盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)是盆底肌肉与结缔组织薄弱和损伤时造成盆腔脏器下降移位而引发的器官位置及功能异常,是一种严重困扰女性生活和工作的常见疾病。POP的发病因素包括分娩、妊娠、肥胖、便秘、年龄、遗传等[1]。...盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)是盆底肌肉与结缔组织薄弱和损伤时造成盆腔脏器下降移位而引发的器官位置及功能异常,是一种严重困扰女性生活和工作的常见疾病。POP的发病因素包括分娩、妊娠、肥胖、便秘、年龄、遗传等[1]。根据美国的一项统计显示,50~79岁妇女POP的发病率是41.4%[2]。2021年朱兰教授团队[3]发现我国成年女性症状性POP患病率达9.6%,其首次手术的终生风险为11.1%,再次手术也很常见,妇女一生中因POP需要手术治疗的风险为7%。目前治疗POP的手术大部分与网片植入有关,网片的应用在POP的盆底重建手术中占据了极其重要的作用,但自从2019年4月美国食品和药物管理局发布了关于经阴道植入网片的禁令后,如何使网片能够应用于临床帮助患者达到更好的治疗效果,引起了大家的广泛关注。组织工程治疗作为一个医工交叉的学科,它具有生物力学、生物材料学和细胞分子生物学三大学科支持的特点,主要包括四个方面:种子细胞,生物材料,构建组织、器官的方法和技术以及组织工程的临床应用,其在POP治疗中具有诸多优势[4],下面对POP修复中合成网片的研究进展进行综述。展开更多
Objective. To explore a feasible method to repair full-thickness skin defects utilizing tissue engineered techniques. Methods： The Changfeng hybrid swines were used and the skin specimens were cut from the posterior...Objective. To explore a feasible method to repair full-thickness skin defects utilizing tissue engineered techniques. Methods： The Changfeng hybrid swines were used and the skin specimens were cut from the posterior limb girdle region, from which the keratinocytes and fibroblasts were isolated and harvested by trypsin, EDTA, and type II collagenase. The cells were seeded in Petri dishes for primary culture. When the cells were in logarithmic growth phase, they were treated with trypsin to separate them from the floor of the tissue culture dishes. A biodegradable material, Pluronic F-127, was prefabricated and mixed with these cells, and then the cell-Pluronic compounds were seeded evenly into a polyglycolic acid （PGA）. Then the constructs were replanted to the autologous animals to repair the full-thickness skin defects. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the neotissue were observed in 1, 2, 4, and 8 postoperative weeks. Results. The cell-Pluronic F-127-PGA compounds repaired autologous full-thickness skin defects 1 week after implantation. Histologically, the tissue engineered skin was similar to the normal skin with stratified epidermis overlying a moderately thick collageneous dermis. Three of the structural proteins in the epidermal basement membrane zone, type IV collagen, laminin, and type VII collagen were detected using immunohistochemicai methods. Conclusions ： By studying the histology and immunohistochemistry of the neotissue, the bioengineered skin graft holds great promise for improving healing of the skin defects.展开更多
Meniscal injury is one of the most common injuries to the knee. The menisci are important for normal knee function. And loss of a meniscus increases the risk of subsequent development of degenerative changes in the kn...Meniscal injury is one of the most common injuries to the knee. The menisci are important for normal knee function. And loss of a meniscus increases the risk of subsequent development of degenerative changes in the knee. Now there are different techniques available for meniscal injury. These techniques include expectant treatment, meniscectomy, meniscal repair, meniscal replacement, and meniscal tissue engineering. Expectant treatment is the appropriate treatment for minor tears of the menisci. Meniscectomy being favored at the beginning is now obsolete. Meniscus repair has become a standard procedure. Meniscal replacement and tissue engineering are used to deal with considerable meniscal injuries. The purpose of this paper is to provide current knowledge regarding the anatomy and function of the menisci, incidence,aetiology, symptoms, signs, investigations and treatments of meniscal injury.展开更多
In this paper, the definitions and contents of regenerative medicine, including tissue engineering, cell therapy, cytokiee therapy and microecologic cure, were presented. And then, the prospacts and difficulties for c...In this paper, the definitions and contents of regenerative medicine, including tissue engineering, cell therapy, cytokiee therapy and microecologic cure, were presented. And then, the prospacts and difficulties for clinical application of these therapies were further mentioned. It indicated that the regenerative medicine came to a new era with full of opportunities and challenges. To face and seize this evanescent opportunity is worthy of detailed discussions.展开更多
文摘盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)是盆底肌肉与结缔组织薄弱和损伤时造成盆腔脏器下降移位而引发的器官位置及功能异常,是一种严重困扰女性生活和工作的常见疾病。POP的发病因素包括分娩、妊娠、肥胖、便秘、年龄、遗传等[1]。根据美国的一项统计显示,50~79岁妇女POP的发病率是41.4%[2]。2021年朱兰教授团队[3]发现我国成年女性症状性POP患病率达9.6%,其首次手术的终生风险为11.1%,再次手术也很常见,妇女一生中因POP需要手术治疗的风险为7%。目前治疗POP的手术大部分与网片植入有关,网片的应用在POP的盆底重建手术中占据了极其重要的作用,但自从2019年4月美国食品和药物管理局发布了关于经阴道植入网片的禁令后,如何使网片能够应用于临床帮助患者达到更好的治疗效果,引起了大家的广泛关注。组织工程治疗作为一个医工交叉的学科,它具有生物力学、生物材料学和细胞分子生物学三大学科支持的特点,主要包括四个方面:种子细胞,生物材料,构建组织、器官的方法和技术以及组织工程的临床应用,其在POP治疗中具有诸多优势[4],下面对POP修复中合成网片的研究进展进行综述。
文摘Objective. To explore a feasible method to repair full-thickness skin defects utilizing tissue engineered techniques. Methods： The Changfeng hybrid swines were used and the skin specimens were cut from the posterior limb girdle region, from which the keratinocytes and fibroblasts were isolated and harvested by trypsin, EDTA, and type II collagenase. The cells were seeded in Petri dishes for primary culture. When the cells were in logarithmic growth phase, they were treated with trypsin to separate them from the floor of the tissue culture dishes. A biodegradable material, Pluronic F-127, was prefabricated and mixed with these cells, and then the cell-Pluronic compounds were seeded evenly into a polyglycolic acid （PGA）. Then the constructs were replanted to the autologous animals to repair the full-thickness skin defects. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the neotissue were observed in 1, 2, 4, and 8 postoperative weeks. Results. The cell-Pluronic F-127-PGA compounds repaired autologous full-thickness skin defects 1 week after implantation. Histologically, the tissue engineered skin was similar to the normal skin with stratified epidermis overlying a moderately thick collageneous dermis. Three of the structural proteins in the epidermal basement membrane zone, type IV collagen, laminin, and type VII collagen were detected using immunohistochemicai methods. Conclusions ： By studying the histology and immunohistochemistry of the neotissue, the bioengineered skin graft holds great promise for improving healing of the skin defects.
文摘Meniscal injury is one of the most common injuries to the knee. The menisci are important for normal knee function. And loss of a meniscus increases the risk of subsequent development of degenerative changes in the knee. Now there are different techniques available for meniscal injury. These techniques include expectant treatment, meniscectomy, meniscal repair, meniscal replacement, and meniscal tissue engineering. Expectant treatment is the appropriate treatment for minor tears of the menisci. Meniscectomy being favored at the beginning is now obsolete. Meniscus repair has become a standard procedure. Meniscal replacement and tissue engineering are used to deal with considerable meniscal injuries. The purpose of this paper is to provide current knowledge regarding the anatomy and function of the menisci, incidence,aetiology, symptoms, signs, investigations and treatments of meniscal injury.
文摘In this paper, the definitions and contents of regenerative medicine, including tissue engineering, cell therapy, cytokiee therapy and microecologic cure, were presented. And then, the prospacts and difficulties for clinical application of these therapies were further mentioned. It indicated that the regenerative medicine came to a new era with full of opportunities and challenges. To face and seize this evanescent opportunity is worthy of detailed discussions.
