组织动机氛围对员工知识隐藏行为的影响

知识隐藏是知识管理领域的重要议题。目前,关于知识隐藏前因的研究已经取得很大进展,但对于员工知识隐藏行为在组织层面的影响因素却鲜有涉及。鉴于此,基于调节焦点理论,探讨组织动机氛围对员工知识隐藏行为的影响过程,并探究情境性调节焦点在其中的中介作用以及特质性调节焦点的调节作用。对276份企业员工调查问卷进行统计分析,结果表明:情境促进型焦点在掌控氛围与知识隐藏的负向关系间,以及情境防御型焦点在绩效氛围与知识隐藏的正向关系间均起部分中介作用,特质性调节焦点负向调节情境性调节焦点与知识隐藏间的关系。

革命根据地农业生产互助运动组织动机考察

处于特定历史条件下的农业生产互助运动,其发动者的动机是扩大再生产,参与者的动机也是扩大再生产。二者的动机达到有机统一,这是根据地农业生产互助运动取得巨大成功的根本原因之所在,更是这一历史时期中国共产党人为人民服务宗旨的最佳体现。

革命根据地农业生产互助运动组织动机考察

处于特定历史条件下的农业生产互助运动,其发动者的动机是扩大再生产,参与者的动机也是扩大再生产。二者的动机达到有机统一,这是根据地农业生产互助运动取得巨大成功的根本原因之所在,更是这一历史时期中国共产党人为人民服务宗旨的最佳体现。

近代中国传统农业生产互助组织动机考察

广大农民在近代中国特定的社会大环境下自身无力改善农业经营条件,生产情绪低落,从而导致近代农业生产的衰败。中国农业生产特点和农民传统习惯迫使中国农民需要互助,不过,互助无法进一步扩大,只有社会环境得以根本改变,农业生产互助才能成为发家致富的好途径。

组织动机感知、损失感知及知识共享意愿

知识共享是当前理论界和实践界研究的热点。本研究基于文献研究在理性行动理论以及社会交换理论基础上,探讨员工组织动机感知、损失感知与知识共享意愿的关系以及面子的调节作用。通过对580份调查问卷进行实证研究发现,组织动机感知与知识共享意愿正相关,损失感知与知识共享意愿负相关;面子负向调节损失感知与知识共享意愿的关系;面子正向调节组织动机感知与知识共享意愿的关系。研究结论对于企业促进员工知识共享意愿提升企业创新能力有重要的理论与实践指导意义。

基于调节焦点作用的员工建言行为动机研究

根据期望理论,借鉴组织公民行为动机相关研究,构建了建言行为动机模型。在此基础上,通过370对上下级配对问卷的分析,实证检验了关心组织动机、亲社会动机和印象管理动机对建言行为的预测作用,以及调节焦点对各种动机影响过程的调节作用。研究结果表明,关心组织动机、亲社会动机和印象管理动机对建言行为具有显著的正向预测作用。相对于高防御焦点的员工,低防御焦点员工的亲社会动机越高,表现出的促进性建言行为越多;印象管理动机越高,表现出的促进性和抑制性建言行为都会越多。相对于高促进焦点员工,低促进焦点员工印象管理动机越高,表现出的促进性建言行为越多。

亲组织非伦理行为:研究概述与展望

“亲组织非伦理行为(Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior, UPB)”是新近受到广泛关注的一种不道德行为。通过文献梳理,发现当前UPB的概念尚不明确:一部分研究认为UPB是员工由于真正关心组织而从事的不道德行为,而一部分研究将所有行为结果有利于组织的不道德行为都看作是UPB。因此,本文将已有的研究划分为行为动机取向与行为结果取向,并分别介绍两种视角下UPB的形成机制,旨在进一步厘清UPB的概念并促进其理论的进一步整合。本文认为,未来研究应该明确UPB的概念和结构,完善相应的测量方法,探索UPB的干预措施并拓展UPB的后效研究。

粉末燃料冲压发动机研究进展

粉末燃料冲压发动机采用高能金属或硼粉为燃料,兼具液体燃料冲压发动机推力可调、比冲高及固体火箭冲压发动机安全可靠、结构简单等优点,尤其是固体/粉末或液体/粉末燃料组合冲压发动机,粉末燃料的加入不仅可大幅提高传统冲压发动机的比冲等性能,还能改善并增加其原有功能,是极具发展潜力的新一代导弹动力装置之一。针对粉末燃料冲压发动机及其相关研究领域的发展现状进行了概述分析,并以此梳理出粉末燃料供给、发动机燃烧组织、发动机点火等粉末燃料冲压发动机主要关键技术,同时对发动机技术提出了高性能粉末燃料研究、冲压空气作为驱动流化气可行性研究、发动机快速响应和环境适应潜力及工作可靠性研究等几点研究展望。通过对粉末燃料冲压发动机相关研究技术进行综述梳理,明确了其研究的重点和难点,为发展高性能冲压发动机提供了一定参考。

焊接接头微观组织演化的可视化模拟

本文主要针对焊接接头微观组织演化建模及其可视化方法进行研究。采用元胞自动机模型,通过对焊接接头的微观组织晶粒生长进行模拟来分析和研究微观组织的形态学和动力学特征;通过微观组织图像人工生成技术,直观、精确地展现出微观组织演化的可视化效果。实验结果表明,经过回归分析得到的晶粒生长指数同主流的Burke经验公式相符,使用元胞自动机算法对微观组织演化进行的可视化模拟得到了令人满意的效果。

个体—组织培训动机匹配对培训迁移影响的路径与边界

培训管理实践一直存在受训员工所学与所用间不一致现象,而个体与组织培训动机间的匹配为解析该现象提供了新视角。研究以培训迁移行为为切入点,旨在探讨并验证了个体—组织培训动机匹配的结构构成及其对培训迁移行为的影响以及学习效果的中介作用和组织学习倾向的跨层次调节作用。通过"文献梳理—员工访谈—专家评定—探索性因素分析"的流程开发了个体—组织培训动机匹配量表(9题项),包含工作效用匹配(5题项)和职业效用匹配(4题项)两个维度。以42家企业的271名员工为样本,运用结构方程模型(SEM)和多层线性模型(HLM)对个体—组织培训动机匹配、学习效果、组织学习倾向和培训迁移的关系进行了实证检验。结果表明:个体—组织培训动机匹配正向影响培训迁移,学习效果在这一关系中起部分中介作用;组织学习倾向正向调节个体—组织培训动机匹配与培训迁移之间的关系。研究结论深化了培训动机和培训迁移理论研究,对企业提高培训效果具有重要借鉴意义。

乡镇治理韧性:多维表征与生成逻辑——基于G省乡镇调查的案例分析

乡镇治理韧性是乡镇政府作为治理主体在治理实践中所体现的顽强生命力,具备持久性、稳定性与动态演进的发展潜力。立足乡镇调查案例,将乡镇政府置于治理场域的结构性位置予以反思,乡镇治理韧性存在以事配人、因事制宜、顺事下沉等多维表征,能够重塑乡镇治理结构、创新治理技术和拓展治理空间。基于“结构—行为”的阐释路径,结构缝隙为生成乡镇治理韧性奠定了基础,而组织动机为乡镇治理韧性的生成提供了动力。要正视乡镇治理韧性的客观存在,致力于通过系统化与规范化的流程再造,切实发挥乡镇治理韧性在治理实践中的积极作用。

Dynamic recrystallization behavior of burn resistant titanium alloy Ti-25V-15Cr-0.2Si

Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior in β phase region for the burn resistant titanium alloy Ti?25V?15Cr?0.2Si was investigated with a compression test in the temperature range of 950?1100 °C and the strain rate of 0.001?1 s?1. The results show that deformation mechanism of this alloy in hot deformation is dominated by DRX, and new grains of DRX are evolved by bulging nucleation mechanism as a predominant mechanism. DRX occurs more easily with the decrease of strain rate and the increase of deformation temperature. Grain refinement is achieved due to DRX during the hot deformation at strain rate range of 0.01?0.1 s?1 and temperature range of 950?1050 °C. DRX grain coarsening is observed for the alloy deformed at the higher temperatures of 1100 °C and the lower strain rates of 0.001 s?1. Finally, in order to determine the recrystallized fraction and DRX grain size under different deformation conditions, the prediction models of recrystallization kinetics and recrystallized grain sizes were established.

Evaluation of driving behavior based on massive vehicle trajectory data

Based on the driver surveillance video data and controller area network(CAN)data,the methods of studying commercial vehicles’driving behavior is relatively advanced.However,these methods have difficulty in covering private vehicles.Naturalistic driving studies have disadvantages of small sample size and high cost,one new driving behavior evaluation method using massive vehicle trajectory data is put forward.An automatic encoding machine is used to reduce the noise of raw data,and then driving dynamics and self-organizing mapping(SOM)classification are used to give thresholds or the judgement method of overspeed,rapid speed change,rapid turning and rapid lane changing.The proportion of different driving behaviors and typical dangerous driving behaviors is calculated,then the temporal and spatial distribution of drivers’driving behavior and the driving behavior characteristics on typical roads are analyzed.Driving behaviors on accident-prone road sections and normal road sections are compared.Results show that in Shenzhen,frequent lane changing and overspeed are the most common unsafe driving behaviors;16.1%drivers have relatively aggressive driving behavior;the proportion of dangerous driving behavior is higher outside the original economic special zone;dangerous driving behavior is highly correlated with traffic accident frequency.

Evolution of microstructure of aluminum alloy hollow shaft in cross wedge rolling without mandrel

During the process of cross wedge rolling of aluminum alloy hollow shaft, the evolution of its microstructure has an important influence on the mechanical properties of the rolled piece. In order to obtain the microstructure evolution law of aluminum alloy hollow shaft in cross wedge rolling without mandrel, a finite element model is constructed through the finite element software Deform-3D. The influences of rolling temperature, sectional shrinkage,spreading angle and forming angle on the average grain size of rolled piece are studied by numerical simulation of microstructure evolution. The cellular automata method reveals the inherent relationship between the process parameters and the evolution of the microstructure, and provides a reference for optimizing the rolling process parameters of aluminum alloy hollow shafts and improving the forming quality. The results show that the average grain size of the rolled piece increases with the increase of the rolling temperature, decreases with the increase of the sectional shrinkage,and decreases first and then increases with the increase of the spreading angle, and changes little with the increase of the forming angle.

Cellular automaton simulation of dynamic recrystallization behavior in V-10Cr-5Ti alloy under hot deformation conditions

The deformation behavior of V-10Cr-5Ti alloy was studied on the Gleeble-1500 thermomechanical simulator at the temperatures of 950-1350℃, and the strain rates of 0.01-10 s^-1. Based on the Arrhenius model, dislocation density model, nucleation model and grain growth model, a numerical cellular automaton (CA) model coupling simulation of hot deformation is established to simulate and characterize the microstructural evolution during DRX. The results show that the flow stress is fairly sensitive to the strain rate and deformation temperature. The error between the predicted stress by the Arrhenius model and the actual measured value is less than 8%. The initial average grain size calculated by the CA model is 86.25 μm, which is close to the experimental result (85.63 μm). The simulations show that the effect of initial grain size on the dynamic recrystallization microstructure evolution is not significant, while increasing the strain rate or reducing the temperature can refine the recrystallized grains.

Innovations and Regional Development in Non-Profit Sector of the Czech Republic

The aim of this study is to present one of the possibilities of innovations focused on regional development in the non-profit sector. The primary basis shows the way to eliminate or remove the problem fields, the so-called non-profit organizations failures such as philanthropic insufficiency, philanthropic paternalism, philanthropic amateurism and philanthropic particularism. These present the final values and provide conclusions of the Analysis of Non-profit Non-governmental Organisations of Zlin Region. The current situation reveals the longstanding problem of non-profit non-governmental organizations, which is the absence of professional marketing staff, and suggests new possibilities for university graduates＂ application on the labour market, thus creating the essential platform for new approaches in designing educational programs. Non-profit organizations should therefore pay increasing attention to addressing both general public and particularly the youth since young people may be their future volunteers, employees, donors and sympathizers.

Development of the Interurban Service with the Use of Alternative Commercial Road Trains

The main task of this paper is to review the principal aspects in organization of interurban long haul service with the use of road trains on the basis of the ＂district＂ traffic system. The goal of the paper is to determine the most effective methods of trucking operations in order to highlight the regularities that characterize these methods. The paper describes practicable methods of freight flow analysis, some factors and parameters concerning movement of motor-vehicle trains and original route schedules as well. Of special interest is the obtained algorithm of economically effective trucking operations of motor-vehicle trains on the route.

ssues of Human Beings Trafficking in Albania

The theme of trafficking of human beings treats one of the most severe and dangerous criminal phenomena of the organized crime in Albania. The objects of this paper are： human trafficking; ways of trafficking; risk of Albanian society; and investment of the criminal benefits deriving from trafficking in legal economic activities, it is of great importance for the treatment of proactive investigations to the trafficking of human beings. Another important aspect of the trafficking investigations is the investigation of criminal assets and the way how they are used in the economy of the country. In this paper, we stress that the investigation of criminal assets benefited by the crime of trafficking human beings as well as other wealth financed by these assets is important as the investigation of the criminal activity of trafficking itself. Also, we aim to evaluate the necessity of acting of all law enforcement agencies and other state institutions in order to be successful in the fight against the crime of trafficking of human beings. At the end of this paper, we do treat the necessity and the ways of collaboration of law enforcement agencies, NGOs, and structures of local government for rehabilitation of the victims of trafficking and their integration in the social life.

Simulation of solidification microstructure of Fe-6.5%Si alloy using cellular automaton-finite element method

3D microstructures of Fe–6.5%Si(mass fraction) alloys prepared under different cooling conditions were simulated via finite element-cellular automaton(CAFE) method. The simulated results were compared to experimental results and found to be in accordance. Variations in the temperature field and solid-liquid region, which plays important roles in determining solidification structures, were also examined under various cooling conditions. The proposed model was utilized to determine the effects of Gaussian distribution parameters to find that the lower the mean undercooling, the higher the equiaxed crystal zone ratio; also, the larger the maximum nucleation density, the smaller the grain size. The influence of superheat on solidification structure and columnar to equiaxed transition(CET) in the cast ingot was also investigated to find that decrease in superheat from 52 K to 20 K causes the equiaxed crystal zone ratio to increase from 58.13% to 65.6%, the mean gain radius to decrease from 2.102 mm to 1.871 mm, and the CET to occur ahead of schedule. To this effect, low superheat casting is beneficial to obtain finer equiaxed gains and higher equiaxed dendrite zone ratio in Fe–6.5%Si alloy cast ingots.

Osteoporosis as A Source of Tissue Mineralization Research on Osteoporosis Therapy and Dissolution of Arterial Mineralization

Based on research conducted by the author in the last thirty-five years, this article presents the physicochemical mechanisms of the osteoporosis process, transport of substances created as its result, and the phenomena of tissue mineralization resulting from osteoporosis. Examination of bones, joint cartilage, arteries, veins, parts of heart, thyroid, salivary glands, various tumors and others was conducted with the use of biological and polarizing microscopy, SEM, EDS, ASA, IR, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Several devices of the same kind, e.g. different types of SEM, were used. Specimens used for examination were obtained from post-surgery and post rnortem materials. Examination of human bones focused on their mineralization and demineralization （osteoporosis）. Examination of the mineralization of other tissues was conducted in terms of the ageing of human body. Obtained results show that the process of osteoporosis leads not just to mechanical degradation of bones, but through the transport of ions （mainly Ca and P）, it also causes mineralization of soft tissue. Such mineralization occurs in mineralization centers that have been classified in regard to genetics. Tissue mineralization in its first stage is latent and consists of including atoms, mainly Ca and P, into the biological structures of compounds that build the tissues. Latent mineralization may evolve into the next stage--apparent mineralization. Both types of mineralization cause many health issues and may lead to death. This article also presents initial results of research on dissolution of aortic mineralization.