IMB理念引导超早期精细化康复功能锻炼结合局部加压冷疗在膝关节置换术后早期功能恢复中的应用

目的探讨以信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)理念引导超早期精细化康复功能锻炼结合局部加压冷疗在膝关节置换术后早期功能恢复中的应用效果。方法选择2019年12月至2020年12月期间延安市中医医院收治的56例膝关节置换术患者为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为研究组和对照组各28例。对照组患者采用常规功能锻炼,研究组患者采用IMB理念引导超早期精细化康复功能锻炼结合局部加压冷疗。两组患者均连续干预1个月后,记录并比较干预前后患者的疼痛(VAS)评分、肿胀值、膝关节功能(HSS)评分及临床疗效优良率。结果干预前,两组患者的VAS评分、肿胀值、HSS总评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后,两组患者的VAS评分、肿胀值均明显降低,且研究组患者的VAS评分、肿胀值分别为(2.65±0.78)分、(0.82±0.27)cm,明显低于对照组的(4.49±0.83)分、(1.64±0.44)cm,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者的HSS总评分均明显升高,且研究组患者的HSS总评分为(79.63±10.56)分,明显高于对照组的(68.41±11.42)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者的临床疗效优良率为96.43%,明显高于对照组的71.43%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论膝关节置换术后给予患者IMB理念引导超早期精细化康复功能锻炼结合局部加压冷疗,能够改善患者的疼痛及肿胀程度,有助于膝关节早期功能恢复,具有临床应用价值。

论高校奖助学金制度价值导向作用的实现——以功能细化为视角

高校奖助学金的科学评定与正确的引导,对发挥奖助学金制度的效率起到了基本的保障作用。本文结合高校奖助学制度落实状况,展开了关于奖助学金制度价值导向的实现策略研究。

基于吞咽功能评估的精细化康复护理对前路减压植骨内固定术治疗颈椎病患者自护行为、营养指数的影响

探析基于吞咽功能评估的精细化康复护理对前路减压植骨内固定术治疗颈椎病患者自护行为、营养指数的影响。方法 选用55例行前路减压植骨内固定术治疗颈椎病患者,利用单双号分成两组,对照组(n=27)行常规护理,观察组(n=28)行基于吞咽功能评估的精细化康复护理,比较两组自护行为、营养指数、生活质量及不良反应。结果 干预前,两组自护行为、营养指数及生活质量无差异性变化,P>0.05;干预后,观察组自护行为、营养指数、生活质量及不良反应均高优于对照组,P<0.05。结论 基于吞咽功能评估的精细化康复护理可以促进颈椎病患者的自护行为和营养指数的提高,改善患者的康复效果,降低患者康复期间的并发症发生率,值得推广应用。

以满足功能需求为导向的慢行规划研究

随着绿色交通体系和低碳城市的发展,近年来国内外慢行规划理念逐步打破传统模式,向更为精细化和人性化的规划方法发展。本文以细化研究慢行功能需求为切入点,将功能需求与空间载体有机对应,通过对不同慢行空间的精细化设计,精准满足不同类型的慢行出行需求,切实有效的解决实际问题,提升出行空间品质。并以成都市慢行交通系统规划为例,将这一规划方法进行应用,以期为成都绿色交通体系的建设提供参考。

Kinetic nucleation of primary α(Al) dendrites in Al-7%Si-Mg cast alloys with Ce and Sr additions

Nucleation of dendritic primaryα（Al） phase with addition of element Ce and Sr in hypoeutectic Al-7%Si-Mg cast alloy was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and scanning electron microscopy. DSC results were used to calculate the activation energy and nucleation work of primaryα（Al） phase. The results show that the values of activation energy and nucleation work are decreased and the nucleation frequency is increased with the additions of Ce and Sr to the alloys. Moreover, the grain size of dendriticα（Al） phase is well refined, and the nucleation temperatures of primaryα（Al） dendrites are decreased with the additions of Ce and Sr. The effects of elements Ce and Sr additions on kinetic nucleation of primary α（Al） phases were also discussed in hypoeutectic Al-7%Si-Mg cast alloy.

物质组成表在复习中的应用

在化学教学中教师要善于挖掘教材中的材料，总结出简单的、通俗易懂的、有规律性的、能提高学生学习能力的方法进而培养学生良好的学习品质．本文阐述了如何应用物质的组成表紧密无疏漏的检索功能．将中学所学的一些化学理论、化学概念、常见物质的单质及其化合物化学性质知识进行细致、完整地复习．

Influence of heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer on the viability and function of rat islets in in vitro culture

AIM. To investigate the influence of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） gene transfer on the viability and function of cultured rat islets in vitro. METHODS： Islets were isolated from the pancreata of Sprague-Dawley rats by intraductal collagenase digestion, and purified by discontinuous Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. Purified rat islets were transfected with adenoviral vectors containing human HO-1 gene （Ad- HO-1） or enhanced green fluorescent protein gene （Ad- EGFP）, and then cultured for seven days. Transfection was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and Western blot. Islet viability was evaluated by acridine orange/ propidium iodide fluorescent staining. Glucose-stimulated insulin release was detected using insulin radioimmunoassay kits and was used to assess the function of islets. Stimulation index （SI） was calculated by dividing the insulin release upon high glucose stimulation by the insulin release upon low glucose stimulation. RESULTS： After seven days culture, the viability of cultured rat islets decreased significantly （92% ± 6% vs 52% ± 13%, P 〈 0.05）, and glucose-stimulated insulin release also decreased significantly （6.47 ± 0.55 mIU/ L/30IEO vs 4.57 ± 0.40 mIU/L/3OIEO., 14.93 ± 1.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 9.63 ± 0.71 mIU/L/30IEQ, P 〈 0.05）. Transfection of rat islets with adenoviral vectors at an 1±10 of 20 was efficient, and did not impair islet function. At 7 d post-transfection, the viability of Ad-HO-1 transfected islets was higher than that of control islets（71% ± 15% vs 52% ± 13%, P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference in insulin release upon low glucose stimulation （2.8 mmol/L） among Ad-HO-1 transfected group, Ad-EGFP transfected group, and control group （P 〉 0.05）, while when stimulated by high glucose （16.7 mmol/L） solution, insulin release in Ad-HO-1 transfected group was significantly higher than that in Ad-EGFP transfected group and control group, respectively （12.50 ±2.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 8.87 ± 0.65 mIU/L/30IEQ, 12.50 ± 2.17 mIU/L/30IEQ vs 9.63 ± 0.71 mIU/L/30IEQ, P 〈 0.05）. The SI of Ad-HO-1 transfected group was also significantly higher than that of Ad-EGFP transfected group and control group, respectively （2.21 ± 0.02 vs 2.08 ± 0.05; 2.21 ± 0.02 vs 2.11 ± 0.03, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The viability and function of rat islets decrease over time in in vitro culture, and heine oxygenase-1 gene transfer could improve the viability and function of cultured rat islets.

Separation of growth-stimulating peptides for Bifidobacterium from soybean conglycinin

AIM： To isolate and identify the soybean conglycinin peptides that selectively stimulates the growth of bifidobacteria in vitro, and to investigate the effect of soybean conglycinin peptides on intestinal ecosystem in vivo. METHODS： Soybean conglycinin was purified from soybean seeds by gel filtration （Sepharose-CL-6B）. These proteins were submitted to hydrolysis by pepsin. Several growth-stimulating peptides for bifidobacteria were isolated chromatographically from pepsin hydrolysis of soybean conglycinin and identified by means of matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS）. Parallel to in vitro study, in vivo experiments with soybean conglycinin peptides were performed in mice. Ninety male KM mice were randomly assigned into five groups of 16 mice each, and each group was administered for 21d intragastrically with physiological saline （control）, conglycinin, pepsin-treated conglycinin （PTC）, the most active fraction which isolated from pepsin-treated conglycinin （P2-PTC） and HCl-full hydrolysis of conglycinin （HCl-FHC）, respectively. Intestinal microflora were evaluated by standard microbiologic methods and biochemical assays of cecal content samples after treatment. RESULTS： The results showed that the peptides which were isolated from soybean conglycinin could stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in vitro, and the molecular mass of purified peptides with MALDI-TOF-MS ranged from 693.32 to 1829.55. Compared with control group, in vivo experiments showed that P2-PTC group decreased cecal pH （7.08±0.08 vs7.21±0.09, P〈0.05） and enterococcicounts （5.38±0.26 log10CFU/g vs 5.78±0.19 log10CFU/g, P〈0.05）, significantly increased sIgA level （172.08±35.40 ng/g vs 118.27±33.93 ng/g, P〈0.01） and β-galactosidase activity （1.28±0.23 U/g vs 1.82±0.58 U/g, P〈0.05） CONCLUSION： The results have shown that conglycinin is good source for enzyme-mediated production of peptides which stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria. These peptides are inactive within the sequence of the parent protein but can be released during enzymatic hydrolysis, and in vivo experiments demonstrate that conglycinin peptides may be beneficial for improving gastrointestinal health.

Gastrointestinal hormone abnormalities and G and D cells in functional dyspepsia patients with gastric dysmotility

AIM: To investigate the relationship between gastric dysmotility,gastrointestinal hormone abnormalities, and neuroendocrine cells in gastrointestinal mucosa in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).METHODS: Gastric emptying was assessed with solid radiopaque markers in 54 FD patients, and the patients were divided into two groups according to the results, one with delayed gastric emptying and the other with normal gastric emptying. Seventeen healthy volunteers acted as normal controls. Fasting and postprandial plasma levels and gastroduodenal mucosal levels of gastrointestinal hormones gastrin, somatostatin (SS) and neurotensin (NT)were measured by radioimmunoassay in all the subjects.G cells (gastrin-producing cells) and D cells (SS-producing cells) in gastric antral mucosa were immunostained with rabbit anti-gastrin polyclonal antibody and rabbit anti-SS polyclonal antibody, respectively, and analyzed quantitatively by computerized image analysis.RESULTS: The postprandial plasma gastrin levels, the fasting and postprandial plasma levels and the gastric and duodenal mucosal levels of NT were significantly higher in the FD patients with delayed gastric emptying than in those with normal gastric emptying and normal controls. The number and gray value of G and D cells and the G cell/D cell number ratio did not differ significantly between normal controls and the FD patients with or without delayed gastric emptying.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the abnormalities of gastrin and NT may play a role in the pathophysiology of gastric dysmotility in FD patients, and the abnormality of postprandial plasma gastrin levels in FD patients with delayed gastric emptying is not related to the changes both in the number and gray value of G cells and in the G cell/D cell number ratio in gastric antral mucosa.

Probiotic effects on intestinal fermentation patterns in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

AIM： To determine whether Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota （Yakult） can alter small intestinal bacterial overgrowth （SIBO）, as tested by the lactulose breath test, and whether this is associated with changes in symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome （IBS）. METHODS： 18 patients with IBS （Rome Ⅱ criteria）, who showed an early rise in breath hydrogen with lactulose （ERBHAL）, consumed 65 mL of Yakult daily for 6 wk. Lactulose breath test was repeated at the end of the treatment period. Symptoms were recorded daily using a 10 cm visual analogue scale. RESULTS： 14 patients completed the study, 9 （64%） had reversal of ERBHAL, with the median time of first rise in breath hydrogen increasing from 45 to 75 min （P = 0.03）. There was no significant improvement in the symptom score with probiotic therapy, except for wind （P = 0.04）. Patients commencing with at least moderate symptoms and who no longer had ERBHAL at the end of treatment, showed improvement in the overall symptoms scores [median final score 5.3 （IQR 3.9-5.9）, 55% reduction; n = 6] to a greater extent than those who had had persisting ERBHAL [final score 6.9 （5.0-7.0）, 12% reduction; n = 5; P = 0.18]. CONCLUSION： Yakult is effective in altering fermentation patterns in the small bowel, consistent with reducing SIBO. The loss of ERBHAL was associated with reduced symptoms. The true interpretation of these findings awaits a randornised, controlled trial.

Small inhibitors of ADP-ribosylation factor activation and function in mammalian cells

Small GTP-binding proteins of the ADP-ribosylation fac-tor （Arf） family control various cell functional responses including protein transport and recycling between different cellular compartments, phagocytosis, prolif-eration, cytoskeletal remodelling, and migration. The activity of Arfs is tightly regulated. GTPase-activating proteins （GAPs） inactivate Arfs by stimulating GTP hydrolysis, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors （GEFs） stimulate the conversion of inactive GDP-bound Arf to the active GTP-bound conformation. There is increasing evidence that Arf small GTPases contribute to cancer growth and invasion. Increased expression of Arf6 and of Arf-GEPs, or deregulation Arf-GAP functions have been correlated with enhanced invasive capacity of tumor cells and metastasis. The spatiotemporal spe-cifcity of Arf activation is dictated by their GEFs that integrate various signals in stimulated cells. Brefeldin A （BFA）, which inactivates a subset of Arf-GEFs, has been very useful for assessing the function of Golgi-localized Arfs. However, specifc inhibitors to investigate the individual function of BFA-sensitive and insensitive Arf-GEFs are lacking. In recent years, specifc screens have been developed, and new inhibitors with improved se-lectivity and potency to study cell functional responses regulated by BFA-sensitive and BFA-insensitive Arf pathways have been identified. These inhibitors have been instrumental for our understanding of the spa-tiotemporal activation of Arf proteins in cells and dem-onstrate the feasibility of developing small molecules interfering with Arf activation to prevent tumor invasion and metastasis.

The X-linked mental retardation gene PHF8 is a histone demethylase involved in neuronal differentiation

Recent studies have identified mutations in PHF8, an X-linked gene encoding a JmjC domain-containing protein, as a causal factor for X-linked mental retardation （XLMR） and cleft lip/cleft palate. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. Here we show that PHF8 is a histone demethylase and coactivator for retinoic acid receptor （RAR）. Although activities for both H3K4me3/2/1 and H3K9me2/1 demethylation were detected in cellularbased assays, reeombinant PHF8 exhibited only H3K9me2/1 demethylase activity in vitro, suggesting that PHF8 is an H3K9me2/1 demethylase whose specificity may be modulated in vivo. Importantly, a mutant PHF8 （phenylalanine at position 279 to serine） identified in the XLMR patients is defective in enzymatie activity, indicating that the loss of histone demethylase activity is causally linked with the onset of disease. In addition, we show that PHF8 binds specifically to H3K4me3/2 peptides via an N-terminal PHD finger domain. Consistent with a role for PHF8 in neuronal differentiation, knockdown of PHF8 in mouse embryonic carcinoma P19 cells impairs RA-induced neuronal differentiation, whereas overexpression of the wild-type but not the F279S mutant PHF8 drives PI9 cells toward neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, we show that PHF8 interacts with RAR~ and functions as a coactivator for RARa. Taken together, our results suggest that histone methylation modulated by PHF8 plays a critical role in neuronal differentiation.

Structure and Function of the Digestive System of Solen Grandis Dunker

Structure and function of the digestive system of a bivalve mollusc, Solen grandis, were studied using light microscopy and histochemical methods. The wall of digestive tube consists of four layers: the mucosal epithelium, connective tissue, muscular and fibrosa or serosa (only in the portion of rectum) from the inner to the outer. The ciliated columnar epithelial cells, dispersed by cup-shaped mucous cells, rest on a thin base membrane. There are abundant blood spaces in connective tissue layer. The digestive diverticula are composed of multi-branched duct and digestive tubules. The digestive tubules are lined with digestive and basophilic secretory cells, and surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle fibers and connective tissues. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, esterase and lipase are detected in the digestive cells, and the epithelia of stomach and intestine, suggesting that these cells are capable of intracellular digesting of food materials and absorbing.Besides, acid phosphatase and esterase activities are present in the posterior portion of esophagus. Phagocytes are abundant in blood spaces and the lumens of stomach and intestine, containing brown granules derived from the engulfed food materials. The present work indicates that phagocytes play important roles in ingestion and digestion of food materials, which is supported as well by the activities of acid phosphatase, esterase and lipase detected in blood spaces.

家电消费新趋势

家电不仅是一般的耐用消费品,也是一个国家工业水平、现代化进程、文化普及程度的重要标志。据市场调查分析,21世纪家电追求的是以下新趋势。一、'高科技家电'成为主角。在进入家电更新换代的新时期,高科技开发促使了这一特点的尽快形成。'数字化、变频技术。

浅谈校园文化与素质教育

本文从三个方面对校园文化与素质教育的关系进行了论述,以期为相关教育工作者提供参考。

天津港保税区区域经济效应及启示研究

天津港保税区是我国北方当前发展较快、规模较大的综合保税区,建立于1991年5月,其地域特色明显、区域政策优惠,随着近些年的稳步发展,逐步建立起以进出口贸易、智能物流和出口生产加工三个领域为主导的海关特殊监督区域。天津港保税区也是天津开放的主要大门,在提高区域经济效应和推进社会蓬勃发展等层面都做出了重要贡献。本文将以此为基点,对天津港保税区区域经济效应与具体影响进行深入探析。

The influence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on immunity function in elderly patients with the stages of Ⅱ and Ⅲ esophageal cancer

Objective: We aimed to study the influence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on immunity function in elderly patients with the stages of II and III esophageal cancer. Methods: Thirty-seven elderly patients (age ranged from 60 to 75 years) with the stages of II and III esophageal cancer underwent 2 cycles chemotherapy preoperatively with single-drug regimen (docetaxel, 35 mg/m2 once a week, on days 1, 8 and 15, at interval of 2 weeks for one cycle). Surgery were performed three weeks later. Blood samples were drawn separately on the day of admission, 1 day before operation, 7 day and 1 month after operation, and we conducted the Flow Cytometry to detect the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells. Results: There were no significant differences in the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells between before and after chemotherapy (P > 0.05). On day 7 after operation, the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells were degraded and CD8+ increased significantly (P < 0.05). One month after operation, the levels of CD3, CD4+, CD4+/CD8 and NK cells were higher than normal, and CD8 was depressed significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has no significant impact on cellular immune function in elderly patients with the stages of II and III esophageal cancer, it is an effective and safe treatment.

寒冷地区住宅中提升儿童健康素质的设计措施

本文从提升儿童房日照质量,设置南向露台作为儿童户外运动场地,利用现有套型条件为学龄儿童提供安静独立的儿童房,细化玄关功能提升儿童户外活动的安全性和便利性四个方面探讨了寒冷住宅中提升儿童健康素质的设计措施。

Concomitant chemoradiation using gemcitabine in locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and rapidly increasing cancers in Pakistan.There is currently no standard management for advanced HCC.The aim of the study was to assess response rate and toxicity of concomitant gemcitabine and external radiation therapy (ERT) in locally advanced HCC.Methods:Sixty patients were enrolled.Gemcitabine,70 mg/m2 was given weekly during ERT.ERT was delivered with 60Co beam up to 30.6 Gy,1.8 Gy/fraction.Tumor response was assessed by computed tomography (CT) at eight weeks.Complete and partial response (CR and PR),progressive and stable disease (PD and SD) were assessed.Hematological,gastrointestinal and hepatic toxicities were assessed weekly.Results:No CR was seen.PR,SD and PD were seen in 33%,40% and 27% of patients respectively.Grade 3/4 toxicity for total leukocyte count and platelets was observed in 7% and 27% patients.Grade 3/4 toxicity for liver failure,bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase was seen in 35%,28%,38%,24% and 43% patients respectively.Conclusion:The study showed that concomitant gemcitabine and ERT is a feasible option with moderate toxicity in advanced HCC.