谈物资合理储备

在社会化大生产的过程中,由于生产与消费的时间不同步,供求关系上的不平衡,为缓解这些矛盾,保证企业生产过程连续不断进行,要求企业生产必须有一定数量的仓储物资做后盾,但如何达到储量适度、费用最省、服务最好、效益最高、科学合理,是摆在物资系统的重要课题.

物资储备定额管理在沙漠油田的运用发展

物资储备定额是保证沙漠油田生产经营活动正常进行所必须的合理库存数量,对于远离城市物流基地、配送企业的沙漠腹地石油企业来说,制定合理、科学、经济的物资储备尤为重要。由于油气生产、生活保障所需物资消耗、需求的多样性、复杂性、专业性的特点,各类物资储备量根据地域、工艺、开发情况呈现不同状况,要依实际情况来科学制定。当企业生产规模、运行模式具有经常性、连续性的特点时,对物料的需要比较均衡,就可以计算一个周期的合理库存量标准,这个标准就可以成为沙漠油田在一定时期内储备定额的制定标准和依据。简言之,有了科学合理的储备定额就能实现企业的优质供应链条和顺畅物流通道,进而实现科学储备量、经济运行方式、生产生活保障的基础。

可持续发展与乡镇企业经济转型

乡镇企业的迅猛发展，对我国经济的增长起着巨大的推动作用，已成为国民经济不可缺少的组成部分，随着可持续发展战略在我国的实施，乡镇企业只有选择可持续发展道路来发展自己，这意味着乡镇企业要调整旧有的企业战略和企业行为，重新探寻乡镇企业的经济目标与生存目标，社会目标相互协调的经济发展模式，以满足可持续发展的需要，笔者认为，实现以下几个经济转型对乡镇企业走可持续发展道路尤为重要。

Multi-formal and Information-based Emergency Resource Reserve System in China

Emergency resources are an important basis of effective emergency response. But there are many disadvantages of the Chinese traditional material reserve method in which the resources are separately reserved in different regions and sections according to the kinds of disasters. So there comes the Multi-formal and Information-based Emergency Resource Reserve System (MIERRS) in China. The reserve body and method change from the single into the multiple forms, that is, the main reserve body changes from the single government agency into the organizations combining with the military, enterprise and society, and the reserve method changes from single material reserve into the reserve combining with market reserve, talents and technology reserve, and production capacity reserve. The content of the reserve change from material to information means to develop the Emergency Resource Management Information System realizing real-time control of resource characteristics and relevant reserve information. The MIERRS leads to a reserve system with rapid response and flexible schedule. It provides a convenient platform for resource sharing, thus avoiding duplication and waste, improving the utilization of resources, reducing the reserve loss and optimizing the structure of resource reserve.

新时期我国粮食仓储设施合理规模和布局规划研究

粮食仓储设施是我国粮食安全保障体系的重要物质载体,对加快粮食产业高质量发展、维护我国新时期粮食产业链供应链安全稳定,构建更高层次、更高质量、更有效率、更可持续的粮食安全保障体系具有重要意义。根据我国粮食的产需特点创新性地提出了以余粮量为基础的储备规模测算方法,克服了储备规模与产量脱节的缺点,给出了按收购、储备、中转不同环节功能合理测算仓储设施规模的方法,根据不同环节的特点,找出各环节的主要决定因素,收纳主要由商品量决定,储备主要由储备规模决定,中转主要由物流量决定,并通过系数分析建立公式,得出粮食仓储物流设施合理规模。提出了优化仓储设施布局的储备仓经济模型,即以储备功能为主的储备仓在某个规模下效益是最高的,规模不宜过小,也不宜过大。提出的相关测算方法为新期间各地合理规划建设粮食仓储设施提供了重要参考和基础依据。

Renminbi Internationalization and Stability of the International Monetary System

This paper investigates the stability of the international monetary system using the new open economic analysis framework. Our research has discovered that conditions for the stability of the international monetary system are such that the economic volume of reserve currency countries must be large enough and that the solvency capacity growth rate of reserve currency countries should be no lower than the real output growth rate of non- reserve currency countries and the real return of the reserve currency,＂ the existence of the valuation effect cannot secure the stability of a reserve currency,＂ and inclusion of the euro and the Japanese yen into international reserve currencies cannot stabilize the international monetary system, while Renminbi internationalization plays an irreplaceable role to the stability of the international monetary system.

Relationship Among Reserve Ratio, Government Spending and Economic Growth

The relationship among reserve ration, government spending and economic growth was analyzed. A monetary endogenous growth model is well developed by taking into account the growth-enhancing effects of re- serve-augmenting seigniorage. If the government spends all the seigniorage revenue on the provision of a public input which has positive externality on the private sector’s production, some results to be utterly different from Bronx’s have been obtained: the economy has a unique saddle-balanced growth path, but it has nothing to do with reserve ratio. However, the higher reserve ratio, the faster speed of economic convergence.

China＇s grain macroeconomic regulation and control strategy of economic strategy research

this article through to the national food security problems, and puts forward China＇s grain macro-control mechanism is to follow the food economic law, with the national food security as the foundation, the food economy structure adjustment as power, based on production and supply balance, trade and consumption balance, price and social grain total cost balance, grain reserves and the retaining rate balance four as the key point, establish and perfect the food security is the core of the production, processing, trade, reserve, consumption for control system, perfect the government macroeconomic regulation and control of the market, protect the food producers and consumers＇ vital interests, early warning and solving the international and domestic food crisis and risk, maintain food markets continue to stability and promote national economic security of food.

中国森林资源的动态演变和现状及储备的战略构想

从中国森林资源的动态演变及其现状出发,以相关的统计资料为基础,从理论角度分析了森林资源储备问题。认为森林资源储备的实质是森林资源在时间上和空间上动态的均衡配置过程,是一种在时空尺度上的森林数量和质量的动态变化过程。森林资源的储备不仅是数量(规模)的储备,还应包括质量的储备,并将其划分为生态性森林资源的储备和经济性森林资源的储备。认为森林资源储备的最终目标是要实现一种"前沿森林"状态。提出森林资源储备的主体应实行政府主导,企业、个人等多方参与的多元化主体。同时,应该建立国家森林资源储备制度,包括制定森林资源储备法案,设立森林资源储备的专项基金等,来保障森林资源储备的有效实施。