五行的组合与化生

目的:探讨五行的组合与化生的关系。方法:通过大量搜集、整理、阅读文献,并运用文献整理、分析、归纳等方法,对五行的组合与化生进行探讨。结果:五行的性质、作用,是百姓赖以生存的物质元素,开物成务,利用厚生。五行由最初的组合论实体的合成以兴万物的物质元素,演化为中国古代自然哲学思想体系。结论:阴阳五行作为中国文化的骨架,是从战国后期到西汉中期陆续形成的。

Effect of thermal stabilization on microstructure and mechanical property of directionally solidified Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si alloy

Effect of thermal stabilization on the microstructure and mechanical property of directionally solidified Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si （mole fraction, %） alloy was investigated. The specimens were thermal stabilized for different time （t） and directionally solidified at a constant growth rate of 30 μm/s and temperature gradient of 20 K/mm. Dependencies of the primary dendritic spacing （λ1）, secondary dendritic spacing （λ2）, interlamellar spacing （λL） and microhardness （HV） on holding time were determined. The values of the λ1, λ2 and λL increase with the increase of t, and the value of HV decreases with the increase of t. The increase of t is helpful to obtain a good directional solidification structure. However, it reduces the mechanical property of the directionally solidified TiAl alloy. The optimized value of t is about 30 min.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of uterus——A rare entity

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of uterus is the rare of the rarest among the tumors of female genital tract. We herein reported a 32 years old female operated for lower abdominal lump,which was diagnosed,as PNET later confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). She was lost to follow-up and presented 10 months later with recurrence. She was treated with cyclical combination chemotherapy followed by definitive surgery and is in complete remission at present.

Effect of pulsed current on AZ31B magnesium sheets during annealing

The annealing tests heated by pulsed current(PC)or furnace for AZ31B magnesium sheets were carried out,and the effects of PC on the microstructure and dislocation density of the alloy were analyzed.The results show that PC strengthens the migration of boundaries,and then the twin grains,most of which distribute in the coarse grains,“spheroidize”to equiaxed grains,thus separating the coarse grains and refining the microstructure.This process homogenizes the initial microstructure and eliminate the typically lamellar twin grains.Moreover,PC also strengthens the dislocation annihilation.When the specimens were annealed by PC at 300℃for 4 min,the dislocation density was even lower than that annealed by furnaces at 400℃for 3 h before deformation.Furthermore,dislocation annihilation is enhanced with the increase of peak current density and the decrease of pulsed frequency.

Microstructural evolution of new type Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with Er and Zr additions during homogenization

A comprehensive study on the microstructural evolution of a new type Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Er-Zr alloy duringhomogenization was conducted by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscopy and X-raydiffraction analysis.The results show that serious segregation exists in as-cast alloy,and the primary phases are T(AlZnMgCu),S(Al2CuMg)and Al8Cu4Er,which preferentially locate in the grain boundary regions.The soluble T(AlZnMgCu)and S(Al2CuMg)phases dissolve into the matrix gradually during single-stage homogenized at465°C with prolonging holding time,but the residualAl8Cu4Er phase cannot dissolve completely.Compared with the single-stage homogenization,both a finer particle size and a highervolume fraction of L12-structured Al3(Er,Zr)dispersoids can be obtained in the two-stage homogenization process.A suitablehomogenization scheme for the present alloy is(400°C,10h)+(465°C,24h),which is consistent with the results of homogenizationkinetic analysis.

Experimental study on effect of recombinant human growth hormone combined with chemotherapy on stomach neoplasms implanted in nude mice

Objective: To investigate the effect of different doses of recombined growth hormone (rhGH) on stomach neo- plasms implanted in nude mice, and its efficacy in combining with chemotherapy (flurouracil, 5-FU). Methods: Human stom- ach neoplasms model was established in nude mice. The nude mice were divided into control group, moderate-dose of rhGH group, low-dose rhGH group, 5-FU group, moderate-dose rhGH/5-FU group, and low-dose rhGH/5-FU group. The results of each group were observed after ten days. Results: After therapy, the body mass of rhGH groups was significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05), the body mass of rhGH/5-FU groups was significantly increased compared with 5-FU group (P<0.05), but it was no significant difference between rhGH/5-FU groups and control group (P>0.05). The average tumor mass and volume of rhGH groups were not significantly increased compared with control group (P>0.05), but they were significantly reduced in 5-FU group and rhGH/5-FU groups (P<0.05). They were no significant difference between rhGH/5- FU groups and 5-FU group (P>0.05). After treatment, the percentages of S, G0/G1 and G2/M phases and proliferation index (PI) were not significantly changed in rhGH groups compared with control group (P>0.05), and the same with rhGH/5-FU groups compared with 5-FU group (P>0.05). The difference caused by dose of rhGH was not significant. Conclusion: rhGH enhances body mass, does not stimulate tumor growth, and has no adverse effects on tumor bearing nude mice. Combined with flurouracil, rhGH does not influence the efficacy of chemotherapy, and has no effect on tumor cell cycle kinetics.

A de novo germline MLH1 mutation in a Lynch syndrome patient with discordant immunohistochemical and molecular biology test results

We describe a patient with a Homo sapiens mutL homolog 1 (MLH1)-associated Lynch syndrome with previous diagnoses of two distinct primary cancers:a sigmoid colon cancer at the age of 39 years, and a right colon cancer at the age of 50 years. The mutation identified in his blood and buccal cells, c.1771delG, p.Asp591Ilefs*25, appears to be a de novo event, as it was not transmitted by either of his parents. This type of de novo event is rare in MLH1 as only three cases have been reported in the literature so far. Further-more, the discordant results observed between repli-cation error phenotyping and immunohistochemistry highlight the importance of the systematic use of both pre-screening tests in the molecular diagnosis of Lynch syndrome.

Optimization and Evaluation of Biosurfactant Produced by Pantoea sp. Using Pineapple Peel Residue, Vegetable Fat and Corn Steep Liquor

In this study, the authors have investigated the potential of a bacterial strain of Pantoea sp., isolated from wastewater of the textile industry, for the production of biosurfactant. The biosurfactant production was optimized by the combination of CCD （central composite design） and RSM （response surface methodology）. To assess the effects and interactions of medium the vegetable fat （1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 v/v）, the variables corn steep liquor （2.0, 5.0 and 8.0 v/v） and pineapple peel residue （10.0, 25.0 and 40.0 v/v） on the surface tension were evaluated. The empirical model developed through RSM in terms of the effective operational factors mentioned above was found to be adequate to describe the biosurfactant production. Compositional analysis of the produced biosurfaetant has been carried out by FT-IR （Fourier transform infrared spectoscopy） and subjected to the test of removing hydrocarbons. Through the analysis, vegetable fat and pineapple peel residue were found to be the most significant factors, whereas corn steep liquor had less effect within the ranges investigated. A maximum reduction in surface tension of 30.00 mN/m was obtained under the optimal conditions of 2.0% （v/v） vegetable fat concentration, 5.0% （v/v） corn steep liquor and 25.0% （v/v） pineapple peel residue concentration of medium. FT-IR spectrometer analysis of the biosurfactant characterized it as a glycolipid derivative. The biosurfactant exhibited the ability to solubilize the hydrocarbons tested, working between 64% and 92%. According to consists of bars with a length proportional to the absolute value of the estimated effects divided by the standard error. On this chart, ANOVA （analysis of variance） effect estimates are arranged from the largest to smallest absolute value. The chart includes a vertical line at the critical p-value of 0.05. Effects for which the bars are smaller than the critical p-value are considered non-significant and do not have an effect on the response variables. The effects are either positive or negative ANOVA; the determination of regression coefficients and the construction of graphs were performed using the Statistical program, version 7.0 （Statsoft Inc, RSA）. The results, the biosurfactant produced by Pantoea sp. can be a valuable source for application in rapid environmental bioremediation.

Characteristics of Fruit Quality of Peach Cultivars and Hybrids in the Steppe Crimea

The study of peach fruit quality and biochemical composition of cultivars and hybrids were conducted in terms of the steppe zone of Crimea. A total of 40 cultivars and hybrids from five periods of ripening were analyzed for content of basic biochemical components： solids, sugars, acids, polyphenolic compounds and vitamin C. The main fruit quality parameters： the size, the attractive appearance, the consistency flesh, the stone adherence to flesh, taste and others have been evaluated. As a result of studies peach cultivars with a high content of sugar in the fruit under the steppe Crimea have highlighted： Kremlyovskiy （13.6）, Regina （13.2）, Velvet （12.9）, hybrids C7/38 （13.1） and C4/57 （12.9）. Cultivars and hybrids of peach 10607, C1/227 C7/38, C7/6, C8/162, C4/147, C16/87, C4/64, Early Red Haven, Miorita, 7/221, Kremlyovskiy, 10848 are characterized by the best biochemical and morphological indices of fruits. They are recommended for State cultivar testing or use in breeding work to improve the quality of peach fruits.

Osteopontin expression is associated with hepatopathologic changes in Schistosoma japonicum infected mice

AIM:To investigate osteopontin expression and its association with hepatopathologic changes in BALB/C mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.METHODS:The schistosomal hepatopathologic mouse model was established by abdominal infection with schistosomal cercaria.Liver samples were obtained from mice sacrif iced at 6,8,10,14,and 18 wk after in-fection.Liver histopathological changes were observed with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome staining.The expression of osteopontin was determined with im-munohistochemistry,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blotting.The expressionof α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)were determined by im-munohistochemistry.Correlations of osteopontin ex-pression with other variables(α-SMA,TGF-β1,hepato-pathologic features including granuloma formation and degree of liver f ibrosis)were analyzed.RESULTS:Typical schistosomal hepatopathologic changes were induced in the animals.Dynamic changes in the expression of osteopontin were observed at week 6.The expression increased,peaked at week 10(P<0.01),and then gradually decreased.Positive correla-tions between osteopontin expression and α-SMA(r=0.720,P<0.01),TGF-β1(r=0.905,P <0.01),granu-loma formation(r=0.875,P<0.01),and degree of liver f ibrosis(r=0.858,P<0.01)were also observed.CONCLUSION:Osteopontin may play an important role in schistosomal hepatopathology and may promote granuloma formation and liver fi brosis through an un-explored mechanism.

The development of an evidence-informed Convergent Care Theory:Working together to achieve optimal health outcomes

Background Healthcare is a complex and divergent system with uncertainty,unpredictability,and multi-layered stakeholders.The relationships among the stakeholders are multifaceted and dynamic,requiring continual interpersonal connections,networks,and co-evolution.It is pivotal to have an evidence-informed theory to explain the phenomenon,uniting the multifaceted stakeholders’efforts.Purpose To describe the development of an evidence-informed theory,the Convergent Care Theory,assembling healthcare stakeholders to work together and achieve optimal health outcomes.Methods The Convergent Care Theory was developed using a theory synthesis approach based on empirical research and literature reviews published by the theory-proposing author.The empirical evidence was categorized into:patients and families,healthcare providers,healthcare organizations,and patients’and healthcare providers’self-care.Results The Convergent Care Theory includes four concepts:all-inclusive organizational care,healthcare professional collaborative care,person-centered precision care,and patients’and healthcare providers’self-care.Achieving convergent care is a process requiring all stakeholders to work together.Six major facilitators emerged from the research evidence:competence,compassion,accountability,trusting,sharing,and engaging.Conclusion This article introduced the development process of the evidence-informed Convergent Care Theory.Healthcare systems are complex,with multiple stakeholders’needs to meet.The Convergent Care Theory strives to unite healthcare stakeholders,bond resources,and join forces to achieve optimal healthcare outcomes.The underpinning of the theory is a caring culture,which is an underlying code for organizational and team behaviors and the foundation of optimal health outcomes.

An Optimization Approach for Unit Commitment of a Power System Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources： A Case Study of Afghanistan

This paper focused on generation scheduling problem with consideration of wind, solar and PHES （pumped hydro energy storage） system. Wind, solar and PHES are being considered in the NEPS （northeast power system） of Afghanistan to schedule all units power output so as to minimize the total operation cost of thermal units plus aggregate imported power tariffs during the scheduling horizon, subject to the system and unit operation constraints. Apart from determining the optimal output power of each unit, this research also involves in deciding the on/off status of thermal units. In order to find the optimal values of the variables, GA （genetic algorithm） is proposed. The algorithm performs efficiently in various sized thermal power system with equivalent wind, solar and PHES and can produce a high-quality solution. Simulation results reveal that with wind, solar and PHES the system is the most-cost effective than the other combinations.

Antiviral activities against influenza virus(FM1) of bioactive fractions and representative compounds extracted from Banlangen(Radix Isatidis)

OBJECTIVE: To study the antiviral activities of clemastanin B(CB), epigoitrin, phenylpropanoids portion(PEP) and the mixture of phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and organic acid fractions(PEP+ALK+OA)from Banlangen(Radix Isatidis).METHODS: The experiment consisted of four parts:therapeutic action, prophylaxsis action, inhibition of virus attachment, and direct virucidal action. Cytopathic effect(CPE) and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium(MTT) were used to assess antiviral activity.RESULTS: CB, epigoitrin, PEP and PEP + ALK + OA fractions from Banlangen(Radix Isatidis) extract significantly increased the viability of MDCK cells pre-infected with the virus compared with the virus control group in all the dilutions(P < 0.01). Pretreated with either pure compounds or chemical frac-tions of Banlangen(Radix Isatidis) extract in all the dilutions significantly improved the viability of MDCK cells(P < 0.01). The inhibition of virus absorption to the host cells by CB, epigoitrin and PEP was in a dose dependent manner.CONCLUSION: CB, epigoitrin, PEP and PEP+ALK+OA exert their anti-influenza activity by inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxsis and blocking the virus attachment. The primary mode of action of PEP and PEP + ALK + OA is the inhibition of virus replication. The inhibitory effects on virus attachment and multiplication are the main modes for epigoitrin.