work of piezotronic effect,analytical solutions of piezoelectric heterojunction are presented to investigate the electrical transport behavior at a p-n junction.Numerical simulation is given for guiding future experimental measurements.

Mechanism behind Unique Properties of Local Heating in Nanoscale Junctions

We investigate the unique properties of current-induced heat generation in nanojunctions,such as failed Q α I relation(where Q is the heat generation and I the current),threshold voltage required to generate heat,etc.By employing the lead-quantum dot(QD)-lead system,we find these unique properties stem from(i) the discontinuity of Fermi distribution at chemical potentials of the leads and(ii) the satellite peaks in spectral function of the QD electron,which are induced by the electron-phonon interaction.