Nettle plants widely exist in China, but up to now there is no research regarding Chinese nettle fiber properties, especially about its spinnability. This paper has studied the properties of Chinese nettle fiber and i...Nettle plants widely exist in China, but up to now there is no research regarding Chinese nettle fiber properties, especially about its spinnability. This paper has studied the properties of Chinese nettle fiber and its spinnability. The research results show that the average length of nettle fiber is about 34 mm, the nettle fiber fineness ranging from 0.589 to 0.769 tex. Nettle fiber has high breaking strength, low breaking extension and high initial modulus. Both the biochemical method and chemical method can meet the requirement of nettle degumming, with the residual being less than 4%. Nettle fiber can be utilised as textile material and can be spun in rotor-spinning machines after well degummed.展开更多
From the early 1960s to late 1980s, the Kenyan cotton growing industry played a vital role in the Kenyan economy in terms of provision of employment and creation of wealth in the rural areas. It also played a central ...From the early 1960s to late 1980s, the Kenyan cotton growing industry played a vital role in the Kenyan economy in terms of provision of employment and creation of wealth in the rural areas. It also played a central role in the textile industry which was thriving during the above mentioned period. Over the years, cotton production in Kenya has fallen steadily, such that by the year 2000, the country experienced a severe cotton fiber deficit. This study was undertaken to investigate the trend of the cotton growing industry in Kenya. Selected aspects of the industry like cost of production, cotton seed distribution, the operation of cotton gins and the quality of cotton lint were considered. Kohonen Self Organizing Maps （SOM） and K-means clustering techniques were used in data analysis. The results of this study show that Kenyan cotton farmers produced seed cotton at a break-even price of US $ 0.31 per kilogram, while the price offered was US $ 0.29 per kilogram.展开更多
In the Tibet ancient buildings, there are large amounts of combustible decorative textiles that pose great potential fire hazards. Some typical textile samples were collected from the Potala Palace. Their combustion p...In the Tibet ancient buildings, there are large amounts of combustible decorative textiles that pose great potential fire hazards. Some typical textile samples were collected from the Potala Palace. Their combustion properties were analyzed by UL 94 Vertical Burning test and Limiting Oxygen Index test. The effects of plateau climate on combustion properties, an important fact required to be considered in the flame retarding design for combustible textiles, were preliminarily compared via test data in the plain and those in the plateau. Based on the foregoing analyses, some thoughts were presented on the clean and feasible flame retarding means for the decorative textiles due to their special applications in Tibet, in ancient buildings and in plateau climate. The fire resistance, weather resistance, UV resistance, endurance, ornamentation and religious performances for these textiles must be taken into considerations comprehensively in the designs.展开更多
The effects of inclined water jets on bicomponent hydroentangled fabrics were investigated. The PET/COPET and PA6/PET hydroentangled fabrics were made by using designed inclined water jet apparatus. Effects of basis w...The effects of inclined water jets on bicomponent hydroentangled fabrics were investigated. The PET/COPET and PA6/PET hydroentangled fabrics were made by using designed inclined water jet apparatus. Effects of basis weight, water jets inclination angle and water jet pressure were discussed. The comparison was made on the average tensile strength of fabrics made by perpendicular water jets （0^o inclination angle） and inclined water jets of 20^o with pressure levels of 3 bars and 7 bars. It was found that increases of water jet pressure, the fabrics tensile strength were increased. Furthermore, increases of water jets inclination angle, fabric tensile strength of 60 g/m^2 fabrics decreased while for 100 g/m^2 fabrics tensile strength increased.展开更多
In this paper, the aerobic metabolism mechanism of Aspergillus Niger （AS 3.3 50 ）, which is the most suitable bacteria for degumming kenaf fiber, is expounded, and macromolecular structure of pectin is also analyzed...In this paper, the aerobic metabolism mechanism of Aspergillus Niger （AS 3.3 50 ）, which is the most suitable bacteria for degumming kenaf fiber, is expounded, and macromolecular structure of pectin is also analyzed. The fracture position of the macromolecular chain of kenaf pectin and its outgrowth structure, affected by Endo-PG and Exo-PG are secreted by AS 3. 350 and explored in molecule scale. The optimal value of degumming parameters are fixed： temperature 34 - 36℃, time 48 - 50 h, pH 6.5 - 7.5. Compared with kenaf fibers obtained by natural method, the ones deguntmed by bio-enzymatic method possess of smoother surface, .better. Separation, less impairment and higher strength with. residual pectin percentage of 14.5 %.展开更多
The M/G values of different sodium alginate were studied by means of H-NMR. The alginate fiber was prepared via wet-spinning technology. The effects of M/G, the concentration of sodium-alginate, the concentration of ...The M/G values of different sodium alginate were studied by means of H-NMR. The alginate fiber was prepared via wet-spinning technology. The effects of M/G, the concentration of sodium-alginate, the concentration of the coagulation bath and coagulating time on the absorptive ability of alginate fiber were discussed. The results show that the absorptive ability to different substances varies in such order： physiological saline 〉 blood 〉 tap water 〉distilled water. The absorptive ability of the alginate fiber increases with the increase of M/G value and the concentration of sodium-alginate. Gradually increasing the concntration of coagulation bath, it increases until the concentration is up to 5%. However, it reduces with lasting coagulating tine.展开更多
Nonwovens are fiber materials which are based on nonwoven technologies. For the complexity and randomness of nonwovens morphologic structures, it is difficult to express them effectively using classical method. Fracta...Nonwovens are fiber materials which are based on nonwoven technologies. For the complexity and randomness of nonwovens morphologic structures, it is difficult to express them effectively using classical method. Fractal geometry gives us a new idea and a powerful tool to study on irregularity of geometric objects. Therefore, we studied on the pore size, pore shape, pore size distribution and fiber orientation distribution of real nonwovens using fractal geometry combined with computer image analysis to evaluate nonwovens’ morphologic structures.展开更多
A flexible electronic shogging system was presented based on rotary type servo motor, which aimed to improve the dynamic response of the shogging drive and decrease the impact of the guide bar during the higher speed ...A flexible electronic shogging system was presented based on rotary type servo motor, which aimed to improve the dynamic response of the shogging drive and decrease the impact of the guide bar during the higher speed running of warp.knitting machine. In this system, the speed control mode, faster response servo motor, no-flat modified trapezoid motion law, and its electronic cam were chosen; the realization standard and method were also introduced in details. The speed response curves of loaded motor indicated that the system could satisfy the technology requirements of high-speed warp- knitting machine which run at the speed of 1 000 r/min in the experiments, and the vibration curves showed that the guide bar had weaker mechanical impact and higher dynamic response characteristics. The results indicated that the flexible electronic shogging system designed following the previous step was successful, and the design principle of the electronic shngging was testified validly.展开更多
The wide application of new information and communication technologies(ICTs)has been argued to be critical in local economic development,while the application of new ICTs will affect the development of industrial clus...The wide application of new information and communication technologies(ICTs)has been argued to be critical in local economic development,while the application of new ICTs will affect the development of industrial cluster,especially those small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs).This paper examines Yangxunqiao textile cluster located in Zhejiang Province as a case study to focus on the role of ICTs in the sustainable development.We argue ICTs application in firms boost flexible and customized production approach,improve e-commerce market channel and raise supply chain management.We also pay special attention to the spatial implication of ICTs adoption in industrial cluster,and suggest that application of ICTs tend to lead to further clustering of SMEs in the location with mature production chain.Our analysis shows that new ICTs are a facilitator in the sustainable development of the industrial cluster.展开更多
In order to find the effect of state device installed on a carding machine on card sliver quality, card slivers produced in conditions of different voltages and gauges were tested by USTER AFIS. The results show that,...In order to find the effect of state device installed on a carding machine on card sliver quality, card slivers produced in conditions of different voltages and gauges were tested by USTER AFIS. The results show that, when the gauge is 1 nun, most parameters of card sliver quality are better when voltage is 600 V than those when no voltage is applied. The contents of nep, trash, visible foreign matter （VFM） and short fiber content by number （SFCn）, short fiber content by weight （SFCw）, immature fiber content （IFC） of card sliver decrease by 5.9%, 16.7%, 12.5%, 5.3%, 4.8% and 1.6%, respectively, but seed coat nep （SCN） content of card sliver doesn＇t decrease. When the electrostatic plate gauge is 2 mm and electrostatic voltage is 4000 V, the removal efficiency of neps and SCN is remarkable, decreasing by 8.7% and 25% respectively. Card sliver quality is hardly improved under any voltage when the gauge between electrostatic plate and cylinder is 3mm.展开更多
Nanoscale titanium dioxide functional films were prepared on the surface of the cotton woven fabric and the polyester knitted fabric at room temperature by Radio Frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering process. The surf...Nanoscale titanium dioxide functional films were prepared on the surface of the cotton woven fabric and the polyester knitted fabric at room temperature by Radio Frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering process. The surface microstructure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Photocatalytic property of two treated fabrics was tested in solar and ultraviolet （UV） radiation respectively, and their photocatalytic activity was compared. The results showed that the nanoscale titanium dioxide deposited on the surface of the treated fabrics was at different anastasia phase. The treated fabrics have excellent photocatalytic property, and after 30 launderings, the photocatalytic activity still maintained at a high level. Also, it indicated that the photocatalytic activity of the treated fabrics in UV radiation was higher than in solar radiation, but the effect wasn＇t very distinct. And at the same experimental magnetron sputtering parameters, the cotton coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide showed better performance than the polyester fabric coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide in terms of the photocatalytic property.展开更多
To expand the past and present colour concept and reinvent fabric design methods, happening colour is used as a kind of new colour concept and form to design and analyse the resource of colour. With the aid of sophist...To expand the past and present colour concept and reinvent fabric design methods, happening colour is used as a kind of new colour concept and form to design and analyse the resource of colour. With the aid of sophisticated computer software and advanced digital printing machines, happening colour allows images of considerable complication and intricacy to be designed and produced in modern fabric design by various arrangement of printing colours, which also allows further shifts of colour emphasis of the different visual and psychogenic recept.展开更多
Cellulose pulps were directly dissolved in a green solvent of sodium hydrate/urea/thiourea/water with different composition for the purpose to prepare new regenerated cellulose fibers or films. The results showed that...Cellulose pulps were directly dissolved in a green solvent of sodium hydrate/urea/thiourea/water with different composition for the purpose to prepare new regenerated cellulose fibers or films. The results showed that the highest solubility of cellulose in the solvent with the composition of 8/8/6.5/77.5. The results revealed that the pulp feeding sequence, stirring rate, pre-treatment of pulp and pulp size affected the cellulose concentration in the green solvent. Accordingly, the more effective dissolution method was proposed in order to get higher concentration of cellulose. Furthermore, the properties of solution prepared by different kinds of pulps in the solvent were investigated by ARES rheometer. Rheologieal analyses indicated that all cellulose aqueous solutions in their high concentration were pseudoplastic fluids and sensitive to temperature and tended to transform to gel when temperature increased.展开更多
An important property of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns is their water transport property. In the paper, two water transport models of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns were developed to inv...An important property of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns is their water transport property. In the paper, two water transport models of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns were developed to investigate the influence factors on their wicking rate. In parallel Column Pores Model, wicking rate is determined by the equivalent capillary radius R and length of the capillary tube L. In Pellets Accumulation Model, wicking rate is decided by the capillary radius r and length of the fiber unit assemble L0.展开更多
Three-dimensional Rotational Microscopy was used to take the photos of the fabrics. Three categories of yarn appearance diameters in the worsted fabrics were discussed. The fabrics were grouped into two to explore the...Three-dimensional Rotational Microscopy was used to take the photos of the fabrics. Three categories of yarn appearance diameters in the worsted fabrics were discussed. The fabrics were grouped into two to explore the relationships between yam appearance diameters at the interlacing points, opening points, and the calculated yam diameters. The correlations between the appearance diameters and fabric parameters were given, and the results showed that the calculated yam diameter and warp cover factor had a very big influence on yam appearance diameter. The equations expressing the relationship between yam appearance diameters and fabric parameters are established using step-regression method. The validation of the equations for one type of fabrics shows a good accuracy with the average error below 9% except the weft fdaments exceeding 22%.展开更多
This paper advances a new concept of textile-meltglue cloth, and introduces the readers to the basic principle of melt-glue cloth. On the basis of melt spinning, the spinneret can be replaced by a spinning device that...This paper advances a new concept of textile-meltglue cloth, and introduces the readers to the basic principle of melt-glue cloth. On the basis of melt spinning, the spinneret can be replaced by a spinning device that consists of an outer spinneret (a loop)and an inner spinneret ( a round plate), and between them there is an interval circle on which the centers of the holes are evenly distributed. When the machine is running, the outer spinneret (or the inner one) is fixed, the inner spinneret (or the outer one)is spinning, and a columnar net will be obtained.Then it will be excided with the help of a cutter in transporting it. Finally the once-forming melt-glue cloth will be produced. Compared with the traditional woven fabric, melt-glue cloth has a lot of special features and a bright future of application.展开更多
基金The preparation and publication of this paper is supported by the Doctorate Foundation of Xi an University of Engineering Science andTechnology
文摘Nettle plants widely exist in China, but up to now there is no research regarding Chinese nettle fiber properties, especially about its spinnability. This paper has studied the properties of Chinese nettle fiber and its spinnability. The research results show that the average length of nettle fiber is about 34 mm, the nettle fiber fineness ranging from 0.589 to 0.769 tex. Nettle fiber has high breaking strength, low breaking extension and high initial modulus. Both the biochemical method and chemical method can meet the requirement of nettle degumming, with the residual being less than 4%. Nettle fiber can be utilised as textile material and can be spun in rotor-spinning machines after well degummed.
文摘From the early 1960s to late 1980s, the Kenyan cotton growing industry played a vital role in the Kenyan economy in terms of provision of employment and creation of wealth in the rural areas. It also played a central role in the textile industry which was thriving during the above mentioned period. Over the years, cotton production in Kenya has fallen steadily, such that by the year 2000, the country experienced a severe cotton fiber deficit. This study was undertaken to investigate the trend of the cotton growing industry in Kenya. Selected aspects of the industry like cost of production, cotton seed distribution, the operation of cotton gins and the quality of cotton lint were considered. Kohonen Self Organizing Maps （SOM） and K-means clustering techniques were used in data analysis. The results of this study show that Kenyan cotton farmers produced seed cotton at a break-even price of US $ 0.31 per kilogram, while the price offered was US $ 0.29 per kilogram.
文摘In the Tibet ancient buildings, there are large amounts of combustible decorative textiles that pose great potential fire hazards. Some typical textile samples were collected from the Potala Palace. Their combustion properties were analyzed by UL 94 Vertical Burning test and Limiting Oxygen Index test. The effects of plateau climate on combustion properties, an important fact required to be considered in the flame retarding design for combustible textiles, were preliminarily compared via test data in the plain and those in the plateau. Based on the foregoing analyses, some thoughts were presented on the clean and feasible flame retarding means for the decorative textiles due to their special applications in Tibet, in ancient buildings and in plateau climate. The fire resistance, weather resistance, UV resistance, endurance, ornamentation and religious performances for these textiles must be taken into considerations comprehensively in the designs.
文摘The effects of inclined water jets on bicomponent hydroentangled fabrics were investigated. The PET/COPET and PA6/PET hydroentangled fabrics were made by using designed inclined water jet apparatus. Effects of basis weight, water jets inclination angle and water jet pressure were discussed. The comparison was made on the average tensile strength of fabrics made by perpendicular water jets （0^o inclination angle） and inclined water jets of 20^o with pressure levels of 3 bars and 7 bars. It was found that increases of water jet pressure, the fabrics tensile strength were increased. Furthermore, increases of water jets inclination angle, fabric tensile strength of 60 g/m^2 fabrics decreased while for 100 g/m^2 fabrics tensile strength increased.
基金Ministry of Education(No.03028)Fund Item of Liaoning Province(No.2050866)
文摘In this paper, the aerobic metabolism mechanism of Aspergillus Niger （AS 3.3 50 ）, which is the most suitable bacteria for degumming kenaf fiber, is expounded, and macromolecular structure of pectin is also analyzed. The fracture position of the macromolecular chain of kenaf pectin and its outgrowth structure, affected by Endo-PG and Exo-PG are secreted by AS 3. 350 and explored in molecule scale. The optimal value of degumming parameters are fixed： temperature 34 - 36℃, time 48 - 50 h, pH 6.5 - 7.5. Compared with kenaf fibers obtained by natural method, the ones deguntmed by bio-enzymatic method possess of smoother surface, .better. Separation, less impairment and higher strength with. residual pectin percentage of 14.5 %.
基金The Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No. 20061065002)The Research on Science and Technology Item of Shandong Province (No. 2006GG3205005)
文摘The M/G values of different sodium alginate were studied by means of H-NMR. The alginate fiber was prepared via wet-spinning technology. The effects of M/G, the concentration of sodium-alginate, the concentration of the coagulation bath and coagulating time on the absorptive ability of alginate fiber were discussed. The results show that the absorptive ability to different substances varies in such order： physiological saline 〉 blood 〉 tap water 〉distilled water. The absorptive ability of the alginate fiber increases with the increase of M/G value and the concentration of sodium-alginate. Gradually increasing the concntration of coagulation bath, it increases until the concentration is up to 5%. However, it reduces with lasting coagulating tine.
文摘Nonwovens are fiber materials which are based on nonwoven technologies. For the complexity and randomness of nonwovens morphologic structures, it is difficult to express them effectively using classical method. Fractal geometry gives us a new idea and a powerful tool to study on irregularity of geometric objects. Therefore, we studied on the pore size, pore shape, pore size distribution and fiber orientation distribution of real nonwovens using fractal geometry combined with computer image analysis to evaluate nonwovens’ morphologic structures.
基金National Science and Technology Support Program,China(No.2012BAF13B03)China Textile Industry Association Technology Guidance Program(No.2011067)Jiangnan University Independent Research Funding Plan,China(No.JUSRP211A04)
文摘A flexible electronic shogging system was presented based on rotary type servo motor, which aimed to improve the dynamic response of the shogging drive and decrease the impact of the guide bar during the higher speed running of warp.knitting machine. In this system, the speed control mode, faster response servo motor, no-flat modified trapezoid motion law, and its electronic cam were chosen; the realization standard and method were also introduced in details. The speed response curves of loaded motor indicated that the system could satisfy the technology requirements of high-speed warp- knitting machine which run at the speed of 1 000 r/min in the experiments, and the vibration curves showed that the guide bar had weaker mechanical impact and higher dynamic response characteristics. The results indicated that the flexible electronic shogging system designed following the previous step was successful, and the design principle of the electronic shngging was testified validly.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40571047)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(Grant No.ZZ0860)
文摘The wide application of new information and communication technologies(ICTs)has been argued to be critical in local economic development,while the application of new ICTs will affect the development of industrial cluster,especially those small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs).This paper examines Yangxunqiao textile cluster located in Zhejiang Province as a case study to focus on the role of ICTs in the sustainable development.We argue ICTs application in firms boost flexible and customized production approach,improve e-commerce market channel and raise supply chain management.We also pay special attention to the spatial implication of ICTs adoption in industrial cluster,and suggest that application of ICTs tend to lead to further clustering of SMEs in the location with mature production chain.Our analysis shows that new ICTs are a facilitator in the sustainable development of the industrial cluster.
基金Supported by Fund of Scientific and Technological Key Project Plan of Liaoning Province , China(No.2003220026)Fund of Education Depart ment of Liaoning Province,China(No.05L147)
文摘In order to find the effect of state device installed on a carding machine on card sliver quality, card slivers produced in conditions of different voltages and gauges were tested by USTER AFIS. The results show that, when the gauge is 1 nun, most parameters of card sliver quality are better when voltage is 600 V than those when no voltage is applied. The contents of nep, trash, visible foreign matter （VFM） and short fiber content by number （SFCn）, short fiber content by weight （SFCw）, immature fiber content （IFC） of card sliver decrease by 5.9%, 16.7%, 12.5%, 5.3%, 4.8% and 1.6%, respectively, but seed coat nep （SCN） content of card sliver doesn＇t decrease. When the electrostatic plate gauge is 2 mm and electrostatic voltage is 4000 V, the removal efficiency of neps and SCN is remarkable, decreasing by 8.7% and 25% respectively. Card sliver quality is hardly improved under any voltage when the gauge between electrostatic plate and cylinder is 3mm.
基金Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (No.106089)
文摘Nanoscale titanium dioxide functional films were prepared on the surface of the cotton woven fabric and the polyester knitted fabric at room temperature by Radio Frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering process. The surface microstructure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Photocatalytic property of two treated fabrics was tested in solar and ultraviolet （UV） radiation respectively, and their photocatalytic activity was compared. The results showed that the nanoscale titanium dioxide deposited on the surface of the treated fabrics was at different anastasia phase. The treated fabrics have excellent photocatalytic property, and after 30 launderings, the photocatalytic activity still maintained at a high level. Also, it indicated that the photocatalytic activity of the treated fabrics in UV radiation was higher than in solar radiation, but the effect wasn＇t very distinct. And at the same experimental magnetron sputtering parameters, the cotton coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide showed better performance than the polyester fabric coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide in terms of the photocatalytic property.
文摘To expand the past and present colour concept and reinvent fabric design methods, happening colour is used as a kind of new colour concept and form to design and analyse the resource of colour. With the aid of sophisticated computer software and advanced digital printing machines, happening colour allows images of considerable complication and intricacy to be designed and produced in modern fabric design by various arrangement of printing colours, which also allows further shifts of colour emphasis of the different visual and psychogenic recept.
文摘Cellulose pulps were directly dissolved in a green solvent of sodium hydrate/urea/thiourea/water with different composition for the purpose to prepare new regenerated cellulose fibers or films. The results showed that the highest solubility of cellulose in the solvent with the composition of 8/8/6.5/77.5. The results revealed that the pulp feeding sequence, stirring rate, pre-treatment of pulp and pulp size affected the cellulose concentration in the green solvent. Accordingly, the more effective dissolution method was proposed in order to get higher concentration of cellulose. Furthermore, the properties of solution prepared by different kinds of pulps in the solvent were investigated by ARES rheometer. Rheologieal analyses indicated that all cellulose aqueous solutions in their high concentration were pseudoplastic fluids and sensitive to temperature and tended to transform to gel when temperature increased.
基金Supported by National Nature Science Fund ( No.50643014)"Yangtze Scholar and Innovation Team Development Plan"Innovation Team(No.IRT0654)Science Research Fund of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University (No.0601065-Y)
文摘An important property of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns is their water transport property. In the paper, two water transport models of moisture absorption and sweat discharge yarns were developed to investigate the influence factors on their wicking rate. In parallel Column Pores Model, wicking rate is determined by the equivalent capillary radius R and length of the capillary tube L. In Pellets Accumulation Model, wicking rate is decided by the capillary radius r and length of the fiber unit assemble L0.
文摘Three-dimensional Rotational Microscopy was used to take the photos of the fabrics. Three categories of yarn appearance diameters in the worsted fabrics were discussed. The fabrics were grouped into two to explore the relationships between yam appearance diameters at the interlacing points, opening points, and the calculated yam diameters. The correlations between the appearance diameters and fabric parameters were given, and the results showed that the calculated yam diameter and warp cover factor had a very big influence on yam appearance diameter. The equations expressing the relationship between yam appearance diameters and fabric parameters are established using step-regression method. The validation of the equations for one type of fabrics shows a good accuracy with the average error below 9% except the weft fdaments exceeding 22%.
文摘This paper advances a new concept of textile-meltglue cloth, and introduces the readers to the basic principle of melt-glue cloth. On the basis of melt spinning, the spinneret can be replaced by a spinning device that consists of an outer spinneret (a loop)and an inner spinneret ( a round plate), and between them there is an interval circle on which the centers of the holes are evenly distributed. When the machine is running, the outer spinneret (or the inner one) is fixed, the inner spinneret (or the outer one)is spinning, and a columnar net will be obtained.Then it will be excided with the help of a cutter in transporting it. Finally the once-forming melt-glue cloth will be produced. Compared with the traditional woven fabric, melt-glue cloth has a lot of special features and a bright future of application.
