A study of the effects of the pulp nature on desulphurization and de-ashing during high-sulfur coal flotation is described in this paper. Highlighted are the use of a solution oxygen gauge, a pH value gauge and a surf...A study of the effects of the pulp nature on desulphurization and de-ashing during high-sulfur coal flotation is described in this paper. Highlighted are the use of a solution oxygen gauge, a pH value gauge and a surface tension gauge to investigate changes in the pulp nature related to changes in the oxygen content, the pH value and the interfacial tension. The temperature be- fore and after ultrasonic conditioning was also investigated. The results showed that ultrasonic conditioning resulted in a decrease in the oxygen content and the interracial tension and an increase in the pH value and the temperature of the pulp. The perfect index of flotation and the perfect index of desulphurization of fine coal increased by 25.19% and 18.03%, respectively, after the pulp was ultrasonically conditioned. This study shows that ultrasonic conditioning can change the pulp nature and enhance the degree of desulphurization during high-sulfur coal flotation.展开更多
In the global context, the relationship between human beings and nature has been discussed in various fields of study. This paper introduced three of the important challenges in this relationship, which have, thus far...In the global context, the relationship between human beings and nature has been discussed in various fields of study. This paper introduced three of the important challenges in this relationship, which have, thus far, been only partially or implicitly acknowledged in design and planning. The aim was to elucidate the key disregarded and neglected aspects in the human-nature relationship that need to be considered in different phases of the design and planning of future projects. This paper will thus inform the designers and planners about the previously overlooked but important challenges in the human-nature relationship, which must be moved to the foreground of the design and planning processes. These challenges include the definition of the term “nature”, the reciprocal effects among scales and adhering to or going beyond environmental sustainability. As the main conclusion, the paper shows how these challenges can improve the mutually supportive interaction between human beings and nature in the field of design and planning. Specifically speaking, the paper discussed how to convert the overlooked challenges in the human-nature relationship into potentials in the design and planning process. The main applied methods for this paper were a review of the related literature and the appropriate analysis.展开更多
Hardwoods are important raw material for making pulp and paper products. Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a fast-growing hardwood species with a wide distribution in Iran and can be introduced as appropriatematerial to com...Hardwoods are important raw material for making pulp and paper products. Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a fast-growing hardwood species with a wide distribution in Iran and can be introduced as appropriatematerial to compensate the wood shortages of the natural forest. Kraft pulping was performed under different cooking conditions and, based on the relations of pulp yield and kappa number, bleachable kraft pulp at screened yield of 43.3% and kappa number of 31.3 was selected for DED （Chlorine Dioxide-Alkaline Extraction-Chlorine Dioxide） bleaching and its bleachability was studied at different kappa factor in D~ stage. The results indicated that the bleachable kraft pulp from this species has high kappa number at acceptable screened yield and to complete the delignification in the bleaching process, higher kappa factor may be needed in DED bleaching sequence. The main reduction in final kappa number and yield loss were observed at kappa factor level of 0.2 but by further increase in kappa factor up to 0.4, more development were observed in optical properties but at lower opacity.展开更多
A novel disposable paper-based bipolar electrode （BPE） array is fabricated for multiplexed electrochemiluminescence （ECL） detection of pathogenic DNAs. This proposed BPE array device consists of 15 units, each con...A novel disposable paper-based bipolar electrode （BPE） array is fabricated for multiplexed electrochemiluminescence （ECL） detection of pathogenic DNAs. This proposed BPE array device consists of 15 units, each consisting of six sensing cells and two reporting cells patterned using hydrophobic wax. A hairpin structure DNA assembled on the cathodes of BPEs hybridizes with Pt nanoparticles （NPs） labeled probe DNA in the presence of complementary target DNA. The introduction of Pt NPs catalyzes the reduction of dissolved 02 at cathodes and induces an enhanced ECL signal from Ru（bpy）32＋/tripropylamine （TPrA） at the anodes of BPEs. The dissolved 02 lost in reduction reaction could be promptly replenished due to the relatively large contact area of the paper-based cells with air, which ensures the stability of ECL signal. This obtained paper-based BPE array sensor showed excellent performances for the multiplexed analysis of the syphilis （Treponema pallidum） gene, the immunodeficiency virus gene （HIV） and hepatitis B virus gene （HBV）.展开更多
基金Projects 50274036 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China11531Z02 by the Educational Committee of Heilongjiang Province2009RFXXG030 by the Special Foundation of Harbin Bureau of Science and Technology
文摘A study of the effects of the pulp nature on desulphurization and de-ashing during high-sulfur coal flotation is described in this paper. Highlighted are the use of a solution oxygen gauge, a pH value gauge and a surface tension gauge to investigate changes in the pulp nature related to changes in the oxygen content, the pH value and the interfacial tension. The temperature be- fore and after ultrasonic conditioning was also investigated. The results showed that ultrasonic conditioning resulted in a decrease in the oxygen content and the interracial tension and an increase in the pH value and the temperature of the pulp. The perfect index of flotation and the perfect index of desulphurization of fine coal increased by 25.19% and 18.03%, respectively, after the pulp was ultrasonically conditioned. This study shows that ultrasonic conditioning can change the pulp nature and enhance the degree of desulphurization during high-sulfur coal flotation.
文摘In the global context, the relationship between human beings and nature has been discussed in various fields of study. This paper introduced three of the important challenges in this relationship, which have, thus far, been only partially or implicitly acknowledged in design and planning. The aim was to elucidate the key disregarded and neglected aspects in the human-nature relationship that need to be considered in different phases of the design and planning of future projects. This paper will thus inform the designers and planners about the previously overlooked but important challenges in the human-nature relationship, which must be moved to the foreground of the design and planning processes. These challenges include the definition of the term “nature”, the reciprocal effects among scales and adhering to or going beyond environmental sustainability. As the main conclusion, the paper shows how these challenges can improve the mutually supportive interaction between human beings and nature in the field of design and planning. Specifically speaking, the paper discussed how to convert the overlooked challenges in the human-nature relationship into potentials in the design and planning process. The main applied methods for this paper were a review of the related literature and the appropriate analysis.
文摘Hardwoods are important raw material for making pulp and paper products. Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a fast-growing hardwood species with a wide distribution in Iran and can be introduced as appropriatematerial to compensate the wood shortages of the natural forest. Kraft pulping was performed under different cooking conditions and, based on the relations of pulp yield and kappa number, bleachable kraft pulp at screened yield of 43.3% and kappa number of 31.3 was selected for DED （Chlorine Dioxide-Alkaline Extraction-Chlorine Dioxide） bleaching and its bleachability was studied at different kappa factor in D~ stage. The results indicated that the bleachable kraft pulp from this species has high kappa number at acceptable screened yield and to complete the delignification in the bleaching process, higher kappa factor may be needed in DED bleaching sequence. The main reduction in final kappa number and yield loss were observed at kappa factor level of 0.2 but by further increase in kappa factor up to 0.4, more development were observed in optical properties but at lower opacity.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB932600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21327902,21475058,21121091)
文摘A novel disposable paper-based bipolar electrode （BPE） array is fabricated for multiplexed electrochemiluminescence （ECL） detection of pathogenic DNAs. This proposed BPE array device consists of 15 units, each consisting of six sensing cells and two reporting cells patterned using hydrophobic wax. A hairpin structure DNA assembled on the cathodes of BPEs hybridizes with Pt nanoparticles （NPs） labeled probe DNA in the presence of complementary target DNA. The introduction of Pt NPs catalyzes the reduction of dissolved 02 at cathodes and induces an enhanced ECL signal from Ru（bpy）32＋/tripropylamine （TPrA） at the anodes of BPEs. The dissolved 02 lost in reduction reaction could be promptly replenished due to the relatively large contact area of the paper-based cells with air, which ensures the stability of ECL signal. This obtained paper-based BPE array sensor showed excellent performances for the multiplexed analysis of the syphilis （Treponema pallidum） gene, the immunodeficiency virus gene （HIV） and hepatitis B virus gene （HBV）.
