The globularization behavior and mechanism of TC17 alloy with basketweave microstructure were investigated, and the models of dynamic and static globularization kinetics were established. The quantitative and metallog...The globularization behavior and mechanism of TC17 alloy with basketweave microstructure were investigated, and the models of dynamic and static globularization kinetics were established. The quantitative and metallographic results show that the globularization of α phase is sensitive to the parameters of deformation and heat treatment. By EBSD analysis, the formation and evolution mechanisms of intra-α boundaries are related to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and continuous dynamic recrystallization, which can form α grains with high and low misorientations between neighbour grains after the heat treatment, respectively. Based on the globularization behavior and mechanism, two modified JMAK models are developed to predict the dynamic and static globularization kinetics, and the mean absolute relative errors(MARE) of 10.67% and 13.80% indicate the accuracy of the dynamic and static globularization kinetics models. The results of this work can provide guidance for controlling microstructure of titanium alloy.展开更多
This paper reviews the literatures of the traditional and the modem organizational model to generalize their categories, features and faults. Based on the unification of the Chinese traditional culture and the “YIN a...This paper reviews the literatures of the traditional and the modem organizational model to generalize their categories, features and faults. Based on the unification of the Chinese traditional culture and the “YIN and YANG” principles, it discusses how to understand the hypotheses of the organizational models, analyzes the traditional and the leading models, and puts forward two hypotheses, the fixed structure and the flexible structure of organizations.展开更多
Hot deformation behaviors and microstructure evolution of Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe(Ti-35421)alloy in theβsingle field are investigated by isothermal compression tests on a Gleeble-3500 simulator at temperatures of 820-...Hot deformation behaviors and microstructure evolution of Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe(Ti-35421)alloy in theβsingle field are investigated by isothermal compression tests on a Gleeble-3500 simulator at temperatures of 820-900°C and strain rates of 0.001-1 s^(-1).The research results show that discontinuous yield phenomenon and rheological softening are affected by the strain rates and deformation temperatures.The critical conditions for dynamic recrystallization and kinetic model of Ti-35421 alloy are determined,and the Arrhenius constitutive model is constructed.The rheological behaviors of Ti-35421 alloys aboveβphase transformation temperature are predicted by the constitutive model accurately.The EBSD analysis proves that the deformation softening is controlled by dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization.In addition,continuous dynamic recrystallization is determined during hot deformation,and the calculation model for recrystallization grain sizes is established.Good linear dependency between the experimental and simulated values of recrystallized grain sizes indicates that the present model can be used for the prediction of recrystallized grain size with high accuracy.展开更多
AIM:To establish the end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) model of guinea pig bile duct and evaluate the healing process of bile duct.METHODS:Thirty-two male guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group,2-,3-,and 6-mo...AIM:To establish the end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) model of guinea pig bile duct and evaluate the healing process of bile duct.METHODS:Thirty-two male guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group,2-,3-,and 6-mo groups after establishment of EEA model.Histological,immunohistochemical and serologic tests as well as measurement of bile contents were performed.The bile duct diameter and the diameter ratio (DR) were measured to assess the formation of relative stricture.RESULTS:Acute and chronic inflammatory reactions occurred throughout the healing process of bile duct.Serology test and bile content measurement showed no formation of persistent stricture in 6-mo group.The DR revealed a transient formation of relative stricture in 2-mo group in comparation to control group (2.94 ± 0.17 vs 1.89 ± 0.27,P=0.004).However,this relative stricture was released in 6-mo group (2.14 ± 0.18,P=0.440).CONCLUSION:A simple and reliable EEA model of guinea pig bile duct can be established with a good reproducibility and a satisfactory survival rate.展开更多
Objective To study the expression of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) in normal mouse retina and experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV) tissues. Methods CNV mouse models were induced by diode laser. T...Objective To study the expression of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) in normal mouse retina and experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV) tissues. Methods CNV mouse models were induced by diode laser. The expression of PEDF mRNA and protein in normal mouse retina and CNV tissues were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical study. Results In normal mouse retina, PEDF mRNA was observed in the ganglion cell layer, inner nuclear layer and RPE cell layer, and PEDF protein was observed mainly in the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, photoreceptor cell layer and RPE cell layer, and lower level expression of PEDF protein was also observed in the inner plexiform layer and outer plexiform layer. In CNV tissues, the expression of PEDF mRNA and protein was also observed. 3d and 1 week after photocoagulation, the expression level of PEDF was relatively lower, and increased following the development of CNV. The level was the highest 2 weeks after photocoagulation, then decreased at 3 weeks. Conclusion PEDF was expressed in different layers of retina and was obviously expressed in the CNV tissues induced by laser photocoagulation. These findings suggest that PEDF may participate and modulate the development of CNV.展开更多
Complex behavior in a selective aging simple neuron model based on small world networks is investigated. The basic elements of the model are endowed with the main features of a neuron function. The structure of the se...Complex behavior in a selective aging simple neuron model based on small world networks is investigated. The basic elements of the model are endowed with the main features of a neuron function. The structure of the selective aging neuron model is discussed. We also give some properties of the new network and find that the neuron model displays a power-law behavior. If the brain network is small world-like network, the mean avalanche size is almost the same unless the aging parameter is big enough.展开更多
Growth, innovation, and strategic focus are vital for long-term success of multinational corporations （MNCs）. MNCs must create the organizational culture and process for increased competitiveness to sustain better m...Growth, innovation, and strategic focus are vital for long-term success of multinational corporations （MNCs）. MNCs must create the organizational culture and process for increased competitiveness to sustain better market shares and profits. Towards this end, MNCs should develop a comprehensive innovation strategy. Innovation is a way of life and the spirit of innovation, like the spirit of entrepreneurship, must be sustained. The goal should be continuous growth with competitiveness. And towards this purpose, organizations must innovate. The article draws from innovation concepts as they would lead to organizational growth and competitiveness. MNC international structure, culture, and leadership style have an influence on the innovation culture and creativity process in the MNC organization. The article sets forth a model for MNC decision-making structure and organizational culture for facilitating the innovative fervor and capability to be more favorable to the MNC. The models presented here are meaningful in the quest for greater MNC innovativeness and creativity.展开更多
Acellular porcine small intestinal submucosa(SIS)has been used for esophagoplasty with success in a canine model.However,it did not lead to complete epithelialization.For better reconstruction,a cellular component is ...Acellular porcine small intestinal submucosa(SIS)has been used for esophagoplasty with success in a canine model.However,it did not lead to complete epithelialization.For better reconstruction,a cellular component is required.Moreover,promotion of angiogenesis with copper has been widely recognized by basic research as well as clinical studies.In this study,we have evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of combined Cu and SIS(SIS-Cu patch)for the esophageal repair using a canine model.Eighteen male beagle dogs were subjected to surgical resection to produce cervical esophageal defects(5 cm in length,180°in range).SIS with Cu(5 or 25μmol L 1copper)or without Cu was patched on the esophageal defects.Barium esophagram and histology exam were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy.As shown,the SIS-Cu graft promoted re-epithelialization,re-vascularization and muscular regeneration.SIS-Cu patch is more effective than SIS alone for esophageal repair,and the SIS+25μmol L 1Cu group demonstrated additional advantages over the SIS+5μmol L 1Cu.展开更多
A new force is introduced in the social force model （SFM） for computing following behavior in pedestrian counterflow, whereby an individual tries to approach others in the same direction to avoid conflicts with pede...A new force is introduced in the social force model （SFM） for computing following behavior in pedestrian counterflow, whereby an individual tries to approach others in the same direction to avoid conflicts with pedestrians from the opposite direction. The force, like a kind of gravitation, is modeled based on the movement state and visual field of the pedestrian, and is added to the classical SFM. The modified model is presented to study the impact of following behavior on the process of lane formation, the conflict, the number of lanes formed, and the traffic efficiency in the simulations. Simulation results show that the following behavior has a significant effect on the phenomenon of lane formation and the traffic efficiency.展开更多
基金the support from the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from Shaanxi Province, China (No. 2020JC-17)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51705425)+1 种基金the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NWPU), China (No. 2019-QZ-04)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (No. 3102019PY007)。
文摘The globularization behavior and mechanism of TC17 alloy with basketweave microstructure were investigated, and the models of dynamic and static globularization kinetics were established. The quantitative and metallographic results show that the globularization of α phase is sensitive to the parameters of deformation and heat treatment. By EBSD analysis, the formation and evolution mechanisms of intra-α boundaries are related to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and continuous dynamic recrystallization, which can form α grains with high and low misorientations between neighbour grains after the heat treatment, respectively. Based on the globularization behavior and mechanism, two modified JMAK models are developed to predict the dynamic and static globularization kinetics, and the mean absolute relative errors(MARE) of 10.67% and 13.80% indicate the accuracy of the dynamic and static globularization kinetics models. The results of this work can provide guidance for controlling microstructure of titanium alloy.
文摘This paper reviews the literatures of the traditional and the modem organizational model to generalize their categories, features and faults. Based on the unification of the Chinese traditional culture and the “YIN and YANG” principles, it discusses how to understand the hypotheses of the organizational models, analyzes the traditional and the leading models, and puts forward two hypotheses, the fixed structure and the flexible structure of organizations.
基金the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52001163, 52075237)the Primary Research and Development Plan of Jiangsu Province, China (No. BE2019119)
文摘Hot deformation behaviors and microstructure evolution of Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe(Ti-35421)alloy in theβsingle field are investigated by isothermal compression tests on a Gleeble-3500 simulator at temperatures of 820-900°C and strain rates of 0.001-1 s^(-1).The research results show that discontinuous yield phenomenon and rheological softening are affected by the strain rates and deformation temperatures.The critical conditions for dynamic recrystallization and kinetic model of Ti-35421 alloy are determined,and the Arrhenius constitutive model is constructed.The rheological behaviors of Ti-35421 alloys aboveβphase transformation temperature are predicted by the constitutive model accurately.The EBSD analysis proves that the deformation softening is controlled by dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization.In addition,continuous dynamic recrystallization is determined during hot deformation,and the calculation model for recrystallization grain sizes is established.Good linear dependency between the experimental and simulated values of recrystallized grain sizes indicates that the present model can be used for the prediction of recrystallized grain size with high accuracy.
基金Supported by A grant from National 863 Program of China,No.2007AA04Z313
文摘AIM:To establish the end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) model of guinea pig bile duct and evaluate the healing process of bile duct.METHODS:Thirty-two male guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group,2-,3-,and 6-mo groups after establishment of EEA model.Histological,immunohistochemical and serologic tests as well as measurement of bile contents were performed.The bile duct diameter and the diameter ratio (DR) were measured to assess the formation of relative stricture.RESULTS:Acute and chronic inflammatory reactions occurred throughout the healing process of bile duct.Serology test and bile content measurement showed no formation of persistent stricture in 6-mo group.The DR revealed a transient formation of relative stricture in 2-mo group in comparation to control group (2.94 ± 0.17 vs 1.89 ± 0.27,P=0.004).However,this relative stricture was released in 6-mo group (2.14 ± 0.18,P=0.440).CONCLUSION:A simple and reliable EEA model of guinea pig bile duct can be established with a good reproducibility and a satisfactory survival rate.
文摘Objective To study the expression of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) in normal mouse retina and experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV) tissues. Methods CNV mouse models were induced by diode laser. The expression of PEDF mRNA and protein in normal mouse retina and CNV tissues were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical study. Results In normal mouse retina, PEDF mRNA was observed in the ganglion cell layer, inner nuclear layer and RPE cell layer, and PEDF protein was observed mainly in the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, photoreceptor cell layer and RPE cell layer, and lower level expression of PEDF protein was also observed in the inner plexiform layer and outer plexiform layer. In CNV tissues, the expression of PEDF mRNA and protein was also observed. 3d and 1 week after photocoagulation, the expression level of PEDF was relatively lower, and increased following the development of CNV. The level was the highest 2 weeks after photocoagulation, then decreased at 3 weeks. Conclusion PEDF was expressed in different layers of retina and was obviously expressed in the CNV tissues induced by laser photocoagulation. These findings suggest that PEDF may participate and modulate the development of CNV.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10675060
文摘Complex behavior in a selective aging simple neuron model based on small world networks is investigated. The basic elements of the model are endowed with the main features of a neuron function. The structure of the selective aging neuron model is discussed. We also give some properties of the new network and find that the neuron model displays a power-law behavior. If the brain network is small world-like network, the mean avalanche size is almost the same unless the aging parameter is big enough.
文摘Growth, innovation, and strategic focus are vital for long-term success of multinational corporations （MNCs）. MNCs must create the organizational culture and process for increased competitiveness to sustain better market shares and profits. Towards this end, MNCs should develop a comprehensive innovation strategy. Innovation is a way of life and the spirit of innovation, like the spirit of entrepreneurship, must be sustained. The goal should be continuous growth with competitiveness. And towards this purpose, organizations must innovate. The article draws from innovation concepts as they would lead to organizational growth and competitiveness. MNC international structure, culture, and leadership style have an influence on the innovation culture and creativity process in the MNC organization. The article sets forth a model for MNC decision-making structure and organizational culture for facilitating the innovative fervor and capability to be more favorable to the MNC. The models presented here are meaningful in the quest for greater MNC innovativeness and creativity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31271058 and 81100327)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA020503)
文摘Acellular porcine small intestinal submucosa(SIS)has been used for esophagoplasty with success in a canine model.However,it did not lead to complete epithelialization.For better reconstruction,a cellular component is required.Moreover,promotion of angiogenesis with copper has been widely recognized by basic research as well as clinical studies.In this study,we have evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of combined Cu and SIS(SIS-Cu patch)for the esophageal repair using a canine model.Eighteen male beagle dogs were subjected to surgical resection to produce cervical esophageal defects(5 cm in length,180°in range).SIS with Cu(5 or 25μmol L 1copper)or without Cu was patched on the esophageal defects.Barium esophagram and histology exam were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy.As shown,the SIS-Cu graft promoted re-epithelialization,re-vascularization and muscular regeneration.SIS-Cu patch is more effective than SIS alone for esophageal repair,and the SIS+25μmol L 1Cu group demonstrated additional advantages over the SIS+5μmol L 1Cu.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51278221 and 51378076）, the Chinese Postdoc- toral Science Foundation （Nos. 2015M571369 and 2012M511343）, and Jilin Science and Technology Development Program, China （Nos. 20140204027SF and 20170101155JC）
文摘A new force is introduced in the social force model （SFM） for computing following behavior in pedestrian counterflow, whereby an individual tries to approach others in the same direction to avoid conflicts with pedestrians from the opposite direction. The force, like a kind of gravitation, is modeled based on the movement state and visual field of the pedestrian, and is added to the classical SFM. The modified model is presented to study the impact of following behavior on the process of lane formation, the conflict, the number of lanes formed, and the traffic efficiency in the simulations. Simulation results show that the following behavior has a significant effect on the phenomenon of lane formation and the traffic efficiency.
