AIM:To evaluate whether total splenic artery embolization(TSAE) for patients with hypersplenism delivers better long-term outcomes than partial splenic embolization(PSE).METHODS:Sixty-one patients with hypersplenism e...AIM:To evaluate whether total splenic artery embolization(TSAE) for patients with hypersplenism delivers better long-term outcomes than partial splenic embolization(PSE).METHODS:Sixty-one patients with hypersplenism eligible for TSAE(n = 27,group A) or PSE(n = 34,group B) were enrolled into the trial,which included clinical and computed tomography follow-up.Data on technical success,length of hospital stay,white blood cell(WBC) and platelet(PLT) counts,splenic volume and complications were collected at 2 wk,6 mo,and 1,2,3,4 years postoperatively.RESULTS:Both TSAE and PSE were technically successful in all patients.Complications were significantly fewer(P = 0.001),and hospital stay significantly shorter(P = 0.007),in group A than in group B.Postprocedure WBC and PLT counts in group A were significantly higher than those in group B from 6 mo to 4 years(P = 0.001),and post-procedure residual splenic volume in group A was significantly less than that observed in group B at 1,2,3 and 4 years post-procedure(P = 0.001).No significant differences were observed in red blood cell counts and liver function parameters between the two groups following the procedure.CONCLUSION:Our results indicate that TSAE for patients with hypersplenism not only delivers a better longterm outcome,but is also associated with lower complication rates and a shorter hospital stay than PSE.展开更多
Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and rapidly increasing cancers in Pakistan.There is currently no standard management for advanced HCC.The aim of the study was to assess response rate ...Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and rapidly increasing cancers in Pakistan.There is currently no standard management for advanced HCC.The aim of the study was to assess response rate and toxicity of concomitant gemcitabine and external radiation therapy (ERT) in locally advanced HCC.Methods:Sixty patients were enrolled.Gemcitabine,70 mg/m2 was given weekly during ERT.ERT was delivered with 60Co beam up to 30.6 Gy,1.8 Gy/fraction.Tumor response was assessed by computed tomography (CT) at eight weeks.Complete and partial response (CR and PR),progressive and stable disease (PD and SD) were assessed.Hematological,gastrointestinal and hepatic toxicities were assessed weekly.Results:No CR was seen.PR,SD and PD were seen in 33%,40% and 27% of patients respectively.Grade 3/4 toxicity for total leukocyte count and platelets was observed in 7% and 27% patients.Grade 3/4 toxicity for liver failure,bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase was seen in 35%,28%,38%,24% and 43% patients respectively.Conclusion:The study showed that concomitant gemcitabine and ERT is a feasible option with moderate toxicity in advanced HCC.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to point out the dominant factor of heat and mass distribution in single-cell PEFC （polymer electrolyte fuel cell）. The numerical simulation by simple 3D model to clarify the influence o...The purpose of this study is to point out the dominant factor of heat and mass distribution in single-cell PEFC （polymer electrolyte fuel cell）. The numerical simulation by simple 3D model to clarify the influence of cell components structure on heat and mass transfer phenomena as well as power generation experiment and measurement of in-plane temperature distribution by thermograph was carried out. From the simulation, the gas channel pitch of separator was the key factor to unify in-plane distribution of temperature and gas concentration on reaction surface in cell. The compression of GDL （gas diffusion layer） by cell binding caused wider distribution of mass concentration in GDL. From the experiment, the power generation performance was promoted with decreasing gas channel pitch. The temperature range in observation area was reduced with decreasing gas channel pitch. It can be concluded that the power generation performance is promoted by decreasing gas channel pitch.展开更多
Mathematical modelling of cellular metabolism plays an important role in understandingbiological functions and providing identification of targets for biotechnological modification.This paperproposes a nonlinear bilev...Mathematical modelling of cellular metabolism plays an important role in understandingbiological functions and providing identification of targets for biotechnological modification.This paperproposes a nonlinear bilevel programming(NBP)model to infer the objective function of anaerobicglycerol metabolism in Klebsiella Pneumoniae(K.Pneumoniae)for 1,3-propanediol(1,3-PD)production.Based on the Kuhn-Tucker optimality condition of the lower level problem,NBP is transformedinto a nonlinear programming with complementary and slackness conditions.The authors give the existencetheorem of solutions to NBP.An efficient algorithm is proposed to solve NBP and its convergenceis also simply analyzed.Numerical results reveal some interesting conclusions,e.g.,biomass productionis the main force to drive glycerol metabolism,and the objective functions,which are obtained in termof several different groups of flux distributions,are similar.展开更多
The blood-brain barrier permeability of 20（S） and 20（R）-protopanaxatriol epimers and dammar-20（22）E,24-diene- 313,6α,12β-triol were investigated using the MDCK-pHaMDR cell monolayer model. The bidirectional pe...The blood-brain barrier permeability of 20（S） and 20（R）-protopanaxatriol epimers and dammar-20（22）E,24-diene- 313,6α,12β-triol were investigated using the MDCK-pHaMDR cell monolayer model. The bidirectional permeability tests were carried out, and the apparent permeability coefficients （Papp） were calculated. The two protopanaxatriol epimers showed good permeability with Papp values of-10^-5 cm/s, whereas dammar-20（22）E,24-diene-3β,6α, 12β-triol showed poor permeability with Papp of 〈1 × 10^-7 cm/s. The three compounds showed differences in intracellular accumulations due to their different structures. Inhibition of P-gp with verapamil showed that the transport mechanisms in MDCK-pHaMDR cell monolayer for compounds 1 and 2 epimers were not only simple passive diffusion but also involving an effiux way mediated by P-gp. These findings provided new basis for the further study of compounds 1 and 2 acting on the brain.展开更多
文摘AIM:To evaluate whether total splenic artery embolization(TSAE) for patients with hypersplenism delivers better long-term outcomes than partial splenic embolization(PSE).METHODS:Sixty-one patients with hypersplenism eligible for TSAE(n = 27,group A) or PSE(n = 34,group B) were enrolled into the trial,which included clinical and computed tomography follow-up.Data on technical success,length of hospital stay,white blood cell(WBC) and platelet(PLT) counts,splenic volume and complications were collected at 2 wk,6 mo,and 1,2,3,4 years postoperatively.RESULTS:Both TSAE and PSE were technically successful in all patients.Complications were significantly fewer(P = 0.001),and hospital stay significantly shorter(P = 0.007),in group A than in group B.Postprocedure WBC and PLT counts in group A were significantly higher than those in group B from 6 mo to 4 years(P = 0.001),and post-procedure residual splenic volume in group A was significantly less than that observed in group B at 1,2,3 and 4 years post-procedure(P = 0.001).No significant differences were observed in red blood cell counts and liver function parameters between the two groups following the procedure.CONCLUSION:Our results indicate that TSAE for patients with hypersplenism not only delivers a better longterm outcome,but is also associated with lower complication rates and a shorter hospital stay than PSE.
文摘Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and rapidly increasing cancers in Pakistan.There is currently no standard management for advanced HCC.The aim of the study was to assess response rate and toxicity of concomitant gemcitabine and external radiation therapy (ERT) in locally advanced HCC.Methods:Sixty patients were enrolled.Gemcitabine,70 mg/m2 was given weekly during ERT.ERT was delivered with 60Co beam up to 30.6 Gy,1.8 Gy/fraction.Tumor response was assessed by computed tomography (CT) at eight weeks.Complete and partial response (CR and PR),progressive and stable disease (PD and SD) were assessed.Hematological,gastrointestinal and hepatic toxicities were assessed weekly.Results:No CR was seen.PR,SD and PD were seen in 33%,40% and 27% of patients respectively.Grade 3/4 toxicity for total leukocyte count and platelets was observed in 7% and 27% patients.Grade 3/4 toxicity for liver failure,bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase was seen in 35%,28%,38%,24% and 43% patients respectively.Conclusion:The study showed that concomitant gemcitabine and ERT is a feasible option with moderate toxicity in advanced HCC.
文摘The purpose of this study is to point out the dominant factor of heat and mass distribution in single-cell PEFC （polymer electrolyte fuel cell）. The numerical simulation by simple 3D model to clarify the influence of cell components structure on heat and mass transfer phenomena as well as power generation experiment and measurement of in-plane temperature distribution by thermograph was carried out. From the simulation, the gas channel pitch of separator was the key factor to unify in-plane distribution of temperature and gas concentration on reaction surface in cell. The compression of GDL （gas diffusion layer） by cell binding caused wider distribution of mass concentration in GDL. From the experiment, the power generation performance was promoted with decreasing gas channel pitch. The temperature range in observation area was reduced with decreasing gas channel pitch. It can be concluded that the power generation performance is promoted by decreasing gas channel pitch.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10871033 and 10671126
文摘Mathematical modelling of cellular metabolism plays an important role in understandingbiological functions and providing identification of targets for biotechnological modification.This paperproposes a nonlinear bilevel programming(NBP)model to infer the objective function of anaerobicglycerol metabolism in Klebsiella Pneumoniae(K.Pneumoniae)for 1,3-propanediol(1,3-PD)production.Based on the Kuhn-Tucker optimality condition of the lower level problem,NBP is transformedinto a nonlinear programming with complementary and slackness conditions.The authors give the existencetheorem of solutions to NBP.An efficient algorithm is proposed to solve NBP and its convergenceis also simply analyzed.Numerical results reveal some interesting conclusions,e.g.,biomass productionis the main force to drive glycerol metabolism,and the objective functions,which are obtained in termof several different groups of flux distributions,are similar.
基金The National New Drug R&D Program(Grant No.2011BAI07B082009ZX09301-010)of China
文摘The blood-brain barrier permeability of 20（S） and 20（R）-protopanaxatriol epimers and dammar-20（22）E,24-diene- 313,6α,12β-triol were investigated using the MDCK-pHaMDR cell monolayer model. The bidirectional permeability tests were carried out, and the apparent permeability coefficients （Papp） were calculated. The two protopanaxatriol epimers showed good permeability with Papp values of-10^-5 cm/s, whereas dammar-20（22）E,24-diene-3β,6α, 12β-triol showed poor permeability with Papp of 〈1 × 10^-7 cm/s. The three compounds showed differences in intracellular accumulations due to their different structures. Inhibition of P-gp with verapamil showed that the transport mechanisms in MDCK-pHaMDR cell monolayer for compounds 1 and 2 epimers were not only simple passive diffusion but also involving an effiux way mediated by P-gp. These findings provided new basis for the further study of compounds 1 and 2 acting on the brain.
