The microstructure of WE93 alloy in different states and the mechanical properties at room temperature were investigated, and the creep behavior of the extruded and aged alloy at 200 ℃and at stress of 100, 125 and 15...The microstructure of WE93 alloy in different states and the mechanical properties at room temperature were investigated, and the creep behavior of the extruded and aged alloy at 200 ℃and at stress of 100, 125 and 150 MPa was also discussed. The result shows that the microstructure of as-cast WE93 alloy consists of α-Mg, Mg 12 （MM） and Mg 24 Y 5 with an average grain size of 45 μm. After being homogenized at 535 ℃for 18 h, the Mg 24 Y 5 phase is dissolved completely and there is only Mg 12 （MM） phase left around the grain boundaries. The grains do not grow up as prolonging the homogenization time. The extruded alloy has better mechanical properties than the as-cast alloy, especially the elongation increases to 12.5%. The extruded and aged alloy exhibits the highest yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 315 and 385 MPa, respectively, however, the elongation decreases to 6.5%. The extruded and aged alloy exhibits good creep resistance at 200 ℃and at stress of 100 150 MPa. The creep stress exponent n is 2.97, suggesting that grain boundary sliding plays a dominant role at the corresponding temperature and applied stresses.展开更多
Ultrafine-grained aluminum processed by a new severe plastic deformation technique, accumulative extrusion bonding (AEB), was investigated. Microstructural characterization indicated good interfacial bonding and an av...Ultrafine-grained aluminum processed by a new severe plastic deformation technique, accumulative extrusion bonding (AEB), was investigated. Microstructural characterization indicated good interfacial bonding and an average grain size of ~440 nm was obtained after six passes. Tensile testing revealed that the strength reached the maximum value of 195 MPa and the total elongation exceeded 16% after five passes. The hardness was also significantly improved and almost reached saturation after the first pass. SEM fractography of AEB-processed specimens after tensile test showed that failure mode was shear ductile fracture with elongated shallow dimples. Comparison with conventional accumulative roll bonding indicates that this new AEB technique is more effective in refining grain and improving mechanical properties of the specimens.展开更多
An extruded Mg-8Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy was pre-heated at 470℃ for 1 h and subsequently compressed at 470℃ and two strain rates of 0.2 and 0.0003 s^-1. Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of the alloy we...An extruded Mg-8Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy was pre-heated at 470℃ for 1 h and subsequently compressed at 470℃ and two strain rates of 0.2 and 0.0003 s^-1. Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of the alloy were examined by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), hardness test and tensile test. The results show that the post-deformed microstructures of alloy are non-uniform at both strain rates due to the dissolution of RE-rich particles and the occurrence of DRX. The textures of post-deformed alloy are affected by strain rate. The alloy exhibits a strong basal texture of (0001)//ND (normal direction) after compression at 0.2 s^-1, while a weak texture component of (0001)//ED (extrusion direction) is formed in the compression obtained at 0.0003 s^-1. Compared with the alloy compressed at 0.0003 s^-1, the compressed alloy obtained at 0.2 s^-1 presents better comprehensive mechanical properties with the ultimate tensile strength of 426 MPa, yield strength of 345 MPa and ductility of 2.1% when being aged at 225℃ for 8 h.展开更多
Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD),and tensile tests were used to study the effects of strain rates(0.1,1 and 9.1 s^(-1))on the microstructure and mec...Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD),and tensile tests were used to study the effects of strain rates(0.1,1 and 9.1 s^(-1))on the microstructure and mechanical properties of spray-formed Al-Cu-Mg alloys during large-strain rolling at 420℃.Results show that during hot rolling,the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries(HAGBs)and the degree of dynamic recrystallization(DRX)initially increase and then decrease,whereas the average grain size and dislocation density show the opposite trend with the increase of the strain rate.In addition,the number of S′phases in the matrix decreases,and the grain boundary precipitates(GBPs)become coarser and more discontinuous as the strain rate increases.When the strain rate increases from 0.1 to 9.1 s^(-1),the tensile strength of the alloy decreases from 492.45 to 427.63 MPa,whereas the elongation initially increases from 12.1%to 21.8%and then decreases to 17.7%.展开更多
The deformation behavior of a new Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy was investigated with compression tests in temperature range of 380?470 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.001-10 s-1 using Gleeble 1500 system, and the associated ...The deformation behavior of a new Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy was investigated with compression tests in temperature range of 380?470 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.001-10 s-1 using Gleeble 1500 system, and the associated microstructural evolutions were studied by metallographic microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that true stress—strain curves exhibit a peak stress, followed by a dynamic flow softening at low strains (ε<0.05). The stress decreases with increasing deformation temperature and decreasing strain rate, which can be represented by a Zener-Hollomon exponential equation with the activation energy for deformation of 157.9 kJ/mol. The substructure in the deformed specimens consists of few fine precipitates with equaixed polygonized subgrains in the elongated grains and developed serrations at the grain boundaries. The dynamic flow softening is attributed mainly to dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization.展开更多
The flow stress behavior of high-purity Al-Cu-Mg alloy under hot deformation conditions was studied by Gleeble-1500,with the deformation temperature range from 300 to 500 °C and the strain rate range from 0.01 to...The flow stress behavior of high-purity Al-Cu-Mg alloy under hot deformation conditions was studied by Gleeble-1500,with the deformation temperature range from 300 to 500 °C and the strain rate range from 0.01 to 10 s-1. From the true stress-true strain curve, the flow stress increases with the increasing of strain and tends to be constant after a peak value, showing dynamic recover, and the peak value of flow stress increases with the decreasing of deformation temperature and the increasing of strain rate.When the strain rate is 10 s-1 and the deformation temperature is higher than 400 °C, the flow stress shows dynamic recrystallization characteristic. TEM micrographs were used to reveal the evolution of microstructures. According to the processing map at true strain of 0.7, the feasible deformation conditions are high strain rate(>0.5 s-1) or 440-500 °C and 0.01-0.02 s-1.展开更多
AIM:To investigate osteopontin expression and its association with hepatopathologic changes in BALB/C mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.METHODS:The schistosomal hepatopathologic mouse model was established by a...AIM:To investigate osteopontin expression and its association with hepatopathologic changes in BALB/C mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.METHODS:The schistosomal hepatopathologic mouse model was established by abdominal infection with schistosomal cercaria.Liver samples were obtained from mice sacrif iced at 6,8,10,14,and 18 wk after in-fection.Liver histopathological changes were observed with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome staining.The expression of osteopontin was determined with im-munohistochemistry,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blotting.The expressionof α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)were determined by im-munohistochemistry.Correlations of osteopontin ex-pression with other variables(α-SMA,TGF-β1,hepato-pathologic features including granuloma formation and degree of liver f ibrosis)were analyzed.RESULTS:Typical schistosomal hepatopathologic changes were induced in the animals.Dynamic changes in the expression of osteopontin were observed at week 6.The expression increased,peaked at week 10(P<0.01),and then gradually decreased.Positive correla-tions between osteopontin expression and α-SMA(r=0.720,P<0.01),TGF-β1(r=0.905,P <0.01),granu-loma formation(r=0.875,P<0.01),and degree of liver f ibrosis(r=0.858,P<0.01)were also observed.CONCLUSION:Osteopontin may play an important role in schistosomal hepatopathology and may promote granuloma formation and liver fi brosis through an un-explored mechanism.展开更多
Hydraulic equipment in engineering, in different working stages, different speed, load, variable load and variable speed is one of the most frequently encountered problems, to solve this problem is usually used to con...Hydraulic equipment in engineering, in different working stages, different speed, load, variable load and variable speed is one of the most frequently encountered problems, to solve this problem is usually used to continuously adjustable pressure, adjustable flow control to achieve. In this paper, the structure design of a combination of oil tanks, combined with oil circuit examples in the case of no need to adjust the pressure, adjust the flow rate, to achieve the high speed, light load of the typical operating requirements and hydraulic servo feedback.展开更多
In nature, garden plants are colorful with obvious seasonal changes. Using plant colors for landscape design, one must first understand the composition and function performance of various colors. Only following the ba...In nature, garden plants are colorful with obvious seasonal changes. Using plant colors for landscape design, one must first understand the composition and function performance of various colors. Only following the basic art principle can we achieve the ideal color combination effect to create all kinds of beautiful landscape. This paper analyzes the color connotation and meaning first, and then elaborates the color applications in landscape design.展开更多
Composite one-way concrete slabs with profiled steel sheeting as permanent formwork are commonly used in the construction industry. The steel sheeting supports the wet concrete of a cast-in-situ reinforced or post-ten...Composite one-way concrete slabs with profiled steel sheeting as permanent formwork are commonly used in the construction industry. The steel sheeting supports the wet concrete of a cast-in-situ reinforced or post-tensioned concrete slab and, after the concrete sets, acts as external reinforcement. In this type of slab, longitudinal shear failure between the concrete and the steel sheeting is the most common type of failure at the ultimate load stage. Design codes require the experimental evaluation of the longitudinal shear capacity of each type of steel decking using full-scale tests. This paper presents the results of the short-term testing up to failure of two types of profiled steel decking that are commonly used in the construction industry in Australia. Fourteen full-scale, simply-supported slabs were tested in four-point bending with shear spans of either span/4 or span/6. Four slabs were tested at age of 28 days and the other 10 slabs were subjected to drying shrinkage and various levels of sustained loads for a period of at least 6 months prior to testing to failure. The effects of creep and drying shrinkage on the load carrying capacity and deformation of the slabs at ultimate loads are presented and discussed. The bond-slip relationship of each slab is determined from the test data and the values of maximum longitudinal shear stress calculated using different methods are described and compared.展开更多
基金Projects(2007CB613704,2007CB613705)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘The microstructure of WE93 alloy in different states and the mechanical properties at room temperature were investigated, and the creep behavior of the extruded and aged alloy at 200 ℃and at stress of 100, 125 and 150 MPa was also discussed. The result shows that the microstructure of as-cast WE93 alloy consists of α-Mg, Mg 12 （MM） and Mg 24 Y 5 with an average grain size of 45 μm. After being homogenized at 535 ℃for 18 h, the Mg 24 Y 5 phase is dissolved completely and there is only Mg 12 （MM） phase left around the grain boundaries. The grains do not grow up as prolonging the homogenization time. The extruded alloy has better mechanical properties than the as-cast alloy, especially the elongation increases to 12.5%. The extruded and aged alloy exhibits the highest yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 315 and 385 MPa, respectively, however, the elongation decreases to 6.5%. The extruded and aged alloy exhibits good creep resistance at 200 ℃and at stress of 100 150 MPa. The creep stress exponent n is 2.97, suggesting that grain boundary sliding plays a dominant role at the corresponding temperature and applied stresses.
基金Project(2016YFB0301104) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(51671041,51531002) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(cstc2017jcyjBX0040) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing City,China
文摘Ultrafine-grained aluminum processed by a new severe plastic deformation technique, accumulative extrusion bonding (AEB), was investigated. Microstructural characterization indicated good interfacial bonding and an average grain size of ~440 nm was obtained after six passes. Tensile testing revealed that the strength reached the maximum value of 195 MPa and the total elongation exceeded 16% after five passes. The hardness was also significantly improved and almost reached saturation after the first pass. SEM fractography of AEB-processed specimens after tensile test showed that failure mode was shear ductile fracture with elongated shallow dimples. Comparison with conventional accumulative roll bonding indicates that this new AEB technique is more effective in refining grain and improving mechanical properties of the specimens.
基金financial support from the Changsha University Talent Introduction Project (50800-92808)the Changsha Science and Technology Project (K1705055)support of the Advanced Characterization Facility in Waurn Ponds Campus of Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
文摘An extruded Mg-8Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy was pre-heated at 470℃ for 1 h and subsequently compressed at 470℃ and two strain rates of 0.2 and 0.0003 s^-1. Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of the alloy were examined by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), hardness test and tensile test. The results show that the post-deformed microstructures of alloy are non-uniform at both strain rates due to the dissolution of RE-rich particles and the occurrence of DRX. The textures of post-deformed alloy are affected by strain rate. The alloy exhibits a strong basal texture of (0001)//ND (normal direction) after compression at 0.2 s^-1, while a weak texture component of (0001)//ED (extrusion direction) is formed in the compression obtained at 0.0003 s^-1. Compared with the alloy compressed at 0.0003 s^-1, the compressed alloy obtained at 0.2 s^-1 presents better comprehensive mechanical properties with the ultimate tensile strength of 426 MPa, yield strength of 345 MPa and ductility of 2.1% when being aged at 225℃ for 8 h.
基金financially supported by the Major Special Projects in Anhui Province,China(No.202003c08020005)the Key Projects in Hunan Province,China(No.2020GK2045)。
文摘Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD),and tensile tests were used to study the effects of strain rates(0.1,1 and 9.1 s^(-1))on the microstructure and mechanical properties of spray-formed Al-Cu-Mg alloys during large-strain rolling at 420℃.Results show that during hot rolling,the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries(HAGBs)and the degree of dynamic recrystallization(DRX)initially increase and then decrease,whereas the average grain size and dislocation density show the opposite trend with the increase of the strain rate.In addition,the number of S′phases in the matrix decreases,and the grain boundary precipitates(GBPs)become coarser and more discontinuous as the strain rate increases.When the strain rate increases from 0.1 to 9.1 s^(-1),the tensile strength of the alloy decreases from 492.45 to 427.63 MPa,whereas the elongation initially increases from 12.1%to 21.8%and then decreases to 17.7%.
基金Project(2006AA03Z523) supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘The deformation behavior of a new Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy was investigated with compression tests in temperature range of 380?470 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.001-10 s-1 using Gleeble 1500 system, and the associated microstructural evolutions were studied by metallographic microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that true stress—strain curves exhibit a peak stress, followed by a dynamic flow softening at low strains (ε<0.05). The stress decreases with increasing deformation temperature and decreasing strain rate, which can be represented by a Zener-Hollomon exponential equation with the activation energy for deformation of 157.9 kJ/mol. The substructure in the deformed specimens consists of few fine precipitates with equaixed polygonized subgrains in the elongated grains and developed serrations at the grain boundaries. The dynamic flow softening is attributed mainly to dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization.
基金Project(51301209) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(201191107) supported by Science and Technology Plan of Xinjiang Province,China
文摘The flow stress behavior of high-purity Al-Cu-Mg alloy under hot deformation conditions was studied by Gleeble-1500,with the deformation temperature range from 300 to 500 °C and the strain rate range from 0.01 to 10 s-1. From the true stress-true strain curve, the flow stress increases with the increasing of strain and tends to be constant after a peak value, showing dynamic recover, and the peak value of flow stress increases with the decreasing of deformation temperature and the increasing of strain rate.When the strain rate is 10 s-1 and the deformation temperature is higher than 400 °C, the flow stress shows dynamic recrystallization characteristic. TEM micrographs were used to reveal the evolution of microstructures. According to the processing map at true strain of 0.7, the feasible deformation conditions are high strain rate(>0.5 s-1) or 440-500 °C and 0.01-0.02 s-1.
基金Supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81072038/H1617
文摘AIM:To investigate osteopontin expression and its association with hepatopathologic changes in BALB/C mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.METHODS:The schistosomal hepatopathologic mouse model was established by abdominal infection with schistosomal cercaria.Liver samples were obtained from mice sacrif iced at 6,8,10,14,and 18 wk after in-fection.Liver histopathological changes were observed with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome staining.The expression of osteopontin was determined with im-munohistochemistry,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blotting.The expressionof α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)were determined by im-munohistochemistry.Correlations of osteopontin ex-pression with other variables(α-SMA,TGF-β1,hepato-pathologic features including granuloma formation and degree of liver f ibrosis)were analyzed.RESULTS:Typical schistosomal hepatopathologic changes were induced in the animals.Dynamic changes in the expression of osteopontin were observed at week 6.The expression increased,peaked at week 10(P<0.01),and then gradually decreased.Positive correla-tions between osteopontin expression and α-SMA(r=0.720,P<0.01),TGF-β1(r=0.905,P <0.01),granu-loma formation(r=0.875,P<0.01),and degree of liver f ibrosis(r=0.858,P<0.01)were also observed.CONCLUSION:Osteopontin may play an important role in schistosomal hepatopathology and may promote granuloma formation and liver fi brosis through an un-explored mechanism.
文摘Hydraulic equipment in engineering, in different working stages, different speed, load, variable load and variable speed is one of the most frequently encountered problems, to solve this problem is usually used to continuously adjustable pressure, adjustable flow control to achieve. In this paper, the structure design of a combination of oil tanks, combined with oil circuit examples in the case of no need to adjust the pressure, adjust the flow rate, to achieve the high speed, light load of the typical operating requirements and hydraulic servo feedback.
文摘In nature, garden plants are colorful with obvious seasonal changes. Using plant colors for landscape design, one must first understand the composition and function performance of various colors. Only following the basic art principle can we achieve the ideal color combination effect to create all kinds of beautiful landscape. This paper analyzes the color connotation and meaning first, and then elaborates the color applications in landscape design.
文摘Composite one-way concrete slabs with profiled steel sheeting as permanent formwork are commonly used in the construction industry. The steel sheeting supports the wet concrete of a cast-in-situ reinforced or post-tensioned concrete slab and, after the concrete sets, acts as external reinforcement. In this type of slab, longitudinal shear failure between the concrete and the steel sheeting is the most common type of failure at the ultimate load stage. Design codes require the experimental evaluation of the longitudinal shear capacity of each type of steel decking using full-scale tests. This paper presents the results of the short-term testing up to failure of two types of profiled steel decking that are commonly used in the construction industry in Australia. Fourteen full-scale, simply-supported slabs were tested in four-point bending with shear spans of either span/4 or span/6. Four slabs were tested at age of 28 days and the other 10 slabs were subjected to drying shrinkage and various levels of sustained loads for a period of at least 6 months prior to testing to failure. The effects of creep and drying shrinkage on the load carrying capacity and deformation of the slabs at ultimate loads are presented and discussed. The bond-slip relationship of each slab is determined from the test data and the values of maximum longitudinal shear stress calculated using different methods are described and compared.
