单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术与经通道显微镜双侧减压技术治疗退行性腰椎管狭窄症的临床研究

目的:探讨单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术(unilateral biportal endoscopic,UBE)与经通道显微镜双侧减压技术(microscopic bilateral decompression,MBD)治疗退行性腰椎管狭窄症(degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis,DLSS)的效果。方法:选取2020年1月-2022年12月在龙岩市第二医院脊柱手足踝外科治疗的80例DLSS患者作为研究对象,通过信封法随机分为UBE组(n=40,采取UBE实施手术治疗)和MBD组(n=40,采取MBD实施手术治疗)。观察两组患者的手术情况(手术时长、术后下床活动及住院时间),评估腰及下肢视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)、基于改良MacNab标准的临床疗效,并统计术后并发症情况。结果:UBE组手术时间、术后下床活动时间及住院时间均显著短于MBD组,且术后并发症发生率显著低于MBD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1个月、3个月,两组腰及下肢VAS评分与ODI指数相比术前均显著降低,且UBE组明显低于MBD组,UBE组优良率明显高于MBD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相较于MBD,UBE用于DLSS患者手术治疗可以充分对神经减压,同时减少软组织及骨性结构破坏,降低手术风险,高效缓解腰及下肢疼痛,促进腰椎功能恢复。

单侧双通道内镜与经通道显微镜减压技术治疗腰椎管狭窄症疗效比较

目的评价单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术和经通道显微镜双侧减压技术治疗腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析65例单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者的资料。行单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术治疗的患者为34例,行经通道显微镜双侧减压技术治疗的患者为31例。比较两组患者手术时间、术后下地活动时间及住院天数。根据术前、术后1月、3月及末次随访时疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(oswestry disability index,ODI)及改良MacNab标准评价临床疗效。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术且获得有效随访,随访时间6~12个月。两组患者术后1月、3月及末次随访时VAS、ODI评分随时间推移逐渐降低,且较术前均得到明显改善(P<0.05),但两组组间比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。末次随访时根据改良MacNab标准,单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术组优良率94.1%,经通道显微镜双侧减压技术组优良率90.3%,两种术式临床疗效无明显差异。单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术组手术时间、术后下地活动时间及住院天数均小于经通道显微镜双侧减压技术组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术具有视野清晰、操作灵活、适应症广泛、学习曲线低等优点,用于治疗腰椎管狭窄症可取得良好临床效果。

经通道下改良微创经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术(TLIF)治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

目的探讨经通道下改良微创TLIF与非通道下传统TLIF治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果。方法50例单节段腰椎间盘突出症伴节段不稳患者中，24例采用经通道下改良微创TLIF（改良微创组），26例采用传统TLIF（对照组），比较2组的术中出血量、术后引流量、手术时间、住院时间、住院费用、术前及术后腰、腿痛VAS评分、JOA评分及改善率。结果50例均获随访，时间6—12个月，末次随访时2组VAS和JOA评分较术前均明显改善，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。微创组术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、末次随访时腰痛VAS评分、JOA评分及改善率等方面均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论经通道下改良微创TLIF与非通道下传统TLIF治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症均可取得满意的临床疗效，前者具有创伤小、出血少、住院时间短、术后残留腰痛少、恢复快等优点。

转经通道安全评估研究

目前汽车保有量的激增与道路资源的紧缺之间的矛盾已越来越受到人们的关注。由于道路资源不可能无限制的开发,为了更加有效地利用道路资源,合理的进行路权分配,以避免部分出行方式出现高占用等浪费资源的行为出现,影响道路参与者的正常出行。尤其以民族宗教节日出行期间最为突出,大量的朝拜人群出行,使得平常的非机动车道以及步行路段的需求量急剧增加,因此针对民族宗教节日期间公众出行安全问题,本文以转经通道为例,对大昭寺、小昭寺以及布达拉宫的交通分配状况利用灰理想关联熵模型进行评价,旨在为拉萨市民族节日出行规划与交通管理提供决策参考。

单侧双通道脊柱内镜术与经通道显微镜双侧减压术治疗腰椎管狭窄症的效果比较

目的比较单侧双通道脊柱内镜与经通道显微镜双侧减压术治疗腰椎管狭窄症的临床效果。方法本研究为一项前瞻性研究。抽取新乡医学院第一附属医院2019年1月至2021年12月行手术治疗的272例单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者为研究对象,依据手术类型将行单侧双通道脊柱内镜术治疗的176例患者纳入A组,将行经通道显微镜双侧减压术治疗的96例患者纳入B组,两组患者均获得随访至术后3个月。统计两组围术期指标及手术并发症发生情况;比较两组术前及术后7 d、1个月、3个月时的疼痛程度[采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估];比较两组术前、术后3个月时腰椎后伸活动度、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)及运动耐量[采用6 min步行距离(6MWD)评估]。结果A组手术时间、术后首次下床活动时间、住院时间均短于B组,术中X线透视次数少于B组(P均<0.05)。A组手术并发症总发生率(26.14%,46/176)低于B组(40.63%,39/96),P<0.05。术后7 d、1个月、3个月,两组VAS评分逐渐降低,术后7 d时A组VAS评分低于B组(P<0.05);术后1、3个月时两组VAS评分比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月时两组ODI均较术前降低,腰椎后伸角度、6MWD均较术前增大,但A、B组间比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论单侧双通道脊柱内镜术和经通道显微镜双侧减压术均可减轻腰椎管狭窄症患者疼痛程度,改善腰椎功能及运动耐量,但单侧双通道脊柱内镜术中操作视野更清晰、手术时间更短、手术并发症发生率更低,术中X线透视次数更少,且能缩短患者术后首次下床活动时间及住院时间。

经通道辅助缝合系统微创手术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂疗效分析

目的探讨经通道辅助缝合系统微创手术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法纳入自2016-04—2018-04诊治的32例急性闭合性跟腱断裂,14例采用经通道辅助缝合系统微创手术治疗(微创组),18例行常规跟腱吻合修复手术治疗(常规组)。比较2组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、并发症发生率,以及术后3、12个月足踝功能AOFAS评分。结果32例均获得随访,随访时间平均21.7(12~36)个月。与常规组比较,微创组切口长度更短,手术时间缩短,术中出血量减少,住院时间也缩短,并发症发生率更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。微创组与常规组术后3、12个月足踝功能AOFAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经通道辅助缝合系统微创手术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂切口长度短、创伤小,能有效缩短手术时间及住院时间,减少术中出血量,降低术后并发症发生率。

从交通社会学的角度研究拉萨市林廓转经通道交通问题

交通社会活动是社会文明程度的客观标志之一,首先以科学的社会历史观阐述转经的由来和转经道的形成,进而分析了在现代文明冲击下的这一特殊社会现象——转经现状。并通过调查分析,结合交通社会学中的交通管理学、交通工程学、交通心理、交通文化等诸元素提出一些看法,文中的限时开放、转经专用道、人车协作的信号配时及标志诱导牌等力求通过"以人文本"的思想塑造和谐、安全、便捷的行人环境。

Pseudo channel:time embedding for motor imagery decoding

Motor imagery(MI)based electroencephalogram(EEG)represents a frontier in enabling direct neural control of external devices and advancing neural rehabilitation.This study introduces a novel time embedding technique,termed traveling-wave based time embedding,utilized as a pseudo channel to enhance the decoding accuracy of MI-EEG signals across various neural network architectures.Unlike traditional neural network methods that fail to account for the temporal dynamics in MI-EEG in individual difference,our approach captures time-related changes for different participants based on a priori knowledge.Through extensive experimentation with multiple participants,we demonstrate that this method not only improves classification accuracy but also exhibits greater adaptability to individual differences compared to position encoding used in Transformer architecture.Significantly,our results reveal that traveling-wave based time embedding crucially enhances decoding accuracy,particularly for participants typically considered“EEG-illiteracy”.As a novel direction in EEG research,the traveling-wave based time embedding not only offers fresh insights for neural network decoding strategies but also expands new avenues for research into attention mechanisms in neuroscience and a deeper understanding of EEG signals.

Infrasound Event Classification Fusion Model Based on Multiscale SE-CNN and BiLSTM

The classification of infrasound events has considerable importance in improving the capability to identify the types of natural disasters.The traditional infrasound classification mainly relies on machine learning algorithms after artificial feature extraction.However,guaranteeing the effectiveness of the extracted features is difficult.The current trend focuses on using a convolution neural network to automatically extract features for classification.This method can be used to extract signal spatial features automatically through a convolution kernel;however,infrasound signals contain not only spatial information but also temporal information when used as a time series.These extracted temporal features are also crucial.If only a convolution neural network is used,then the time dependence of the infrasound sequence will be missed.Using long short-term memory networks can compensate for the missing time-series features but induces spatial feature information loss of the infrasound signal.A multiscale squeeze excitation–convolution neural network–bidirectional long short-term memory network infrasound event classification fusion model is proposed in this study to address these problems.This model automatically extracted temporal and spatial features,adaptively selected features,and also realized the fusion of the two types of features.Experimental results showed that the classification accuracy of the model was more than 98%,thus verifying the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model.

Uniaxial compressive behavior of equal channel angular pressing Al at wide temperature and strain rate range

Uniaxial compressive experiments of ultrafine-grained Al fabricated by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) method were performed at wide temperature and strain rate range. The influence of temperature on flow stress, strain hardening rate and strain rate sensitivity was investigated experimentally. The results show that both the effect of temperature on flow stress and its strain rate sensitivity of ECAPed Al is much larger than those of the coarse-grained Al. The temperature sensitivity of ultrafine-grained Al is comparatively weaker than that of the coarse-grained Al. Based on the experimental results, the apparent activation volume was estimated at different temperatures and strain rates. The forest dislocation interactions is the dominant thermally activated mechanism for ECAPed Al compressed at quasi-static strain rates, while the viscous drag plays an important role at high strain rates.

Multi-channel neural signal stimulating module and in-vivo experiments

The module for function electrical stimulation （FES） of neurons is designed for the research of the neural function regeneration microelectronic system, which is an in-body embedded micro module. It is implemented by using discrete devices at first and characterized in vitro. The module is used to stimulate sciatic nerve and spinal cord of rats and rabbits for in-vivo real-time experiments of the neural function regeneration system. Based on the module, a four channel module for the FES of neurons is designed for 12 sites cuff electrode or 10 sites shaft electrode. Three animal experiments with total five rats and two rabbits were made. In the in-vivo experiment, the neural signals including spontaneous and imitated were regenerated by the module. The stimulating signal was used to drive sciatic nerve and spinal cord of rats and rabbits, successfully caused them twitch in different parts of their bodies, such as legs, tails, and fingers. This testifies that the neural function regeneration system can regenerate the neural signals.

Roles of TRESK,a novel two-pore domain K+channel,in pain pathway and general anesthesia

TRESK is the most recently reported two-pore domain K^＋ channel, and different from other two-pore domain channels in gene, molecular structure, electrophysiological and pharmacological properties. Although the current knowledge of this potassium channel is inadequate, researches have demonstrated that TRESK is remarkablely linked to acute and chronic pain by activation of calcineurin. The fact that TRESK is sensitive to volatile anesthetics and localization in central nerve system implies that TRESK may play a very important role in the mechanism mediating general anesthesia. The further research of TRESK may contribute to explore the underlying mechanism of some pathological conditions and yield novel treatments for some diseases.

Effects of Rhynchophylline on L type Calcium Channels in Isolated Rat Cortical Neurons During Acute Hypoxia

Aim: To study the effects of rhynchophylline (Rhy) on the L type calcium channels in freshly dissociated cortical neurons of Wistar rats during acute hypoxia. Methods: Cell attached configuration of patch clamp technique. L type calcium channel was activated by stepping from 40 mV to 0 mV. Results: The results showed that the L type calcium channels of cortical neurons were activated by acute hypoxia. The mean open time of the channel was increased, the mean close time decreased and the open state probability raised during acute hypoxia. Rhy (15 and 30μmol·L -1 ) in concentration dependent manner blocked activity of the channels. The drug shortened the mean open time of the channels from 8 87 ms to 3 03 ms and 2 23 ms ( P 【0 001), prolonged the mean close time from 9 23 ms to 38 84 ms and 54 43 ms ( P 【0 001), and decreased the open state probability from 0 142 to 0 031 and 0 025 ( P 【0 001) under the hypoxia condition, respectively. The effects of Rhy were similar to but weaker than those of verapamil (15 μmol·L -1 ). Conclusion: The study confirmed that Rhy has the blockade effects on L type calcium channels in cortical neurons of rats during hypoxia, by which it protects the brain from hypoxic injury.

藏本《通玄真经》音释考

《道藏》本《通玄真经》的释音有着很高的语料价值。藏本、宋本、铁华馆丛书本三个版本虽略有出入,实出同源。唐徐灵府《通玄真经》音注内容具有多样性特点。元杜道坚《通玄真经缵义》在音注方式上是对徐注的继承和改作,明显地带有自身的特点,但又非囿于吴地方音,反映了宋元时期以通语作注的一种类型。

Evoked membrane potential change in rat optic nerve fiber:Computer simulation

Objective The optic nerve is a key component regarding research on visual prosthesis.Previous pharmacological and electrical studies has pinned down the main features of the mechanisms underlying the nerve impulse in the rat optic nerve,and this work proposed a mathematical model to simulate these phenomena.Methods The main active nodal channels：fast Na^＋,persistent Na^,slow K^＋ and a fast repolarizing K^＋（A-current）were added on a double layer representation of the axon.A simplified representation of K^＋ accumulation and clearance in the vicinity of the Ranvier node was integrated in this model.Results The model was able to generate the following features.In the presence of 4-aminopyridine （4-AP）,spike duration increased and a depolarizing afterpotential（DAP）appeared.In the presence of 4-AP and tetraethylammonium（TEA）,the DAP was followed by a hyperpolarizing afterpotential（AHP）and the amplitude of this AHP increased with the frequency of the stimulation.In normal conditions（no drugs）：DAP and AHP were absent after a single action potential（AP）and a short train of AP;there was a relative refractoriness in amplitude lasting for 30 ms after an AP;an early AHP was revealed by a continuous depolarizing current;and there was a partial spike adaptation for a long current step stimulus.Conclusion The model successfully reproduced previous experiments results including long-lasting stimulation experiment,which is known to modify nerve physiological parameter values and is a key issue for visual prosthesis research.

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel subtypes differentially modulate the excitability of murine small intestinal afferents

AIM： To assess the role of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation （HCN） channels in regu- lating the excitability of vagal and spinal gut afferents. METHODS： The mechanosensory response of mesen- teric afferent activity was measured in an ex vivo murine jejunum preparation. HCN channel activity was recorded through voltage and current clamp in acutely dissoci- ated dorsal root ganglia （DRG） and nodose ganglia （NG） neurons retrogradely labeled from the small intestine through injection of a fluorescent marker （DiI）. The isoforms of HCN channels expressed in DRG and NG neurons were examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Ramp distension of the small intestine evok- ed biphasic increases in the afferent nerve activity, re- flecting the activation of low- and high-threshold fibers.HCN blocker CsCl （5 mmol/L） preferentially inhibited the responses of low-threshold fibers to distension and showed no significant effects on the high-threshold re- sponses. The effect of CsCI was mimicked by the more selective HCN blocker ZD7288 （10 ~mol/L）. In 71.4% of DiI labeled DRG neurons （/7 = 20） and 90.9% of DiI labeled NG neurons （n = 10）, an inward current （Ih current） was evoked by hyperpolarization pulses which was fully eliminated by extracellular CsCI. In neurons expressing Ih current, a typical ＂sag＂ was observed upon injection of hyperpolarizing current pulses in cur- rent-clamp recordings. CsCI abolished the sag entirely. In some DiI labeled DRG neurons, the Ih current was potentiated by 8-Br-cAMP, which had no effect on the Ih current of DiI labeled NG neurons. Immunohistochem- istry revealed differential expression of HCN isoforms in vagal and spinal afferents, and HCN2 and HCN3 seemed to be the dominant isoform in DRG and NG, respec- tively.CONCLUSION： HCNs differentially regulate the excit- ability of vagal and spinal afferent of murine small in- testine.

Tripartite Splitting Arbitrary 2-Qubit Quantum Information by Using Two Asymmetric W States

In this paper we propose a tripartite scheme for splitting an arbitrary 2-qubit quantum information by using two asymmetric W states as the quantum channel. In the schemem if the two recipients collaborate together, they can deterministically recover the quantum information by performing first a 4-qubit collective unitary operation and then two single-qubit unitary operations. In addition, since the asymmetric W states are employed as the quantum channel, the scheme is robust against decoherence.

Expression of three distinct families of calcium-activated chloride channel genes in the mouse dorsal root ganglion

Objective A calcium-activated chloride current （ICl（Ca）） has been observed in medium-sized sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion （DRG）. Axotomy of the sciatic nerve induces a similar current in the majority of medium and large diameter neurons. Our aim is to identify the molecule（s） underlying this current. Methods Using conventional and quantitative RT-PCR, we examined the expression in DRG of members of three families of genes, which have been shown to have latch） current inducing properties. Results We showed the detection of transcripts representing several members of these families, i.e. chloride channel calciumactivated （CLCA）, Bestrophin and Tweety gene families in adult DRG, in the normal state and 3 d after sciatic nerve section, a model for peripheral nerve injury. Conclusion Our analysis revealed that that mBestl and Tweety2 appear as the best candidates to play a role in the injury-induced Icl（Ca） in DRG neurons.

Analytical determination of flow resistance characteristic for combination channel inside hydraulic manifold block

Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)was used in conjunction with BP neural network to study theflow resistance characteristic of the combination-channel inside hydraulic manifold block(HMB).The in-put parameters of the combination-channel model were confirmed to have effect on the pressure-drop bythe numerical method,and a BP neural network model was accordingly constructed to predict the channelpressure-drops.The flow resistance characteristic curves of various channels were achieved,and a perfor-mance parameter was given to evaluate the through-flow characteristic of the channel according to thecurves.The predictions are' in agreement with the numerical computation,indicating that the method canbe utilized to accurately determine the flow characteristic of the combination channel with high efficiency.

Pathologic pancreatic endocrine cell hyperplasia

Pathologic hyperplasia of various pancreatic endocrine cells is rare but has been long known.β cell hyperplasia contributes to persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy,which is commonly caused by mutations in the islet ATP-sensitive potassium channel,and to noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia in adults,which may or may not be associated with bariatric surgery.α cell hyperplasia may cause glucagonoma syndrome or induce pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.An inactivating mutation of the glucagon receptor causes α cell hyperplasia and asymptomatic hyperglucagonemia.Pancreatic polypeptide cell hyperplasia has been described without a clearly-characterized clinical syndrome and hyperplasia of other endocrine cells inside the pancreas has not been reported to our knowledge. Based on morphological evidence,the main pathogenetic mechanism for pancreatic endocrine cell hyperplasia is increased endocrine cell neogenesis from exocrine ductal epithelium.Pancreatic endocrine cell hyperplasia should be considered in the diagnosis and management of hypoglycemia,elevated islet hormone levels,and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.Further studies of pathologic pancreatic endocrine cell hyperplasia will likely yield insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.