Objectives.- The GRECO study has collected data on pregnancies, regardless of their outcome, that occurred in women taking an oral contraceptive. Patients and methods.-The analysis concerned 551 women prospectively re...Objectives.- The GRECO study has collected data on pregnancies, regardless of their outcome, that occurred in women taking an oral contraceptive. Patients and methods.-The analysis concerned 551 women prospectively recruited in services of gynaecology or obstetrics, termination of pregnancy centres, family planning centres or consultations of gynaecology in France throughout 2002 and who were 12 weeks pregnant or less. Results.-Contraception used during the cycle of conception was an estroprogestative combination in 88% of cases, a microprogestative in 8.7% , a macroprogestative in 0.9% or another type of pill in 2.4% . Progestatives were levonorgestrel 59.0% , gestoden 17.2% , desogestrel 4.7% , norethisterone acetate 2.9% , norgestimate 1.8% , cyproterone acetate 2.0% , norgestrel 1.6% . When asked about the potential cause of the oral contraceptive failure, 76.9% of women reported events such as missed pills which were the most frequent cause of failure (60.8% of failures and 80.1% of events, 2.7 ± 2.7 missed pills), followed by vomiting and diarrhoea. 81.5% of women chose to terminate their pregnancy. Discussion and conclusion.-The GRECO study, despite its limitations (retrospective collection of missed pills data, declaratory data)-showed that missed pills, even once, were the most common reason for oral contraceptive failure. The most frequent decision was the termination of pregnancy.展开更多
Objective: This study was undertaken to describe the sonographic features of fetal glossoptosis in the Pierre Robin sequence. Study design: Fetal sonography was prospectively performed in 8000 consecutive pregnancies ...Objective: This study was undertaken to describe the sonographic features of fetal glossoptosis in the Pierre Robin sequence. Study design: Fetal sonography was prospectively performed in 8000 consecutive pregnancies at 14 to 24 weeks’gestation. In addition we retrospectively reevaluated ultrasound recordings of 4 fetuses from other hospitals, in which the diagnosis of Pierre Robin sequence was overlooked at 22 weeks’gestation. Glossoptosis was defined as a posteriorly displaced tongue that never reached the anterior mandibular alveolar ridge while watching the fetal profile. Micrognathia, which is a component of the sequence, was subjectively defined. Results: Glossoptosis with micrognathia was detected in 2 fetuses in the prospective group at 14 and 15 weeks’gestation. Both pregnancies were terminated; the diagnosis was confirmed in 1 case where postmortem examination was performed. There were no false-negative diagnoses in the other 7998 fetuses. Glossoptosis and micrognathia were observed in the 4 retrospective cases. Conclusion: Sonographic identification of glossoptosis with fetal micrognathia suggests the possibility of Pierre Robin sequence.展开更多
Objective To explore the effects on macaques’ menstrual recovery after terminating early pregnancy by focused ultrasound beams (FUB) Methods FUB was used to terminate early pregnancy in 5 macaques with ge...Objective To explore the effects on macaques’ menstrual recovery after terminating early pregnancy by focused ultrasound beams (FUB) Methods FUB was used to terminate early pregnancy in 5 macaques with gestation duration ranging from 37-66 d. Two circles after the recovery of menstruation, color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to estimate the shape, size and blood flow of uterus, and pathological examinations were performed to check against any lesions to uterine endometrium and ovary. Results Forty days after FUB abortion, menstruation recovered and the volume and duration of each macaque’s menstruation were not changed compared with those be- fore gestation. CDFI and MRI suggested that the size and shape of uterus were normal. The endometrial line was clear and no lesions were found in adjacent organs. Conclusion FUB termination of early pregnancy in macaques did not damage their ovarian tissue and had no influence on subsequent menstrual recovery.Key words: focused ultrasound beams (FUB); macaque; early pregnancy; menstrual recovery展开更多
文摘Objectives.- The GRECO study has collected data on pregnancies, regardless of their outcome, that occurred in women taking an oral contraceptive. Patients and methods.-The analysis concerned 551 women prospectively recruited in services of gynaecology or obstetrics, termination of pregnancy centres, family planning centres or consultations of gynaecology in France throughout 2002 and who were 12 weeks pregnant or less. Results.-Contraception used during the cycle of conception was an estroprogestative combination in 88% of cases, a microprogestative in 8.7% , a macroprogestative in 0.9% or another type of pill in 2.4% . Progestatives were levonorgestrel 59.0% , gestoden 17.2% , desogestrel 4.7% , norethisterone acetate 2.9% , norgestimate 1.8% , cyproterone acetate 2.0% , norgestrel 1.6% . When asked about the potential cause of the oral contraceptive failure, 76.9% of women reported events such as missed pills which were the most frequent cause of failure (60.8% of failures and 80.1% of events, 2.7 ± 2.7 missed pills), followed by vomiting and diarrhoea. 81.5% of women chose to terminate their pregnancy. Discussion and conclusion.-The GRECO study, despite its limitations (retrospective collection of missed pills data, declaratory data)-showed that missed pills, even once, were the most common reason for oral contraceptive failure. The most frequent decision was the termination of pregnancy.
文摘Objective: This study was undertaken to describe the sonographic features of fetal glossoptosis in the Pierre Robin sequence. Study design: Fetal sonography was prospectively performed in 8000 consecutive pregnancies at 14 to 24 weeks’gestation. In addition we retrospectively reevaluated ultrasound recordings of 4 fetuses from other hospitals, in which the diagnosis of Pierre Robin sequence was overlooked at 22 weeks’gestation. Glossoptosis was defined as a posteriorly displaced tongue that never reached the anterior mandibular alveolar ridge while watching the fetal profile. Micrognathia, which is a component of the sequence, was subjectively defined. Results: Glossoptosis with micrognathia was detected in 2 fetuses in the prospective group at 14 and 15 weeks’gestation. Both pregnancies were terminated; the diagnosis was confirmed in 1 case where postmortem examination was performed. There were no false-negative diagnoses in the other 7998 fetuses. Glossoptosis and micrognathia were observed in the 4 retrospective cases. Conclusion: Sonographic identification of glossoptosis with fetal micrognathia suggests the possibility of Pierre Robin sequence.
基金This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) grantNo. 39630340
文摘Objective To explore the effects on macaques’ menstrual recovery after terminating early pregnancy by focused ultrasound beams (FUB) Methods FUB was used to terminate early pregnancy in 5 macaques with gestation duration ranging from 37-66 d. Two circles after the recovery of menstruation, color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to estimate the shape, size and blood flow of uterus, and pathological examinations were performed to check against any lesions to uterine endometrium and ovary. Results Forty days after FUB abortion, menstruation recovered and the volume and duration of each macaque’s menstruation were not changed compared with those be- fore gestation. CDFI and MRI suggested that the size and shape of uterus were normal. The endometrial line was clear and no lesions were found in adjacent organs. Conclusion FUB termination of early pregnancy in macaques did not damage their ovarian tissue and had no influence on subsequent menstrual recovery.Key words: focused ultrasound beams (FUB); macaque; early pregnancy; menstrual recovery
