The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMM...The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMMCN reliabilities evaluation and multi-objective transmission lines assignment optimization. First, a reliability evaluation with a transmission line assignment (RETLA) algorithm is proposed to calculate the MMMCN reliabilities under the cost constraint for a certain transmission lines configuration. Second, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to find the non-dominated set of the transmission lines assignments based on the reliabilities obtained from the RETLA algorithm. By combining the RETLA and the NSGA-II algorithms together, the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm is proposed to solve the OTLAMR problem. The experiments result show that the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm can provide efficient solutions in a reasonable time, from which the decision makers can choose the best solution based on their preferences and experiences.展开更多
A cost-effective,facile solution-based hot-injection synthetic route has been developed to synthesize NiSb nanoparticles in oleylamine(OAm)using commercially available inexpensive precursor with reducing toxicity at a...A cost-effective,facile solution-based hot-injection synthetic route has been developed to synthesize NiSb nanoparticles in oleylamine(OAm)using commercially available inexpensive precursor with reducing toxicity at a relatively low temperature of 160℃.Especially,an organic reductant of borane-tert-butylamine complex is intentionally involved in the reaction system to promote a fast reduction of metallic Ni and Sb for the formation of the NiSb nanoparticles.Structural characterizations reveal that the NiSb nanoparticles are hexagonal phase with space group P63/mmc and they are composed of small granules with size about 10 nm that tend to form agglomerates with porous-like geometries.This is the first report on the generation of transition metal antimonide via solution-based strategy,and the asfabricated nanoparticles possess actively electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)property in acidic electrolytes when the long-chain ligand of OAm adhered on the surface of the nanoparticles is exchanged by ligand-removal and exchange procedure.It is found that the NiSb nanoparticles as a new kind of non-noble-metal HER electrocatalysts only require overpotentials of 437 and 531 mV to achieve high current densities of 10 and 50 mA/cm^2 respectively,as well as exhibit low charge transfer resistance and excellent HER stability.展开更多
基金Projects(61004074,61134001,21076179)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2009BAG12A08)supported by the National Key Technology Support Program of China+1 种基金Project(2010QNA5001)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of ChinaProjects(2012AA06A404,2006AA04Z184)supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMMCN reliabilities evaluation and multi-objective transmission lines assignment optimization. First, a reliability evaluation with a transmission line assignment (RETLA) algorithm is proposed to calculate the MMMCN reliabilities under the cost constraint for a certain transmission lines configuration. Second, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to find the non-dominated set of the transmission lines assignments based on the reliabilities obtained from the RETLA algorithm. By combining the RETLA and the NSGA-II algorithms together, the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm is proposed to solve the OTLAMR problem. The experiments result show that the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm can provide efficient solutions in a reasonable time, from which the decision makers can choose the best solution based on their preferences and experiences.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21571166 and No.51271173)
文摘A cost-effective,facile solution-based hot-injection synthetic route has been developed to synthesize NiSb nanoparticles in oleylamine(OAm)using commercially available inexpensive precursor with reducing toxicity at a relatively low temperature of 160℃.Especially,an organic reductant of borane-tert-butylamine complex is intentionally involved in the reaction system to promote a fast reduction of metallic Ni and Sb for the formation of the NiSb nanoparticles.Structural characterizations reveal that the NiSb nanoparticles are hexagonal phase with space group P63/mmc and they are composed of small granules with size about 10 nm that tend to form agglomerates with porous-like geometries.This is the first report on the generation of transition metal antimonide via solution-based strategy,and the asfabricated nanoparticles possess actively electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)property in acidic electrolytes when the long-chain ligand of OAm adhered on the surface of the nanoparticles is exchanged by ligand-removal and exchange procedure.It is found that the NiSb nanoparticles as a new kind of non-noble-metal HER electrocatalysts only require overpotentials of 437 and 531 mV to achieve high current densities of 10 and 50 mA/cm^2 respectively,as well as exhibit low charge transfer resistance and excellent HER stability.
