SIN3转录调控蛋白家族成员A(SIN3 transcription regulator family member A,Sin3A)包含许多蛋白质相互作用结构域,是一个多蛋白的转录共阻遏复合物的核心组分,通过结合该转录阻遏复合物中的组蛋白去乙酰化酶(histone deacetylase,HDAC...SIN3转录调控蛋白家族成员A(SIN3 transcription regulator family member A,Sin3A)包含许多蛋白质相互作用结构域,是一个多蛋白的转录共阻遏复合物的核心组分,通过结合该转录阻遏复合物中的组蛋白去乙酰化酶(histone deacetylase,HDAC)起到转录抑制的作用。Sin3A通过与不同的功能蛋白,如Mad(Max dimerization protein)-Max(MYC associated factor X)、Myc(Myelocytomatosis oncogene)、甲基Cp G结合蛋白2(Methyl Cp G binding protein 2,Mecp2)等相互作用,在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡,肿瘤的形成、细胞周期调控、植入前胚胎发育以及组织器官发育过程中扮演重要角色。近来有研究表明,Sin3A在体细胞重编程过程中显著上调,因此,Sin3A可能在体细胞重编程中也起到重要作用。展开更多
Root border cells, previously referred to as sloughed root cap cells, is a special cell population which separates in large numbers from the periphery of the root cap and accumulates in the root tip. Recent evidence r...Root border cells, previously referred to as sloughed root cap cells, is a special cell population which separates in large numbers from the periphery of the root cap and accumulates in the root tip. Recent evidence reveals that border cells, whose development is regulated by endogenous and exogenous signals, are biologically viable in the majority of higher plant species. As soon as border cells detach from root cap periphery, their metabolic activity dramatically increases in accordance with a differential gene expression from that in root cap cells. Recently, PsUGT1 and RCPME1, relevant to the early and late stage of border cell development, respectively, have been cloned and functionally identified. Border cells can synthesize specially and export a diverse array of chemicals including anthocyanins, antibiotics, special enzymes and other substances, that either inhibit or promote the growth of other entities in rhizosphere such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes, and also antagonize some toxic chemicals around the root tip in soil such as aluminum toxicity. Therefore, there are multiple biological roles played by border cells during plant growth and development.展开更多
Adult stem cells(SCs) exist in all tissues that promote tissue growth, regeneration, and healing throughout life. The SC niche in which they reside provides signals that direct them to proliferate, differentiate, or r...Adult stem cells(SCs) exist in all tissues that promote tissue growth, regeneration, and healing throughout life. The SC niche in which they reside provides signals that direct them to proliferate, differentiate, or remain dormant; these factors include neighboring cells, the extracellular matrix, soluble molecules, and physical stimuli. In disease and aging states, stable or transitory changes in the microenvironment can directly cause SC activation or inhibition in tissue healing as well as functional regulation. Here, we discuss the microenvironmental regulation of the behavior of SC and focus on plasticity approaches by which various environmental factors can enhance the function of SCs and more effectively direct the fate of SCs.展开更多
文摘SIN3转录调控蛋白家族成员A(SIN3 transcription regulator family member A,Sin3A)包含许多蛋白质相互作用结构域,是一个多蛋白的转录共阻遏复合物的核心组分,通过结合该转录阻遏复合物中的组蛋白去乙酰化酶(histone deacetylase,HDAC)起到转录抑制的作用。Sin3A通过与不同的功能蛋白,如Mad(Max dimerization protein)-Max(MYC associated factor X)、Myc(Myelocytomatosis oncogene)、甲基Cp G结合蛋白2(Methyl Cp G binding protein 2,Mecp2)等相互作用,在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡,肿瘤的形成、细胞周期调控、植入前胚胎发育以及组织器官发育过程中扮演重要角色。近来有研究表明,Sin3A在体细胞重编程过程中显著上调,因此,Sin3A可能在体细胞重编程中也起到重要作用。
文摘Root border cells, previously referred to as sloughed root cap cells, is a special cell population which separates in large numbers from the periphery of the root cap and accumulates in the root tip. Recent evidence reveals that border cells, whose development is regulated by endogenous and exogenous signals, are biologically viable in the majority of higher plant species. As soon as border cells detach from root cap periphery, their metabolic activity dramatically increases in accordance with a differential gene expression from that in root cap cells. Recently, PsUGT1 and RCPME1, relevant to the early and late stage of border cell development, respectively, have been cloned and functionally identified. Border cells can synthesize specially and export a diverse array of chemicals including anthocyanins, antibiotics, special enzymes and other substances, that either inhibit or promote the growth of other entities in rhizosphere such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes, and also antagonize some toxic chemicals around the root tip in soil such as aluminum toxicity. Therefore, there are multiple biological roles played by border cells during plant growth and development.
基金supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB518103,2012CB518105)National High Technology Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2013AA020105,2012AA020502)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81121004,81230041,31400822)
文摘Adult stem cells(SCs) exist in all tissues that promote tissue growth, regeneration, and healing throughout life. The SC niche in which they reside provides signals that direct them to proliferate, differentiate, or remain dormant; these factors include neighboring cells, the extracellular matrix, soluble molecules, and physical stimuli. In disease and aging states, stable or transitory changes in the microenvironment can directly cause SC activation or inhibition in tissue healing as well as functional regulation. Here, we discuss the microenvironmental regulation of the behavior of SC and focus on plasticity approaches by which various environmental factors can enhance the function of SCs and more effectively direct the fate of SCs.
