DNA sequences from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I （mtDNA CO I） were used to estimate the genetic variability in two wild populations and two cultured populations of the hard shelled mussel, Myti...DNA sequences from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I （mtDNA CO I） were used to estimate the genetic variability in two wild populations and two cultured populations of the hard shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus. Thirty haplotypes were identified in the four populations. The cultured populations exhibited a lower number of haplotypes and genetic diversity than those of the wild populations, suggesting that a small number of effective founding breeders contributed to the genetic variation of the cultured populations. No significant differentiation was observed between the cultured population and local wild population, implying that persistent gene flow occurred in these populations. This genetic survey is intended as a baseline for future genetic monitoring of M. coruseus aquaculture stocks.展开更多
The inheritance of mitochondrial (mt) DNA and chloroplast (cp) DNA was investigated in intergeneric hybrids from crossing between Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. and Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk. The c...The inheritance of mitochondrial (mt) DNA and chloroplast (cp) DNA was investigated in intergeneric hybrids from crossing between Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. and Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk. The chloroplast trnL trnF region and one intra genic segment of the mitochondrial gene, Cox Ⅲ, were amplified from those of the parents and hybrids by PCR using gene specific primers. Cp and mtDNA polymorphisms of the amplified regions were detected between the parents after restriction digestions. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis revealed that all the F 1 individuals possessed Cox Ⅲ restriction fragment patterns (characteristic of the paternal parent Cryptomeria fortunei ) and the trnL trnF region (identical to the maternal parent Cunninghamia lanceolata ) showing that a different mode of inheritance for organelle DNA has occurred in the hybrids. Furthermore, the maternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA is reported here for the first time in coniferophyta.展开更多
To reveal the genetic structures and relationships of the four ethnic populations from the maternal inheritance and explore the origins and migrations of nationalities, the genetic polymorphism of mtDNA in Dong, Gelao...To reveal the genetic structures and relationships of the four ethnic populations from the maternal inheritance and explore the origins and migrations of nationalities, the genetic polymorphism of mtDNA in Dong, Gelao, Tujia, and Yi populations from Guizhou was studied by direct sequencing of hypervariable segment Ⅰ （HVS Ⅰ ） and PCR-RFLP of coding region. Thirty-seven （sub-） haplogroups were identified in the classification tree of mtDNA haplogroups. Haplogroup distributions and principal component （PC） analysis showed that the Dong has high frequencies of south-prevalent haplogroups, which indicates that it is a typically southern population. The Yi harbors high frequencies of the south-prevalent and northern-prevalent haplogroups, which demonstrates that it inherits the maternal characteristics from both southern and northern populations. The Yi and Gelao cluster together, the reason for which might be that their ancestries frequently underwent gene exchanges and mixtures.展开更多
[Objective] The sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of Xinjiang Goose with three different colors of plumage were analyzed in order to study the genetic diversity of Xinjiang Goose, as well as the phylogeny a...[Objective] The sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of Xinjiang Goose with three different colors of plumage were analyzed in order to study the genetic diversity of Xinjiang Goose, as well as the phylogeny and evolution. [Method] Ten geese were selected randomly from the core populations of grey-, mosaic- and white-plumaged Xinjiang Goose respectively with a total number of thirty as experi- mental materials, of which the blood samples were collected from the largest vein under the wing （brachial vein） for DNA extraction. Sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-loop regions were determined using DNA sequencing technology to analyze the polymorphism. In addition, the genetic distances among different populations were estimated through the comparison with the reference sequences. [Resull] The con- tents of A, G, C and T nucleotides in the D-loop region of Xinjiang Goose were 28.85%, 17.05%, 25.38% and 28.72%, respectively. The average haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of Xinjiang Goose were 0.583 and 0.056. Xinjiang Goose and Greylag Goose were clustered into the same group. [Conclusion] The results showed that Xinjiang Geese with three different colors of plumage all descend from Greylag Goose （Anser anser）.展开更多
AIM：To study the nuclear microsatellite instability (nMSI) at BAT26 and mitochondral microsalellite instability (mtMSI) in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma and the relationship between nMSI ...AIM：To study the nuclear microsatellite instability (nMSI) at BAT26 and mitochondral microsalellite instability (mtMSI) in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma and the relationship between nMSI and mtMSI.METHODS: nMSI was observed with PCR and mtMSI with PCR-SSCP in 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma.RESULTS:mtMSI was detected in 11 out of the 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (21.2%). Among the 11 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with mtMSI, 7 occured in one locus and 4 in 2 loci. The frequency of mtMSI in the 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma showed no correlation to sex, age,infection of hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis as well as positive AFP of the patients (P>0.05). In addition, nMSI was detected in 3 out of 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (5.8%) and there was no correlation of the incidence of mtMSI to that of nMSI (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:mtMSI may be involved in the coccurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma and it is independent of nMSI.展开更多
Partial sequences of the D-loop and the complete sequences of cytochrome b gene (1 140 bp) of the slow lorises (genus Nycticebus) were undertaken to investigate evolutionary relationships among species of Nycticebus.S...Partial sequences of the D-loop and the complete sequences of cytochrome b gene (1 140 bp) of the slow lorises (genus Nycticebus) were undertaken to investigate evolutionary relationships among species of Nycticebus.Sequence analysis results consistently provide new taxonomy evidence at the DNA level for supporting Ratajszczak and Groves’ viewpoint that N.intermedus is merely the adult of N.pygmaeus (Ratajszczak,1998;Groves,1971).Phylogenetic analysis was performed by means of the combined data and these two separate sequences data,respectively,by using various methods,supporting the same topology,in which genus Nycticebus was formed of two clusters.The first cluster was composed of N.pygmaeus,and the second cluster of N.coucang.It also could provide a new molecular genetic evidence to support the view that the genus comprises two species:N.coucang and N.pygmaeus.展开更多
Alterations in oxidative phosphorylation resulting from mitochondriai dysfunction have long been hypothesized to be involved in tumorigenesis. Mitochondria have recently been shown to play an important role in regulat...Alterations in oxidative phosphorylation resulting from mitochondriai dysfunction have long been hypothesized to be involved in tumorigenesis. Mitochondria have recently been shown to play an important role in regulating both programmed cell death and cell proliferation. Furthermore, mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） mutations have been found in various cancer cells. However, the role of these mtDNA mutations in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. This review focuses on basic mitochondrial genetics, mtDNA mutations and consequential mitochondrial dysfunction associated with cancer. The potential molecular mechanisms, mediating the pathogenesis from mtDNA mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction to tumorigenesis are also discussed.展开更多
基金Supported by grants from the National High Technology Research and Development Program (2006AA10A410)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Y1101)Shanghai Research Fund for the Excellent Youth Scholar (B81010615)
文摘DNA sequences from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I （mtDNA CO I） were used to estimate the genetic variability in two wild populations and two cultured populations of the hard shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus. Thirty haplotypes were identified in the four populations. The cultured populations exhibited a lower number of haplotypes and genetic diversity than those of the wild populations, suggesting that a small number of effective founding breeders contributed to the genetic variation of the cultured populations. No significant differentiation was observed between the cultured population and local wild population, implying that persistent gene flow occurred in these populations. This genetic survey is intended as a baseline for future genetic monitoring of M. coruseus aquaculture stocks.
文摘The inheritance of mitochondrial (mt) DNA and chloroplast (cp) DNA was investigated in intergeneric hybrids from crossing between Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. and Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk. The chloroplast trnL trnF region and one intra genic segment of the mitochondrial gene, Cox Ⅲ, were amplified from those of the parents and hybrids by PCR using gene specific primers. Cp and mtDNA polymorphisms of the amplified regions were detected between the parents after restriction digestions. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis revealed that all the F 1 individuals possessed Cox Ⅲ restriction fragment patterns (characteristic of the paternal parent Cryptomeria fortunei ) and the trnL trnF region (identical to the maternal parent Cunninghamia lanceolata ) showing that a different mode of inheritance for organelle DNA has occurred in the hybrids. Furthermore, the maternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA is reported here for the first time in coniferophyta.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39560035).
文摘To reveal the genetic structures and relationships of the four ethnic populations from the maternal inheritance and explore the origins and migrations of nationalities, the genetic polymorphism of mtDNA in Dong, Gelao, Tujia, and Yi populations from Guizhou was studied by direct sequencing of hypervariable segment Ⅰ （HVS Ⅰ ） and PCR-RFLP of coding region. Thirty-seven （sub-） haplogroups were identified in the classification tree of mtDNA haplogroups. Haplogroup distributions and principal component （PC） analysis showed that the Dong has high frequencies of south-prevalent haplogroups, which indicates that it is a typically southern population. The Yi harbors high frequencies of the south-prevalent and northern-prevalent haplogroups, which demonstrates that it inherits the maternal characteristics from both southern and northern populations. The Yi and Gelao cluster together, the reason for which might be that their ancestries frequently underwent gene exchanges and mixtures.
基金Supported by the Fond for Open Projects of Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivore Nutrition for Meat&Milk Production~~
文摘[Objective] The sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of Xinjiang Goose with three different colors of plumage were analyzed in order to study the genetic diversity of Xinjiang Goose, as well as the phylogeny and evolution. [Method] Ten geese were selected randomly from the core populations of grey-, mosaic- and white-plumaged Xinjiang Goose respectively with a total number of thirty as experi- mental materials, of which the blood samples were collected from the largest vein under the wing （brachial vein） for DNA extraction. Sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-loop regions were determined using DNA sequencing technology to analyze the polymorphism. In addition, the genetic distances among different populations were estimated through the comparison with the reference sequences. [Resull] The con- tents of A, G, C and T nucleotides in the D-loop region of Xinjiang Goose were 28.85%, 17.05%, 25.38% and 28.72%, respectively. The average haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of Xinjiang Goose were 0.583 and 0.056. Xinjiang Goose and Greylag Goose were clustered into the same group. [Conclusion] The results showed that Xinjiang Geese with three different colors of plumage all descend from Greylag Goose （Anser anser）.
基金Supported by the National-Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30070043
文摘AIM：To study the nuclear microsatellite instability (nMSI) at BAT26 and mitochondral microsalellite instability (mtMSI) in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma and the relationship between nMSI and mtMSI.METHODS: nMSI was observed with PCR and mtMSI with PCR-SSCP in 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma.RESULTS:mtMSI was detected in 11 out of the 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (21.2%). Among the 11 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with mtMSI, 7 occured in one locus and 4 in 2 loci. The frequency of mtMSI in the 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma showed no correlation to sex, age,infection of hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis as well as positive AFP of the patients (P>0.05). In addition, nMSI was detected in 3 out of 52 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (5.8%) and there was no correlation of the incidence of mtMSI to that of nMSI (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:mtMSI may be involved in the coccurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma and it is independent of nMSI.
文摘Partial sequences of the D-loop and the complete sequences of cytochrome b gene (1 140 bp) of the slow lorises (genus Nycticebus) were undertaken to investigate evolutionary relationships among species of Nycticebus.Sequence analysis results consistently provide new taxonomy evidence at the DNA level for supporting Ratajszczak and Groves’ viewpoint that N.intermedus is merely the adult of N.pygmaeus (Ratajszczak,1998;Groves,1971).Phylogenetic analysis was performed by means of the combined data and these two separate sequences data,respectively,by using various methods,supporting the same topology,in which genus Nycticebus was formed of two clusters.The first cluster was composed of N.pygmaeus,and the second cluster of N.coucang.It also could provide a new molecular genetic evidence to support the view that the genus comprises two species:N.coucang and N.pygmaeus.
文摘Alterations in oxidative phosphorylation resulting from mitochondriai dysfunction have long been hypothesized to be involved in tumorigenesis. Mitochondria have recently been shown to play an important role in regulating both programmed cell death and cell proliferation. Furthermore, mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） mutations have been found in various cancer cells. However, the role of these mtDNA mutations in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. This review focuses on basic mitochondrial genetics, mtDNA mutations and consequential mitochondrial dysfunction associated with cancer. The potential molecular mechanisms, mediating the pathogenesis from mtDNA mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction to tumorigenesis are also discussed.
