论人民公社体制的组织意义

文章对人民公社的组织意义作了探讨。认为公社体制是将农村个体经济地组织起来，通过政治、经济和意识形态进行控制的机制。公社体制下国家与社会关系的特点是社区政权化，社会国家化，虽然保证了国家的强控制，但也牺牲了乡村的自治，造成了国家对社会的过度介入。公社体制下国家对社会的强烈控制，造成了乡村社会政治、经济和社会生活的停滞和混乱，因此。

中国石油的企业社会责任演进过程——基于组织意义建构和制度整合视角的案例研究

企业社会责任演进是剖析企业承担社会责任本质的关键问题,从演进过程中能够探究企业承担社会责任的基本规律和关键影响因素。本文采用案例与评价相结合的研究方法,引入Basu和Palazzo的研究框架,构建了企业社会责任演进综合评价模型,包含"认知、释义和意动"三个准则层和"身份导向、合法性、辩护、透明度、规范化、CSR报告鉴定等级、姿态、一致性和承诺"九项评价指标。采用G1+模糊综合评价法量化了中国石油(2006—2015年)的企业社会责任演进过程,着重从组织层面探究其演进规律及动因,研究发现推动中国石油企业社会责任发展主要是政治因素,进一步强调了制度因素是推动企业社会责任发展的有效外部力量。同时指出制度因素(外部)与企业的组织意义建构过程(内部)之间的交互作用引导了企业社会责任的演进历程。

基于组织意义建构和制度理论的企业社会责任演进研究

企业社会责任具有阶段性,研究企业社会责任演进有助于分析企业承担社会责任的本质。本文借鉴Basu和Palazzo的研究框架,构建了包含"认知、释义、意动"三个准则层的企业社会责任演进的评价模型。依据该模型,本文采用G1+模糊综合评价法,量化壳牌(1995—2019年)与中国石油(2006—2019年)的企业社会责任演进过程,探究其演进阶段特征、演进规律,揭示企业社会责任演进过程的差异性。研究表明,制度因素是推动壳牌和中国石油企业社会责任演进的共同因素,其中,社会文化是推动壳牌社会责任演进的主要因素,而政策压力是推动中国石油社会责任演进的主要因素。同时,进一步论证了组织意义建构(内部)和制度因素(外部)的交互作用推动了企业社会责任演进。

制度化领导力对组织创新的影响

基于制度化领导力研究的新进展,利用问卷调查方法进行实证研究。结果发现实务型制度化领导力对组织创新有负向的影响,意义型制度化领导力对组织创新有正向的影响,揭示了不同类型制度化领导力对组织创新的不同影响。

高中英语教学中组织课外活动的探索

课外活动以知识高中阶段英语学科教学的重要一种形式,其主要是从课堂教学之外为给学生创设利于学生锻炼自身语言能力的环境,给学生提供更多实践平台。同时,学生在参与课外活动的过程中也会产生强烈的学习主动性,促进学生英语综合能力的提高,最大程度地发挥学生的兴趣与特长,让学生在活动中形成积极的态度。由此可见,课外活动的组织对教师提高课堂教学效率提供了良好的基础,同时又能提高学生的综合素质。为此,该文从高中英语教学中课外活动的组织意义与策略两个方面进行分析,以期能为其他教育者开展教学提供借鉴。

宗教人类学研究的两个整体性原理

在宗教教义解读、灵修和体验研究之外,人类学思考由信仰引申出的社会文化联系,它可能涉及到两种整体论的观察角度:一是涵盖生境的、组织的、意义的整体观。一是生物一文化整体观。

浅谈高职院校精品课程的建设

高职院校精品课程建设质量不高的现实引发我们重新认识精品课程建设的意义。要加强精品课程建设,采取全面规划、加强教师队伍建设、精品课程专业与辅助团队建设、建立精品课程建设的支持系统等措施,促进高职院校精品课程建设上新台阶。

浅谈老年合唱之体会

本文以浅谈老年合唱的点滴体会为主要内容,首先论述了合唱艺术带来的积极作用,接着谈到老年合唱团的兴起与发展,并总结其组织意义,最后着重探究老年合唱团的声乐训练方式,以最有效地发挥老年合唱团的作用,并使其愉悦老年人的身心。

组织变革意义认知对员工的影响:工作投入和工作倦怠的双中介机制

从员工主观认知层面出发,基于工作需求—资源模型,探讨组织变革情境下工作投入和工作倦怠在组织变革意义认知和员工幸福感、离职倾向之间的中介作用。通过对234名企业员工进行的多时点匹配问卷调查的数据分析结果表明:员工组织变革意义认知通过影响工作投入和工作倦怠,最终影响员工幸福感和离职倾向。具体来说,员工工作投入和工作倦怠中介了员工组织变革意义认知与离职倾向之间的关系;工作投入中介了组织变革意义认知和员工幸福感之间的关系。

高中英语教学中课外实践活动教学策略探究

课外活动是高中阶段英语学科教学的重要形式,其主要是在课堂教学之外给学生创设利于学生提升自身语言能力的环境,给学生提供更多实践平台。学生在参加课外活动的过程中也会产生强烈的学习主动性,促进学生英语综合能力的提高,发挥学生的兴趣与特长,让学生在活动中形成积极的态度。由此可见,课外活动的组织为教师提高课堂教学效率提供了良好的基础。

深圳市天主教爱国会组团访港

1994年12月26日,以深圳市天主教爱国会主席彭锦程为首的教友一行4人,前往香港作为期五天的参观访问。他们在港期间共参观15座教堂和香港教区创办的社会福利事业共计37处。

The expressions of Pin1, β-catenin and cyclin D1 in elderly lung carcinomas and their significance

Objective： To investigate the expressions and correlations of Pin1, β-catenin and cyclin D1 in elderly lung carcinomas. Methods： The expressions of Pin1, β-catenin and cyclin D1 were examined in the specimens of 92 elderly lung carcinomas and 10 normal lung tissues by immunohistochemistry and explored the relationship between the expression levels and clinicopathological factors. Results： （1） The overexpression of Pin1 and cyclin D1 in lung carcinomas was 46 （50%） cases and 60 （65.22%） cases respectively and 56 （60.82%） cases showed positive immunoreactivity for 13-catenin in the nuclear and （or） cytoplasmic fraction in tumor tissues. In normal tissue, the expressions of Pin1 and cyclin D1 were negative, the expression of β-catenin was lied in cell membrane. （2） In lung carcinomas the expressions of Pin1, β-catenin and cyclin D1 correlated with tumor differentiation （P 〈 0.05）. The pesitive expression rate and intensity of Pin1 correlated with tumor stage （P = 0.032） and lymph node positive disease （P = 0.041）. The expression of β-catenin correlated with lymph node positive disease （P = 0.012）. （3） High expression levels of Pin1 correlated with aberrant I]-catenin expression （P = 0.000） but did not show a correlation with cyclin D1 （P = 0.157）. Conclusion： In elderly lung carcinomas, the positive expression of Pin1 causes abnormal accumulation of β-catenin and actives its target gene, however, this target gene was not cyclin DI. The detection of Pin1 expression had some clinical significance in estimating prognosis of elderly patient with lung carcinomas.

KiSS-1及MMP-9与宫颈癌关系的研究进展

肿瘤的发生、发展是多因素参与的复杂过程,转移与侵袭既是恶性肿瘤重要的生物学行为,也是影响患者恢复与预后的关键。癌基因的激活与抑癌基因的失活在疾病发展过程及演变过程中发挥着重要作用。本文通过研究抑癌基因KISS-1与癌基因MMP-9的表达情况并分析其表达与宫颈癌患者相关病理学参数的关系以研究该两项指标在宫颈癌发生、发展及转移过程中的作用及相互关系。

A NEW FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF STOMACH CANCER AND ITS PATHOBIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The functional differentiations of stomach cancer specimens from 121 patients were investigated by enzyme-,mucin-,affinity-and immunohistochemical methods, and the stomach cancers were divided into five functionally differentiated types : 1 ) Absorptive Function Differentiation Type (AFDT), 19. 8% ; 2) Mucin Secreting Function Differentiation Type(MSFDT) , 24. 0% ; 3) Absorptive and Mucin-Producing Function Differentiation Type(AMPFDT) , 47. 1%; 4 ) Special Function Differentiation Type(SFDT) , 0. 8 %; and 5) Non-Function Differentiation Type(NFDT) , 8. 3%. The results indicate that stomach cancer tissues of the same histological type often display differing functional differentiation, and these functionally differentiated types have different invasive and metastatic characteristics. In addition, the functionally differentiated types have particular organic affinities of metastasis and different clinical prognoses. This study suggests that this new functional classification may supplement histological classification. The mechanisms of liver and ovary metastases of stomach cancer are also dis-cussed.

Expression and clinical significance of HIF-1α,VEGF and Survivin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Objective： To evaluate the expression and correlation of hypoxia inducible factor la （HIF-la） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and Survivin proteins in biopsy specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC）, and then determine whether the levels of expression of these proteins could predict the clinical effectiveness of radiotherapy in individual cancers. Methods： The expressions of HIF-IQ, VEGF and Survivin were shown by S-P immunohistochemical staining method in biopsy specimens of ESCC, which were obtained endoscopically from 50 patients before radiotherapy, and 10 cases of normal esophageal tissue. Results： The positive expression rates of H IF-IQ, VEGF and Survivin were 68%, 74% and 72% in ESCC respectively. However, the three tumor markers had negative expressions in normal esophageal tissue. The positive rate of HIF-IQ was positively correlated with VEGF and Survivin proteins. The positive rates of HIF-IQ and Survivin were closely related to the clinical stage, radiotherapy effectiveness and survival, otherwise, the expression of HIF-IQ was closely related to distant metastasis; both of them were no correlation with the differentiation degree of tumor. The effective rates of radiotherapy and mean survival periods of those cases with positive and negative expressions of HIF-IQ were 8.8%, 10 months and 81.25%, 25 months, respectively. The one, two, and three years survival rates of patients with positive and negative expressions of HIF-IQ were 38.2%, 5.9%, 2.9%, and 81.3%, 54.2%, 15.8%, respectively （P = 0.001）. Patients with HIF-IQ positive expression obviously survived less than those with negative expression and the difference was significant. The expression of VEGF was only related to the distant metastasis. Conclusion： Over expressions of HIF-IQ, VEGF and Survivin were found in ESCC. The positive rate of HIF-IQ was positively correlated with VEGF and Survivin proteins. The expression of HIF-IQ may serve as an important parameter in evaluating response for radiotherapy and prognosis of ESCC. It may play an important role by up-regulating the transcription of VEGF and Survivin genes.

The expression of HER-2/neu gene in colon cancer tissues and its clinical significance

Objective：The article aims to detect the expression of HER-2/neu gene in colon cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, to analyze the relationship between dif erent pathologic types and clinical features, also to invest the distribution of patients with positive expression of HER-2 gene. Methods：The expression of HER-2 gene in the 223 samples with colon can-cer was detected by immunochemical approach. The expression of HER-2 gene in colon cancer tissues and adjacent tissues and dif erent pathologic types was analyzed byχ2 test. The correlation between the expression of HER-2 gene and clinical features was analyzed by Spearman. Results：The number of positive expression of HER-2 gene in colon cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were 74 and 0 respectively, the dif erence has statistical significance. The number of papil ary or tubular adenocarcinoma was 182, among them, 60 cases were positive expression. The number of mucinous adenocarcinoma was 41, among them, 14 cases were positive expression. The expression of HER-2/neu gene has no correlation with sex, age, the maximum diameter, general classification, degree of dif erentiation and depth of invasion, which has no statistical significance. However, the expression of HER-2/neu gene has correlation with metastasis of lymph node and Dukes stage, which has statistical significance. The expression of HER-2/neu gene was positive correlation with metastasis of lymph node and Dukes stage. The correlated coef icient index was 0.320 and 0.320 respectively. In the 74 patients with positive expression of HER-2 gene, 59.4%of them were 60-74 years old. And there was 97.3%of the patients without family history of adenocarcinoma. Conclusion：The expression of HER-2/neu gene in colon cancer tissues was higher than in adjacent tissues. The expression of HER-2/neu gene has no correlation with sex, age, the maximum diameter, general classification, degree of dif erentiation and depth of invasion, but has correlation with metastasis of lymph node and Dukes stage. The expression of HER-2/neu gene was positive correlation with metastasis of lymph node and Dukes stage. The expression of HER-2/neu gene with age of 60-74 years old and without family history of adenocarcinoma was higher than other groups.

Clinical signification of high-mobility group box 1protein(HMGB1) expression in infiltrating ductalcarcinoma breast tissue

Objective: Exploring the clinical signification of high-mobility group box 1 protein(HMGB1) expression in infiltrating ductal carcinoma(IDC) breast tissue. Methods: The expression of HMGB1 protein in IDC breast tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relations among size of tumour, lymph node metastasis, clinical staging, estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2) were also analyzed. Results: Fortysix cases out of 60 cases of IDC breast tissue showed positive or strong positive HMGB1 expression(76.67%), statistical significance was observed between HMGB1 expression with clinical staging(P < 0.01), lymph node metastasis(P < 0.01), breast cancer ER(P < 0.05) and HER-2(P < 0.05), however same conclusion can not be drawn between HMGB1 with either size of tumour or PR expression(P > 0.05) in IDC breast tissue. Spearman analysis showed negative correlation between HMGB1 expression and ER, and positive correlation between HMGB1 expression and clinical staging, lymph node metastasis together with HER-2. Conclusion: It's promising that HMGB1 expression in IDC tissue can be one of biological indicators of poor prognosis.

Clinical Significance of CENP-H Expression in Uterine Cervical Cancer

Objective This work aims to investigate the expression pattern and clinicopathologic significance of centromere protein H(CENP-H) in uterine cervical cancer(UCC). Methods The level of CENP-H expression in the paraffin sections of 62 UCC cases was determined by the SP immunohistochemical method,with complete clinicopathologic data in all cases.Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic and diagnostic significance of CENP-H using SPSS13.0 software package. Results Immunohistochemical assay showed strong CENP-H expression in 61.29% (38/62) of the paraffin-embedded cervical cancer tissues.Statistical analysis revealed a strong correlation between the CENP-H expression and the clinical classification(P=0.038) of the cervical carcinoma.The expression increased with rise of the stages.The analysis of Cox proportional hazards regression model suggested that CENP-H expression(P=0.002) and tumor stage(P=0.001) were independent prognostic markers for the survival of UCC patients.The survival analysis showed that the survival rate was significantly lower in patients with high expression of CENP-H than in those with low expression of CENP-H(P=0.001). Conclusions CENP-H is likely to be a valuable marker for carcinogenesis and progression of UCC.It might be used as the important diagnostic and prognostic marker for cervical carcinoma patients,especially for those at early stage.

Clinical significance of Smac expression on non-small cell lung cancers

Objective:The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical significance of Smac(second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase) expression on non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:The expression of Smac was evaluated on RNA and protein level in tumor tissues.The expression of Smac mRNA was examined by RT-PCR in 59 samples of tumor tissues and matched normal lung tissues.The expression of Smac protein was examined by IHC in 213 cancer tissues.Results:The positive rate of Smac mRNA was found in 59.3% of cancer tissues,but only in 30.5% of matched normal tissues(P<0.05).The positive rate of Smac protein was 76.5%.The expression of Smac in stage II disease was significantly higher than that in stage I disease(P=0.001).The survival of patients with Smac overexpression was significantly shorter than those who were negative.Conclusion:Smac might be involved in the progression of NSCLC,the biologic significance of Smac in primary lung cancer needs further study.