植物三体研究综述——形态特征、细胞学行为、雌雄配子传递率及应用

植物三体是遗传学研究中非常重要的非整倍体材料 ,对植物三体的表现型效应 ,导致三体表现型异常的原因 ,导致减数分裂过程中染色体配对及分离异常 。

帕瑞昔布钠对宫颈癌细胞COX-2/PGE2通路及细胞学行为的影响

目的:探究帕瑞昔布钠对宫颈癌HeLa细胞环氧化合酶-2(COX-2)/前列腺素E2(PGE2)通路及其上皮间质转化(EMT)、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法:磺酰罗丹明B(SRB)法检测帕瑞昔布钠在不同浓度和时间点对HeLa细胞存活率的影响,筛选出合适的浓度和时间点。将Hela细胞分为帕瑞昔布钠0μmol/L、25μmol/L、50μmol/L、100μmol/L组,处理24 h后,Transwell小室法检测各组细胞迁移和侵袭能力,蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)法检测各组细胞中通路蛋白COX-2、PGE2及其下游转录激活子3(STAT3)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)、磷酸化AKT(p-AKT)、上皮间质转化相关E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和波形蛋白(vimentin)以及迁移侵袭相关基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)和基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂2(TIMP2)蛋白表达水平。结果:帕瑞昔布钠作用24、48、72 h均可降低HeLa细胞存活率;与帕瑞昔布钠0μmol/L组相比,帕瑞昔布钠25μmol/L、50μmol/L、100μmol/L组HeLa细胞迁移和侵袭能力、COX-2、PGE2、vimentin蛋白表达水平、STAT3、AKT磷酸化水平和MMP2/TIMP2蛋白比值依次降低,E-cadherin蛋白表达水平依次升高,且呈剂量依赖性(均P<0.05)。结论:帕瑞昔布钠可降低HeLa细胞EMT及迁移侵袭能力,可能与抑制COX-2/PGE2通路有关。

β-雌二醇对宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖的影响

目的探讨不同浓度β-雌二醇(E_(2))对宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖的影响及机制。方法体外培养Hela细胞,根据E_(2)的浓度将其分为对照组、低浓度组、高浓度组。利用CCK8法和细胞克隆形成试验检测E_(2)对Hela细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞仪检测E_(2)对细胞凋亡和周期的影响;Transwell法检测E_(2)对细胞迁移能力的影响;在对照组和高浓度组中,利用实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测HPV18 E6、E7、p21、p53、CDK2、Rb基因的表达,Western blotting检测p21、p53、CDK2、Rb、Rb磷酸化(pRb)蛋白的表达。结果相比于对照组及低浓度组,高浓度组中细胞增长率降低(P<0.001),细胞克隆形成数量被抑制(P=0.013),细胞周期G0/G1期延长(P<0.001)。高浓度E_(2)可降低HPV18 E6/E7 mRNA表达水平(P=0.049,P=0.043),并下调CDK2、Rb mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P_(CDK2 mRNA)=0.035,P_(Rb mRNA)=0.003,P_(CDK2蛋白)=0.009,P_(Rb蛋白)=0.008),上调p21、p53 mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P_(p21 mRNA)=0.042,P_(p53 mRNA)=0.035,P_(p21蛋白)=0.039,P_(p53蛋白)=0.043),同时下调pRb蛋白表达水平(P<0.001)。结论高浓度E_(2)能够抑制Hela细胞增殖,其机制可能与抑制HPV18 E6/E7癌基因、促进p53和p21蛋白的表达、调节细胞周期蛋白(CDK2、Rb)的水平进而影响正常细胞周期进程有关。

Expression of a novel apoptosis inhibitor-survivin in colorectal carcinoma

AIM： To investigate the role of survivin expression in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. METHODS： Immunohistochemistry S-P method and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNE） were used to detect the expression of survivin and apoptotic cell in situ in colorectal cancerous tissues, para-cancerous tissues and normal tissues of 48 cases of colorectal carcinoma. RESULTS： The survivin positive unit （PU） was higher in cancerous tissues （38.76±5.14） than in para-cancerous （25.17±7.26） or normal tissues （0.57±0.03） （P〈0.05）. The apoptosis index （AI） of para-cancerous tissues was （7.51±2.63%） higher than cancerous tissues （4.65±1.76%）. The expression of survivin was associated with pathological grade, lymph node metastasis and Dukes stage of colorectal carcinoma. CONCLUSION： Survivin expression may play an important role in carcinogenesis of colorectal carcinoma and may be associated with malignant biological behaviors of colorectal carcinoma.

ZNF217 expression correlates with the biological behavior of human ovarian cancer cells

The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation of zinc-finger protein 217 （ZNF217） gone ex- pression with the biological behavior of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells. Methods： The expression of ZNF217 in ovarian carcinoma cell line：s was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The biological behaviors of the transfectants were investigated by MTT, in vitro Boyden chamber and in vivo invasion assay, respectively. Results： RT-PCR and Western blotting revealed that transfection of ZNF217 into the HO-8910 cells significantly increased their proliferation along with mark- edly enhanced in vitro and in vivo invasion and metastatic abilities. MTT assay showed that the proliferation ability of pEGFP- N1-ZNF217/HO-8910 cells was significantly higher than that of pEGFP-N1/HO-8910 cells and HO-8910 cells （P 〈 0.001）. The Boyden chamber assay showed that the numbers of migrating pEGFP-N1-ZNF217/HO-8910, pEGFP-N1/HO-8910 and HO-8910 cells were （141.25 ± 13.91） cells/200 x field, （82.50 ± 11.73） cells/200 × field and （81.75 ± 12.12） cells/200 x field, respectively, with a significant difference between them （F = 29.274, P 〈 0.001）. The nude mouse experiment showed that the in vivo tumor formation ability of pEGFP-N1-ZNF217/HO-8910 cells was significantly higher than that of pEGFP-N1/HO-8910 cells （P 〈 0.001）. Conclusion： Based on these clinical and laboratory observations, we conclude that ZNF217 may contribute to ovarian cancer invasion and metastasis, and associated with worse clinical outcomes. We evaluated ZNF217＇s role as a biomarker of ovarian carcinogenesis and tumor progression in patient samples and explored possible molecular mechanisms in promoting tumor growth and invasion.

Effect of deleted pancreatic cancer locus 4 gene transfection on biological behaviors of human colorectal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of deleted pancreatic cancer locus 4 (DPC4) gene transfection on biological behaviors of human colorectal carcinoma cells and the role of DPC4 gene in colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS: PcDNA3.1-DPC4 plasmid was re-constructed by gene-recombination technology. SW620 cells, a human colorectal carcinoma cell line, were transfected with PcDNA3.1-DPC4 plasmid using lipofectamine transfecting technique. Transfected cells were selected with G418. Expression of Smad4 protein was detected in cells transfected with DPC4 gene by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Biological characterristics of transfected cells were evaluated by population-doubling time and cloning efficiency. Alterations of percentage of S phage cells (S%) and apoptosis rate were determined by flow-cytometry. RESULTS: PcDNA3.1-DPC4 plasmid was constructed successfully. SW620 cells transfected with PcDNA3.1-DPC4 plasmid (DPC4+-SW620 cells) showed a strong intracellular expression of Smad4 protein, and the positive signal was localized in cytoplasm and nuclei, mainly in cytoplasm, where the expressions of Smad4 protein in SW620 cells transfected with PcDNA3.1 plasmid (PcDNA3.1-SW620 cells) and non-transfected SW620 cells (SW620 cells) were weaker than those in DPC4+-SW620 cells. The population-doubling time in DPC4+-SW620 cells (116 h) was significantly longer than that in SW620 cells (31 h) and PcDNA3.1-Sw620 cells (29 h) (P<0.01). The cloning efficiencies of DPC4+-SW620 cells (12%) were markedly lower than those of SW620 cells (69%) and PcDNA3.1-Sw620 cells (67%) (P<0.01). Compared with SW620 cells and PcDNA3.1-Sw620 cells, the Go-G1% of DPC4+-SW620 cells was obviously higher and the S% was markedly lower (P<0.05). Apoptosis rate of DPC4+-SW620 cells was significantly higher than that of SW620 cells and PcDNA3.1-SW620 cells. CONCLUSION: PcDNA3.1-DPC4 plasmid can be successfully re-constructed and stably transfected into human SW620cells, thereby the cells can steadily express Smad4. DPC4 protein may regulate proliferation of colorectal carcinoma cells by inhibiting cell growth and inducing cell apoptosis.

Effects of lobaplatin and oxaliplatin on biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma cell line

Objective： The aim of the study was to observe the effects of Iobaplatin and oxaliplatin on biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma cell line. Methods： The human colorectal carcinoma cell line LoVo and HR-8348 were used in the present study, and different concentrations of Iobaplatin and oxaliplatin served as inhibitors. The invasion and metastasis potential were evaluated with Transwell chamber, and cell inhibition ratio was measured with MTT assay. Results： Lobaplatin and oxaliplatin could significantly decrease the abilities of invasion and metastasis of LoVo and HR-8348 as compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01）, but no difference between Iobaplatin and oxaliplatin groups was observed （P 〉 0.05）. No difference was found in the cell inhibition ratio between the Iobaplatin and oxaliplatin groups （P 〉 0.05）. Lobaplatin could inhibit colorectal carcinoma cells that oxaliplatin couldn＇t do. Conclusion： Lobaplatin is a new antitumor platinum drug and can inhibit colorectal carcinoma cells. Moreover, Iobaplatin could also inhibit colorectal carcinoma cells which are resistant to oxaliplatin.

Atypical glomus tumor of the body of stomach: a case report and review of literature

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical pathological features of the atypical glomus tumor of the stomach, and explore its biological behavior and clinical significance. Methods: a 43-year-old female was admitted due to passing black stool for 5 months. The melena of the patient occurred after eating the crabs. The endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was performed, showing a hypoecho nodule found at the body of the stomach, suggesting the diagnosis of gastric stromal tumor. After onset of disease, no specific clinical symptoms were observed except for the slight feeling discomfort in upper abdominal region. The gastroscopy was performed under the general anesthesia: there was a spheroidal nodule measuring 2.5 cm x 3.0 cm at the anterior wall of the body of stomach near the side of lesser curvature with the focal erosion of gastric mucosa. The DualknifeTM and the snare were used to excise the tumor in full thickness. Grossly, the tumor nodule measured 2.5 cm in diameter. The cut surface was solid, showing moderate consistency and grey red in colour. Microscopically, this tumor presented a well circumscribed nodule. It composed of the rounded neoplastic cells which were mainly arranged in solid pattern. The tumor cells had well-defined cell membranes, centrally placed, round nuclei and amphophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical staining showed the positive expression of smooth muscle actin (SMA), caldesmon and vimentin; meanwhile detecting the negative expression of desmin, pan-cytokeratin, CD34, CD117 and S-100 in tumor cells. The Ki-67 labelling index of tumor was 8%. Results: Combined with the histopathological features, immunophenotype of the tumor, deep location in abdominal cavity and with greater diameter larger than 2 cm, and the diagnosis of atypical glomus tumor of the body of the stomach in this case was established. Conclusion: The atypical glomus tumor of the body of the stomach is a rare mesenchymal tumor. The following differential diagnosis should be included as following: gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), paraganglioma, myopericytoma and the angioleiomyoma. The immunohistochemistry exerts an essential role during the diagnosis of this tumor. The deeper location and larger size implicate its undetermined biological behavior.

Influence on Biological Behavior of Colon Cancer Stem Cells after RNA Interfering CD133

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects expression and activation on biological cancer stem cells. of blocking CD133 gene characteristic of the colon METHODS CD133＋ colon cancer stem cells （CCSCs） were separated from EpCAMhigh CD44＋ CCSCs through fluorescenceactivated cell sorting （FACS）. The proliferation, the capability of spherical cell formation, neoplasia, and the expression of ABCG2 mRNA of CD133＋ CCSCs were observed after the CD133＋ CCSCs were infected with LV-CD133shRNA. CD133 negative cells were isolated from EpCAMhigh CD44＋ CCSCs with FACS, and the CD133 proteins in CD133- cells were detected with Western blot. RESULTS CD133＋ CCSCs were isolated from EpCAMhigh CD44＋ CCSCs using FACS, and they accounted for 89.2% in the stem cells. In the experimental group, after the CD133＋ CCSCs were knocked down by LV-CD133shRNA RNAi, the growth pattern of the cells in the stem cell culture changed into adherent growth from suspended growth, and couldn＇t generate spherical cells. Results of MTT assay showed that the CD133＋ CCSCs infected with LV-CD133shRNA grew slowly, compared to the cells in the control groups. There was a decrease in the cloning efficiency. The infected cells were transplanted into the BALB/c nude mice. During the observation, no neoplasia was found in the CD133＋ cells infected with LV-CD133shRNA. The level of ABCG2 mRNA expression was lowered greatly （P 〈 0.01）. CD133- cells were obtained from the EpCAMhigh CD44＋ CCSCs using FACS, in which the expression of CD133 protein was positive. CONCLUSION CD133 retains the biological characteristics of the colon cancer stem cells.

Cooperative Effects of Noise and Coupling on Stochastic Dynamics of a Membrane-Bulk Coupling Model

Based on a membrane-bulk coupling cell model proposed by Gomez-Marin et al. [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 （2007） 168303], the cooperative effects of noise and coupling on the stochastic dynamical behavior are investigated. For parameters in a certain region, the oscillation can be induced by the cooperative effect of noise and coupling. Whether considering the coupling or not, corresponding coherence resonance phenomena are observed. Furthermore, the effects of two coupling parameters, cell size L and coupling intensity k, on the noise-induced oscillation of membranes are studied. Contrary effects of noise are found in and out of the deterministic oscillatory regions.

Sequence analysis and functional study of the Han Nationality glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor transcript

Objective: To study the sequence and function of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) transcript in subjects of Han nationality. Methods: The Han nationality GDNF transcript was amplified by RT-PCR and expressed by baculovirus expression system. Biological activity of the expressed product was measured by the primary culture of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Results: There only existed the shorter GDNF transcript of 555 bp in the Han nationality. The secretory expression product of the shorter transcript in insect cells promoted the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons. Conclusion: It is found that there is a 78 bp deletion in the Han nationality GDNF transcript compared with the reported 633 bp GDNF transcript. The 78 bp deletion does not affect the secretory expression and biological activity of GDNF mature protein.

Sacro-anterior haemangiopericytoma: a case report

Haemangiopericytoma(HPC) is a rare vascular tumor with borderline malignancy, considerable histological variability, and unpredictable clinical and biological behavior. HPC can present a diagnostic challenge because of its indeterminate clinical, radiological, and pathological features. HPC generally presents in adulthood and is equally frequent in both sexes. HPC can arise in any site in the body as a slowly growing and painless mass. The precise cell type origin of HPC is uncertain. One third of HPCs occur in the head and neck areas. Exceptional cases of hemangioblastoma arising outside the head and neck areas have been reported, but little is known about their clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features. This study reports on a case of a large sacro-anterior HPC in a 65-year-old male.

Mechanical behavior of pathological and normal red blood cells in microvascular flow based on modified level-set method

The research of the motion and deformation of the RBCs is important to reveal the mechanism of blood diseases. A numerical method has been developed with level set formulation for elastic membrane immersed in incompressible fluid. The numerical model satisfies mass and energy conservation without the leaking problems in classical Immersed Boundary Method(IBM), at the same time, computing grid we used can be much smaller than the general literatures. The motion and deformation of a red blood cell(including pathological & normal status) in microvascular flow are simulated. It is found that the Reynolds number and membrane's stiffness play an important role in the transmutation and oscillation of the elastic membrane. The normal biconcave shape of the RBC is propitious to create high deformation than other pathological shapes. With reduced viscosity of the interior fluid both the velocity of the blood and the deformability of the cell reduced. With increased viscosity of the plasma both the velocity of the blood and the deformability of the cell reduced. The tank treading of the RBC membrane is observed at low enough viscosity contrast in shear flow. The tank tread fixed inclination angle of the cell depends on the shear ratio and viscosity contrast, which can be compared with the experimental observation well.

Mechanical behavior of the erythrocyte in microvessel stenosis

The passage of red blood cells （RBCs） through capillaries is essential for human blood microcirculation. This study used a moving mesh technology that incorporated leader-follower pairs to simulate the fluid-structure and structure-structure interac- tions between the RBC and a microvessel stenosis. The numerical model consisted of plasma, cytoplasm, the erythrocyte membrane, and the microvessel stenosis. Computational results showed that the rheology of the RBC is affected by the Reynolds number of the plasma flow as well as the surface-to-volume ratio of the erythroeyte. At a constant inlet flow rate, an increased plasma viscosity will improve the transit of the RBC through the microvessel stenosis. For the above reasons, we consider that the decreased hemorheology in microvessels in a pathological state may primarily be attributed to an increase in the number of white blood cells. This leads to the aggregation of RBCs and a change in the blood flow structure. The present fundamental study of hemorheology aimed at providing theoretical guidelines for clinical hemorheology.

Up-regulation of mitochondrial antioxidation signals in ovarian cancer cells with aggressive biologic behavior

Objective： Recently, a high frequency of mutations in mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） has been detected in ovarian cancer. To explore the alterations of proteins in mitochondria in ovarian cancer, a pair of human ovarian carcinoma cell lines （SKOV3/SKOV3.ip1） with different metastatic potentials was examined. Methods： Cancer cells SKOV3.ipl were derived from the ascitic tumor cells of nude mice bearing a tumor of ovarian cancer cells SKOV3. SKOV3.ipl exhibited a higher degree of migration potential than its paired cell line SKOV3. The proteins in the mi- tochondria of these two cells were isolated and separated by 2-D gel electrophoresis. The differently expressed proteins were extracted and identified using matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation/time-of-flight/time-of-flight （MALDITOF/TOF）, and finally a selected protein candidate was further investigated by immunohistochemistry （IHC） method in nude mice bearing tumor tissues of these two cells. Results： A total of 35 spots with different expressions were identified between the two cells using 2D-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （PAGE） approach. Among them, 17 spots were detected only in either SKOV3 or SKOV3.ipl cells. Eighteen spots expressed different levels, with as much as a three-fold difference between the two cells. Twenty spots were analyzed using MALDI-TOF/TOF, and 11 of them were identified successfully; four were known to be located in mitochondria, including superoxide dismutase 2 （SOD2）, fumarate hydratase （FH）, mitochondrial ribosomal protein L38 （MRPL38）, and mRNA turnover 4 homolog （MRTO4）. An increased staining of SOD2 was observed in SKOV3.ipl over that of SKOV3 in IHC analysis. Conclusions： Our results indicate that the enhanced antioxidation and metabolic potentials of ovarian cancer cells might contribute to their aggressive and metastatic behaviors. The underlying mechanism warrants further study.

GLOBAL DYNAMICS OF AN IN-HOST HIV-HNFECTION MODEL WITH THE LONG-LIVED INFECTED CELLS AND FOUR INTRACELLULAR DELAYS

In this paper, we investigate global dynamics for an in-host HIV-1 infection model with the long-lived infected cells and four intracellular delays. Our model admits two possible equilibria, an uninfected equilibrium and infected equilibrium depending on the basic reproduction number. We derive that the global dynamics are completely determined by the values of the basic reproduction number： if the basic reproduction number is less than one, the uninfected equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, and the virus is cleared; if the basic reproduction number is larger than one, then the infection persists, and the infected equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable.