A cost-effective,facile solution-based hot-injection synthetic route has been developed to synthesize NiSb nanoparticles in oleylamine(OAm)using commercially available inexpensive precursor with reducing toxicity at a...A cost-effective,facile solution-based hot-injection synthetic route has been developed to synthesize NiSb nanoparticles in oleylamine(OAm)using commercially available inexpensive precursor with reducing toxicity at a relatively low temperature of 160℃.Especially,an organic reductant of borane-tert-butylamine complex is intentionally involved in the reaction system to promote a fast reduction of metallic Ni and Sb for the formation of the NiSb nanoparticles.Structural characterizations reveal that the NiSb nanoparticles are hexagonal phase with space group P63/mmc and they are composed of small granules with size about 10 nm that tend to form agglomerates with porous-like geometries.This is the first report on the generation of transition metal antimonide via solution-based strategy,and the asfabricated nanoparticles possess actively electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)property in acidic electrolytes when the long-chain ligand of OAm adhered on the surface of the nanoparticles is exchanged by ligand-removal and exchange procedure.It is found that the NiSb nanoparticles as a new kind of non-noble-metal HER electrocatalysts only require overpotentials of 437 and 531 mV to achieve high current densities of 10 and 50 mA/cm^2 respectively,as well as exhibit low charge transfer resistance and excellent HER stability.展开更多
A 130 nm CMOS complementary-conducting-strip transmission line(CCS-TL)based multi-stage amplifier beyond 100 GHz was presented in this paper. Different structural parameters were investigated to achieve higher quality...A 130 nm CMOS complementary-conducting-strip transmission line(CCS-TL)based multi-stage amplifier beyond 100 GHz was presented in this paper. Different structural parameters were investigated to achieve higher quality factor for the matching circuits. Moreover, CCS-TL based Marchand balun was implemented to achieve higher output power. The measured small signal gain was higher than 5 d B from 101 GHz to 110 GHz. DC power consumption was 67.2 mW with V_D=1.2 V, and the chip size including contact PADs was 1.12 mm×0.81 mm.展开更多
The development of methods to produce nanoparticles with unique properties via the aerosol route is progressing rapidly. Typical characterization techniques extract particles from the synthesis process for subsequent ...The development of methods to produce nanoparticles with unique properties via the aerosol route is progressing rapidly. Typical characterization techniques extract particles from the synthesis process for subsequent offiine analysis, which may alter the particle characteristics. In this work, we use laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry （LV-AMS） with 70-eV electron ionization for real-time, in-situ nanoparticle characterization. The particle characteristics are examined for various aerosol synthesis methods, degrees of sintering, and for controlled condensation of organic material to simulate surface coating/functionalization. The LV-AMS is used to characterize several types of metal nanoparticles （Ag, Au, Pd, PdAg, Fe, Ni, and Cu）. The degree of oxidation of the Fe and Ni nanoparticles is found to increase with increased sintering temperature, while the surface organic-impurity content of the metal particles decreases with increased sintering temperature. For aggregate metal particles, the organic-impurity content is found to be similar to that of a monolayer. By comparing different equivalent-diameter measurements, we demonstrate that the LV-AMS can be used in tandem with a differential mobility analyzer to determine the compactness of synthesized metal particles, both during sintering and during material addition for surface functionalization. Further, materials supplied to the particle production line downstream of the particle generators are found to reach the generators as contaminants. The capacity for such in-situ observations is important, as it facilitates rapid response to undesired behavior within the particle production process. This study demonstrates the utility of real-time, in-situ aerosol mass spectrometric measurements to characterize metal nanoparticles obtained directly from the synthesis process line, including their chemical composition, shape, and contamination, providing the potential for effective optimization of process operating parameters.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21571166 and No.51271173)
文摘A cost-effective,facile solution-based hot-injection synthetic route has been developed to synthesize NiSb nanoparticles in oleylamine(OAm)using commercially available inexpensive precursor with reducing toxicity at a relatively low temperature of 160℃.Especially,an organic reductant of borane-tert-butylamine complex is intentionally involved in the reaction system to promote a fast reduction of metallic Ni and Sb for the formation of the NiSb nanoparticles.Structural characterizations reveal that the NiSb nanoparticles are hexagonal phase with space group P63/mmc and they are composed of small granules with size about 10 nm that tend to form agglomerates with porous-like geometries.This is the first report on the generation of transition metal antimonide via solution-based strategy,and the asfabricated nanoparticles possess actively electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)property in acidic electrolytes when the long-chain ligand of OAm adhered on the surface of the nanoparticles is exchanged by ligand-removal and exchange procedure.It is found that the NiSb nanoparticles as a new kind of non-noble-metal HER electrocatalysts only require overpotentials of 437 and 531 mV to achieve high current densities of 10 and 50 mA/cm^2 respectively,as well as exhibit low charge transfer resistance and excellent HER stability.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(“863”ProgramNo.2015AA01A703)
文摘A 130 nm CMOS complementary-conducting-strip transmission line(CCS-TL)based multi-stage amplifier beyond 100 GHz was presented in this paper. Different structural parameters were investigated to achieve higher quality factor for the matching circuits. Moreover, CCS-TL based Marchand balun was implemented to achieve higher output power. The measured small signal gain was higher than 5 d B from 101 GHz to 110 GHz. DC power consumption was 67.2 mW with V_D=1.2 V, and the chip size including contact PADs was 1.12 mm×0.81 mm.
文摘The development of methods to produce nanoparticles with unique properties via the aerosol route is progressing rapidly. Typical characterization techniques extract particles from the synthesis process for subsequent offiine analysis, which may alter the particle characteristics. In this work, we use laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry （LV-AMS） with 70-eV electron ionization for real-time, in-situ nanoparticle characterization. The particle characteristics are examined for various aerosol synthesis methods, degrees of sintering, and for controlled condensation of organic material to simulate surface coating/functionalization. The LV-AMS is used to characterize several types of metal nanoparticles （Ag, Au, Pd, PdAg, Fe, Ni, and Cu）. The degree of oxidation of the Fe and Ni nanoparticles is found to increase with increased sintering temperature, while the surface organic-impurity content of the metal particles decreases with increased sintering temperature. For aggregate metal particles, the organic-impurity content is found to be similar to that of a monolayer. By comparing different equivalent-diameter measurements, we demonstrate that the LV-AMS can be used in tandem with a differential mobility analyzer to determine the compactness of synthesized metal particles, both during sintering and during material addition for surface functionalization. Further, materials supplied to the particle production line downstream of the particle generators are found to reach the generators as contaminants. The capacity for such in-situ observations is important, as it facilitates rapid response to undesired behavior within the particle production process. This study demonstrates the utility of real-time, in-situ aerosol mass spectrometric measurements to characterize metal nanoparticles obtained directly from the synthesis process line, including their chemical composition, shape, and contamination, providing the potential for effective optimization of process operating parameters.
