早产儿早期经验性应用抗生素对其肠道菌群的近期影响分析

目的分析早产儿早期经验性应用抗生素对其肠道菌群的近期影响。方法以2018年9月~2019年10月收治的136例早产儿作为观察对象,将全部早产儿分为观察组与对照组两组,观察组(n=68)均给予哌拉西林他唑巴坦,连续使用超过7 d,对照组(n=68)早产儿7 d内未用抗生素,比较两组早产儿肠菌群含量和用药前后早产儿细菌种属构成比。结果肠道杆菌含量比较,用药后双岐杆菌属细菌含量降低,肠杆菌属细菌、肠球菌属细菌和消化链球菌属细菌含量升高,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);用药前后早产儿肠道细菌种属对比,除乳杆菌外,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对早产儿早期经验性使用抗生素,可改善其临床状况,提高其生存质量,不同类型抗生素使用效果不同,在一定程度上影响其他菌群稳定性。

临床药师对普外科医师经验性应用抗菌药物的干预研究

目的:探讨临床药师对普外科医师经验性应用抗菌药物的干预效果。方法:将我院2009年9月-2010年2月普外科213例患者分为干预组和非干预组(干预组119例、非干预组94例),对应用抗菌药物品种、时间、费用、联合用药等情况进行对比分析。结果:平均抗菌药物品种数、人均抗菌药物费用、人均抗菌药物应用时间干预组与非干预组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);人均住院总费用、人均药费、人均住院时间干预组与非干预组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与非干预组比较,干预组抗菌药物联用率下降了43.08%,抗菌药物经验性合理应用率提高了53.60%;围术期药物选择、给药时机、术后用药、用法用量、联合用药、更换药物不合理比例分别下降了53.03%、41.90%、49.97%、28.70%、20.51%、13.44%。结论:通过临床药师提供有效的宣教和干预,可明显提高抗菌药物经验性应用的合理率。

经验性抗生素治疗呼吸机相关性肺炎的临床意义

呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）是机械通气（MV）过程中常见的严重并发症，可导致脓毒症、多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）等严重情况，此时准确的经验性抗生素应用在需要MV危重症患者的治疗过程中就显得十分重要，它能明显降低VAP发生率及严重程度，改善患者预后，是危重症治疗中的重要组成部分。经验用药的准确性建立在对社区及院内菌种分布充分了解的基础上，同时受到抗生素应用史、

Control Experimental Study on the Application of Acupuncture Therapy to the Treatment of Peripheral Facial Neuritis in Acute Phase and Its Nursing

Objective： This study aimed to prove acupuncture therapy exerted an obvious clinical efficacy in the treatment of peripheral facial neuritis in acute phase. Methods： 60 clinically collected cases were chosen in the study and randomly divided into control group and treatment group. In control group, dexamethasone, vitamin B, vitamin B 12, and mecobalamine were applied in acute phase, and then acupuncture therapy was combined in remission. In treatment group, western medicine combining with acupuncture therapy was used in acute phase, and three courses of treatment were totally applied. Results： The final conditions of two groups were good, and the grouping was balanced, so the comparability between them was good （P〉0.05）; the curative effects of two groups were significantly different： the effect of treatment group was better than that of control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： The acute phase was necessarily grasped to apply acupuncture therapy to the treatment of peripheral facial neuritis, and the curative effect would be more significant if acupuncture therapy was more early used.