Objective To study the effects of constantly slow intravenous arsenic trioxide （As2O2） infusion regimen on decreasing leukocytosis in vivo and in vitro. Methods Three kinds of leukemia cells, NB4, K562, and acute p...Objective To study the effects of constantly slow intravenous arsenic trioxide （As2O2） infusion regimen on decreasing leukocytosis in vivo and in vitro. Methods Three kinds of leukemia cells, NB4, K562, and acute promyelocyfic leukemia （APL） cells, were cultured in the media with constant concentration and varying concentrations of As2O3 respectively for 24 hours. Seventyfive patients were enrolled in two groups randomly. In trial group, 37 patients received continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen for 24 hours with an infusion rate of 8 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 18- 21 hours daily. In control group, 38 patients received routine regimen with an infusion rate of 45-55 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 2-3 hours daily for 24 hours. The daily As2O3 dosage was 0. 16 mg/kg. The intracellular arsenic concentration was measured by atomic fluorescence assay. The apoptosis rate of cells, CD33 ^- CD11b ^＋ cells, and CD33^ ＋ CD11b^ - cells were monitored by flow cytometry. Results The apoptosis rates of NB4, K562, and APL leukemia cells in the media with constant As2O3 concentration were 56.6% ±2.4%, 27.6% ±3.1%, and 52.2% ±2. 8%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those with changing As2O3 concentration （23.2% ±2. 1%, 11.0% ±2.5%, and 21.0% ±2.5%, respectively, P〈 0.01）. The apoptosis rates of APL, M2 type acute myeloid leukemia （AML-M2）, and chronic myeloid leukemia （CML） patients in the trial group （28.5% ±1.9%, 9.5% ±0.6%, and 12.5% ±1.8% ） were also significantly higher than those in control group （8.5% ± 2. 2%, 2. 9% ± 0. 8%, and 4. 5% ± 1.2% ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The ratios of CD33 ~ CD11b^- and CD33^- CD11b^＋ cells in control group were significantly higher than those in trial group. Conclusion The continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen can obtain high efficiency of apoptosis and low differentiation proportion, relieve leukocytosis, and gain maximal therapeutic benefit.展开更多
AIM: To compare the influence of different transplant sites in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for liver fibrosis. METHODS: MSCs isolated from Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were induced into hepatocyt...AIM: To compare the influence of different transplant sites in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for liver fibrosis. METHODS: MSCs isolated from Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were induced into hepatocyte-like cells. Liver fibrosis in SD rats was induced with carbon tetrachloride. Following hepatocyte induction in vitro, 4',6-diamidino- 2-phenylindole (DAPI)-labeled MSCs were transplanted by intravenous, intrahepatic, and intraperitoneal injection. Histopathological staining, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analysis were used to compare the morphological and functional liver regeneration among different MSC injection modalities. The expression differences of interleukins, growth factor, extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase were examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) andenzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Four days after exposure to hepatocyte differentiation medium, MSCs that did not express hepatocyte markers could express α-fetoprotein, albumin, and cytokeratin 18. The results of histopathological staining, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analysis indicated that intravenous injection is more effective at rescuing liver failure than other injection modalities. DAPI-labeled cells were found around liver lobules in all three injection site groups, but the intravenous group had the highest number of cells. PCR and ELISA analysis indicated that interleukin-10 (IL-10) was highest in the intravenous group, whereas il1β, il6, tnfα and tgfβ, which can be regulated by IL10 and are promoters of liver fibrosis, were significantly lower than in the other groups. CONCLUSION: MSC administration is able to protect against liver fibrosis. Intravenous injection is the most favorable treatment modality through promotion of IL10 expression.展开更多
The effects of long-term (19 years) different land use and fertilization on activity and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in an aquic brown soil were investigated in a field experiment in Liaoning Provi...The effects of long-term (19 years) different land use and fertilization on activity and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in an aquic brown soil were investigated in a field experiment in Liaoning Province,China.The 19-year experiment conducted from 1990 to 2008 involved seven treatments designed: cropping rotation of soybean-corn-corn with no fertilizer (control,CK),recycled manure (RM),fertilizer nitrogen (N),phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) (NPK),NPK+RM,and no-crop bare land,mowed fallow,and non-mowed fallow.The results showed that the potential nitrification rates of the RM,NPK+RM,mowed fallow,and non-mowed fallow treatments were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of the CK and NPK treatments,indicating that the long-term applications of recycled manure and return of plant residues both significantly increased the activity of AOB.Although the application of NPK did not enhance soil potential nitrification because of decreased pH,available K had an important effect on potential nitrification.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprint profiles showed that no-crop treatments had an increase in the diversity of the AOB community compared to the CK,RM,and NPK treatments,implying that agricultural practices,especially tillage,had an adverse effect on the soil AOB community.The NPK+RM treatment had the most diverse DGGE patterns possibly because of the increased available P in this treatment.A phylogenetic analysis showed that most of the DGGE bands derived belonged to Nitrosospira cluster 3,not Nitrosospira cluster 2.These demonstrated that different land use and fertilization significantly influenced the activity and composition of the AOB community by altering the soil properties,mainly including pH,total C,available K,and available P.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation (30370507) Heilongjiang Excellent Youth Foundation (2003AA9CS188-12).
文摘Objective To study the effects of constantly slow intravenous arsenic trioxide （As2O2） infusion regimen on decreasing leukocytosis in vivo and in vitro. Methods Three kinds of leukemia cells, NB4, K562, and acute promyelocyfic leukemia （APL） cells, were cultured in the media with constant concentration and varying concentrations of As2O3 respectively for 24 hours. Seventyfive patients were enrolled in two groups randomly. In trial group, 37 patients received continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen for 24 hours with an infusion rate of 8 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 18- 21 hours daily. In control group, 38 patients received routine regimen with an infusion rate of 45-55 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 2-3 hours daily for 24 hours. The daily As2O3 dosage was 0. 16 mg/kg. The intracellular arsenic concentration was measured by atomic fluorescence assay. The apoptosis rate of cells, CD33 ^- CD11b ^＋ cells, and CD33^ ＋ CD11b^ - cells were monitored by flow cytometry. Results The apoptosis rates of NB4, K562, and APL leukemia cells in the media with constant As2O3 concentration were 56.6% ±2.4%, 27.6% ±3.1%, and 52.2% ±2. 8%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those with changing As2O3 concentration （23.2% ±2. 1%, 11.0% ±2.5%, and 21.0% ±2.5%, respectively, P〈 0.01）. The apoptosis rates of APL, M2 type acute myeloid leukemia （AML-M2）, and chronic myeloid leukemia （CML） patients in the trial group （28.5% ±1.9%, 9.5% ±0.6%, and 12.5% ±1.8% ） were also significantly higher than those in control group （8.5% ± 2. 2%, 2. 9% ± 0. 8%, and 4. 5% ± 1.2% ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The ratios of CD33 ~ CD11b^- and CD33^- CD11b^＋ cells in control group were significantly higher than those in trial group. Conclusion The continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen can obtain high efficiency of apoptosis and low differentiation proportion, relieve leukocytosis, and gain maximal therapeutic benefit.
基金Supported by Millitary Medicine and Health Foundation of China, No. 08Z030
文摘AIM: To compare the influence of different transplant sites in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for liver fibrosis. METHODS: MSCs isolated from Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were induced into hepatocyte-like cells. Liver fibrosis in SD rats was induced with carbon tetrachloride. Following hepatocyte induction in vitro, 4',6-diamidino- 2-phenylindole (DAPI)-labeled MSCs were transplanted by intravenous, intrahepatic, and intraperitoneal injection. Histopathological staining, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analysis were used to compare the morphological and functional liver regeneration among different MSC injection modalities. The expression differences of interleukins, growth factor, extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase were examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) andenzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Four days after exposure to hepatocyte differentiation medium, MSCs that did not express hepatocyte markers could express α-fetoprotein, albumin, and cytokeratin 18. The results of histopathological staining, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analysis indicated that intravenous injection is more effective at rescuing liver failure than other injection modalities. DAPI-labeled cells were found around liver lobules in all three injection site groups, but the intravenous group had the highest number of cells. PCR and ELISA analysis indicated that interleukin-10 (IL-10) was highest in the intravenous group, whereas il1β, il6, tnfα and tgfβ, which can be regulated by IL10 and are promoters of liver fibrosis, were significantly lower than in the other groups. CONCLUSION: MSC administration is able to protect against liver fibrosis. Intravenous injection is the most favorable treatment modality through promotion of IL10 expression.
基金Supported by the Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. KZCX2-YW-407 and KZCX2-YW-405)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (No. 2006BAD05B05)the National Natural Science Foundationof China (No. 40701067)
文摘The effects of long-term (19 years) different land use and fertilization on activity and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in an aquic brown soil were investigated in a field experiment in Liaoning Province,China.The 19-year experiment conducted from 1990 to 2008 involved seven treatments designed: cropping rotation of soybean-corn-corn with no fertilizer (control,CK),recycled manure (RM),fertilizer nitrogen (N),phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) (NPK),NPK+RM,and no-crop bare land,mowed fallow,and non-mowed fallow.The results showed that the potential nitrification rates of the RM,NPK+RM,mowed fallow,and non-mowed fallow treatments were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of the CK and NPK treatments,indicating that the long-term applications of recycled manure and return of plant residues both significantly increased the activity of AOB.Although the application of NPK did not enhance soil potential nitrification because of decreased pH,available K had an important effect on potential nitrification.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprint profiles showed that no-crop treatments had an increase in the diversity of the AOB community compared to the CK,RM,and NPK treatments,implying that agricultural practices,especially tillage,had an adverse effect on the soil AOB community.The NPK+RM treatment had the most diverse DGGE patterns possibly because of the increased available P in this treatment.A phylogenetic analysis showed that most of the DGGE bands derived belonged to Nitrosospira cluster 3,not Nitrosospira cluster 2.These demonstrated that different land use and fertilization significantly influenced the activity and composition of the AOB community by altering the soil properties,mainly including pH,total C,available K,and available P.
