建设更高水平的消费经济型社会

增强消费对经济增长的拉动作用,必须建设更高水平的消费经济型社会。消费经济型社会是我国经济发展的必然趋势,是完全符合我国现实国情的。目前,我国消费经济型社会是初级形态,消费对经济增长拉动作用还没有更充分地发挥出来。建设更高水平的消费经济型社会既是我国发展的手段,又是我国发展的目标。要认真解决这一难题,全面提升消费经济型社会。

“包容性增长”视角下社会制衡型环境经济政策的设想

文章以胡锦涛主席提出的"包容性增长"方式理念为指导,通过分析政府管制型环境经济政策的缺陷,提出构建社会制衡型环境经济政策模型,从而实现对社会经济的"包容性增长"和推动"两型社会"的建设。

浅谈地区专业化、经济一体化与两型社会建设

资源节约型和环境友好型社会建设的基本内涵是以经济一体化为前提条件,推进地区专业化分工,进而实现对资源的高效配置,提高社会福利水平。以推进地区专业化为目标,武汉城市圈必须在基础设施、商品市场、要素市场及服务市场一体化等方面加快区域经济一体化进程。

社会型经济在生态环境治理中的应用

在经济技术全面增速发展的进程中,可持续发展已经成为主流趋势,并在各领域中逐步渗透及贯穿,在任何情况下,经济发展与生态环境的发展都需并驾齐驱,由此实现长远性发展目标。因此,在推动经济发展的过程中,还需采取可行性措施去节约自然资源,降低资源损耗量及浪费量,实现对自然生态环境的充分保护,促使生态环境保护、治理,与社会经济发展相协调,实现持续发展目标,相对的,生态环境持续恶化,将产生对社会经济发展的阻碍性影响。因此,社会型经济在生态环境治理中发挥着重要作用,二者之间存在密切联系,需找准切入点加强对社会型经济的灵活应用。

探究企业文化对当代企业经济发展的作用

社会在不断向经济型社会转型过渡,更加重视文化氛围对企业经济发展的重要性,企业文化已经成为当前企业经济发展的关键元素,可以有效提高企业的核心竞争能力,为企业营造起良好的氛围。本文将对企业文化对当代企业经济发展的作用进行探究,对企业文化对自身管理带来的影响以及与经济发展之间的联系等问题进行分析,提出优化企业管理模式,帮助企业营造良好的企业文化等措施,有效帮助企业谋求更加长远的发展。

兴衰之运:以水为中心的洪山社会经济

洪山源泉为洪山乃至泉域附近人民生产生活提供了重要的水资源。资泉水之利而形成的洪山水利型社会经济,书写了洪山的千年繁荣史。洪山村作为山西省省级历史文化名村,以水文化、香文化和陶瓷文化闻名遐迩,历有"水、陶、香"之乡美誉。近年来由于源泉断流,最终使曾经久负盛名的洪山开始走向衰落。文章呈现以水为中心的洪山社会经济状况,挖掘村落历史文化,也为当今观察中国社会历史如何应对资源危机提供一个独特的视角:传承中警示、保护中发展。

Familial and Territorial Values for Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Italy： Some Reflections in Theory and Practice]

This study reflects the specificities of family small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） which are related to values, culture, and relationships with the territory （local context）. In the following sustainable and corporate social responsibility （CSR）-oriented strategies, family businesses are ＂assisted＂ by the presence of entrepreneurial values which are tied to and derived from the social system in the territory in which they are located. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the consolidation of stable and durable relations between the family business and the local context depends on the presence of shared values between the members of the family and the stakeholders, all components of civil society are within the same territory. Such values are the fruit of a given territory＇s civic traditions. They are the result of an anthropological culture which is typical of the socioeconomic environment in which the entrepreneur, the family, and the business are all rooted, thus, they are expressions of a culture ＂of the place＂.

The Impacts of External Debt on Economic Growth in Transition Economies

The 1989 and following years were the periods in which many important economic and political tumovers took place in the world. That was the time when Berlin Wall fell down with scattering the Eastern block and many politically independent states came into being, at the same time, ongoing about 70 years socialist system also started to change into liberal system. The constituted 27 states in 1991 were tended to liberal economic system instead of socialist economy, and these states were called as transition economies. In this study, the relationship between indebtedness and growth rate of transition countries were analyzed by panel autoregressive distributed lag model （ARDL）. Before panel ARDL application, stationary properties of the variables have been checked with first and second generation unit root test. For the second generation unit root tests, CADF tests have been used. Also cross section dependency has been examined by LM tests.

Bangladesh Economic Development Model （BED Model）

Bangladesh economy has experienced some stable growths with regard to major macroeconomic indicators, significant progress in social development indicators, rural infrastructure, investment in industrial agricultural sector, and poverty alleviation since the 1990s. Bangladesh has made major strides in its human development index （HDI）, population growth rate achieved to 1.3%, gross domestic product （GDP） over the last five years achieved more than 5% growth consecutively; as a result, it mooted the Brazil, Russia, India, China （BRIC） successors, otherwise known as the Next-11. The success has come through the miracle activities of micro finance （MF： Grameen Bank and non-governmental organizations （NGOs））, remittance from migrant worker （RMW）, and export of readymade garment （ERMG） products. These three （MF, RMW, and ERMG） as the ＂prime powers＂ or engines have been achieving to ＂bottom up＂ of social economic development. This paper reviews aspects of economic development in Bangladesh, analyzes three prime powers, and tries to find out a development pattern, vis-a-vis construct Bangladesh economic development model or BED model. Finally, this paper examines Bangladesh＇s development experience in light of the BED model. It has recognized MF model for poverty alleviation in the worldwide.

Analysis on the Causes of the Plight of Chinese Rural Migrant Workers＇ Endowment Insurance

At present, Chinese society is from traditional society to modern society in transition to accelerate, in the social, political, and economic structure, great changes have taken place; due to strong liquidity, migrant workers＇ groups in social security, are still in the stage of development, and there are still a lot of problems, especially the problem of endowment insurance. Although local governments develop the old-age insurance of migrant workers with their own characteristics, and have their respective advantages, but the effect is not ideal, as follows： ＂one low and one high＂, namely the migrant workers＇ participation rate was low and the insurance of migrant workers was ＂high rate of surrender＂. The reason is both within the Chinese social transformation factors, and external economic globalization competition; both obiectively, government policy implementation is not in place, and subjectively, migrant workers lack insured willing.

Analyzing and Pondering on the Regulation of Urban Construction Land Expansion

Along with the economic development and the acceleration of urbanization,urban construction land expands rapidly in China,and has resulted in a series of socio-economic problems.This article summarized the major points of controlling the unchecked and rash expansion of construction land in the academic circle,and analyzed the problems of regulating the expansion of construction land from three aspects.First,this article analyzed the relationships between socio-economic development and urbanization from the historical viewpoints,and pointed out that the expansion of construction land is a historical phenomenon which will be surely appeared in the development of human race.Second,the authors utilized two-sector model to analyze the importance of urbanization in the socio-economic development from the academic angles.At last,the authors utilize four-quadrant model and bidrent curve model to analyze the influence that brought by the strict control of construction land expansion.Through analysis,this article drew some conclusions.First,the expansion of construction land is a phenomenon which will surely appear in the social development.It is impossible to accomplish the national modernization on the basis of dualistic structure between urban and rural areas.Second,under the function of rent gradient gap,strict control of construction land expansion will not only obtain the anticipated effects,but also cause a series of socio-economic problems,such as land-levying contradiction,the appearance of limited property right house,and being dependant on lease instead of expropriation.Third,unreasonable policies and governmental behaviors are the roots of the unchecked and rash expansion of urban construction land.Based on these conclusions,this article proposed that three transformations should be realized to regulate the unchecked and rash expansion of construction land:transfers from quantity regulation to quality regulation,from direct regulation to indirect regulation,and from single-measure regulation to multi-measures regulation.

Youth and Employment： The Effectiveness of the Youth Guarantee Plan in Emilia Romagna and Sicily

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the ＂Youth Guarantee Plan＂ implemented by two Italian regions： Emilia Romagna and Sicily. Within the tradition of the sociology of public action, the study proposes a deepening of the institutional and cognitive analysis of public policies. From the comparison, two distinct models of public action emerge： The first model that implemented by the Emilia Romagna Region, appears more procedural and more founded on the involvement of institutions present in the territory （employment centres, universities, chambers of commerce, professional bodies）, whilst the second model, implemented by the Sicily Region, seems founded mainly on the emphasis placed on the economistic definition of the policy. From the study, most of all, the processes through which the distinct regional public actions succeed in interpreting the innovative potential of the Youth Guarantee Plan and the relations existing between the effectiveness of the policies and the collective meanings that institutions and individuals assign to them, emerge.

The AHP-Based Assessment of Public Services With Respect to Different Groups of Customers of Polish Local Government

The situation of the contemporary economic systems is based on their ability to ensure optimal response to the customer needs. There are several important groups of clients, who may determine development processes and who are recipients of public services. They include： residents, entrepreneurs, tourists, and State Treasury. Local governments are equipped with a range of legal instruments to provide public services addressed to the selected clients. The objective of this paper is to present the application of the AHP method to assess the significance of the selected categories of public services for different groups of clients in Poland. The results allow setting priorities for future policy and adjust the tasks to the specific expectations of each group of clients. The model of assessment of public services was built using the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. Since the 1970＇s, this multicriteria decision-support method has been used by researchers and practitioners in many areas of socioeconomic life. The case study presented in this paper involved 14 experts--public administration workers in one of the districts in Southern Poland. The survey consisted of two stages. First, they assessed--using the AHP--the influence of each group of customers on local development processes. The most important was ＂business＂ （priority 38.7%）, followed by ＂tourists＂ （29.7%）, ＂citizens＂ （26.1%）, and ＂central administration＂ （5.5%）. Second, they evaluated at the five-point Liken scale the influence of over 20 different public services with respect to different groups of clients. The results were aggregated using arithmetic mean and multiplied by the priorities of the clients. The synthesized final score indicated the most significant public activities overall, which were ＂roads＂ （4.16）, ＂transport＂ （3.93）, and ＂tourism＂ （3.84）.

Behaviour of Humans and Behaviour of Models in Dynamic Space

This paper addresses new trends in quantitative geography research. Modern social science research--including economic and social geography--has in the past decades shown an increasing interest in micro-oriented behaviour of actors. This is inter alia clearly reflected in SIMs （spatial interaction models）, where discrete choice approaches have assumed a powerful position. This paper aims to provide in particular a concise review of micro-based research, with the aim to review the potential--but also the caveats---of micro models to map out human behaviour. In particular, attention will be devoted to interactive learning principles that shape individual decisions. Lessons from cognitive sciences will be put forward and illustrated, amongst others on the basis of computational neural networks or spatial econometric approaches. Particular attention will be paid to non-linear dynamic spatial models, amongst others, in the context of chaos theory and complexity science. The methodology of deductive reasoning under conditions of large data bases in studying human mobility will be questioned as well. In this context more extensive attention is given to ceteris paribus conditions and evolutionary thinking. The relevance of the paper will be illustrated by referring to various spatial applications in different disciplines and different application areas, e.g. in geography, regional science or urban economics.

Development of resource-conserving society:from the perspective of circular economy

The purpose of building a resource-conserving society is to pursuit less resource consumption and less environmental pollution,and to accept greater economic and social benefits,and the ultimate goal is to ensure sustainable use of resources and economic and social sustainable development.Developing circular economy is the inevitable choice and the basic way to build a resource-conserving society.Recycling economy is a resource-conserving production,initiate resource-conserving consumption,and it is the key to build resource-conserving society.This study tries to clarify the relationship between them and bring forward a scientific index system which can measure the development level of a resource-conserving society.It provides a new set of ideas for the evaluation of resourceconserving society,and it is important for the resource-conserving society assessment and construction,while further empirical research is made on China's eastern coastal Shandong Province.

A Hurdle Negative Binomial Regression Model for Non-Marital Fertility in Namibia

The rise of non-marital fertility, which seems to defy the Bongaarts model by decoupling marriage from fertility, has become a subject of interest in both the developed and developing world. Consequences of non-marital fertility are mostly negative particularly in developing countries. In Namibia, although premarital childbearing has been reported to be high and increasing, no studies have explicitly analyzed factors influencing non-marital fertility. This paper uses data from the 2006/7 Namibia DHS to establish the determinants of non-marital fertility among women by applying a two-part model, with one part to describe the presence of non-marital birth and the other part to explain its intensity （number of children born）. Using the number of children ever born as an outcome, we explored various count data models. Based on the Voung statistics model comparison, we settled for the Hurdle logit Negative Binomial regression to model the number of non-marital births. Non-marital fertility in Namibia is associated with the age, with young women likely to have lower fertility compared to older women. Women with secondary or higher education had lower fertility compared those with no formal education. Findings also show that rural women higher fertility propensity compared to their urban counterparts even though there was no significant difference in fertility intensity. With regard to socio-economic status, fertility intensity decreased as the women got richer. Intervention efforts should focus on promoting education among girls and women especially in rural areas to improve their socio-economic status, reduce teenage pregnancy and non-marital fertility.

Analysis of certain differential equation models in the economic system

The basic contradiction of socialist society is still a contradiction between the relations of production and productivity, the superstructure and the economic base. This contradiction is concentrated in the production relations and a series of interconnected links and aspects in the superstructure that don＇t match the development of the productivity, these links and they are concentrated in the economic system. Therefore, reforming the economic system is to reform the production relations and a series of interconnected links and aspects in the superstructure that don＇t match the development of the productivity under the premise of adhering to the basic system of socialism. This re^brm is a self-improvement and development of the socialist system in order to promote the development of the socialist productive forces and the development of socialist modernization greatly.

转型中国：要在流动中实现正义

趋向：社会流动由政治主宰型走向经济诱致型改革开放前中国的社会流动属于政治主宰型模式，这个模式表现为：不论是在流动的具体表现形式还是在流动机制上，政治标准、政治价值、政治身份、政治手段、政治改造、政治运动等所有与政治有关的因素起到决定性的影响。改革开放后，我国社会流动开始摆脱政治主宰，而更多地取决于经济发展和经济活动，这是一种经济诱致型社会流动。这一模式的特点是：职业地位取代了政治地位，而成为一种最为重要的社会经济地位；能力主义在社会经济地位的获得上的作用越来越大。改革后我国社会流动表现出与现代化相一致的普遍化趋势，意味着当代中国社会越来越趋于开放。

后危机时代中国治理模式提升的策略选择

以强政府为核心的中国治理模式成为支撑中国三十年转型奇迹的制度基石。成功应对全球经济危机再次验证了中国治理模式在面临市场化和全球化负面冲击时的治理有效性。在后危机时代,世界格局和国内环境的变化为中国治理模式的发展提供了历史契机。文章认为,提升中国治理模式,延续中国转型奇迹,有赖于三个方面的策略选择:重新定位政府角色,巩固与优化政府能力;构建社会规制型市场经济,提高本国经济发展的自主性和有效性;实施积极的社会经济政策,培育和谐的社会结构。