Objective:To explore the peculiarities of kidney transplantation in elderly patients and define the perioperative managements. Methods: The clinical data of kidney transplantation in 29 patients older than 65years wer...Objective:To explore the peculiarities of kidney transplantation in elderly patients and define the perioperative managements. Methods: The clinical data of kidney transplantation in 29 patients older than 65years were reviewed, the eldest being 84 years old and the mean age 68. 1 years. Results: Four episodes of acute rejection (13. 80%) were encountered. FK506 toxicity occurred in one case (3.40%) and lung infection in another (3.40%), who (along with the former 4 patients) all were cured subsequently. In one case, the kidney graft was removed for thrombogenesis of the renal artery. The 1- and 3-year patients/grafts survival of 100% and 96.5% respectively was achieved, with the longest survival exceeding 5 years. Conclusions:Old age was not the absolute contraindication for kidney transplantation. Strict observance of the indications of kidney transplantation and donor selection with well-matched tissue-typing are crucial in elderly patients.Adequate application of immunosuppressants and effective long-term follow-up are also major factors for long-term allograft survival.展开更多
Objective To study the performance of free nerve graft with vascular implantation Material and method Three groups of rats were used A 10 mm nerve defect was made in the sciat...Objective To study the performance of free nerve graft with vascular implantation Material and method Three groups of rats were used A 10 mm nerve defect was made in the sciatic nerve It was repaired respectively with vascularised nerve graft(VNG), free nerve graft with vascular implantation(NGV) or free nerve graft(NG) Before 30 days the revascularisation of the nerve graft was assessed;at 2 to 3 month regeneration of nerve was evaluated Histochemical staining, vascular morphology and electrophysiological examination were undertaken Result and conclusion The number of regenerated blood vessels in VNG and NGV was significantly increased than that in NG before 30 days The ratio of regenerated nerve fiber area and conduction velocity in the first two groups were much better than those in NG at 2 to 3 months展开更多
Chinese character teaching with a long history has rich experience. Teaching Chinese characters is popular all over the world, so Chinese character teaching experience at home should be made good use of and transplant...Chinese character teaching with a long history has rich experience. Teaching Chinese characters is popular all over the world, so Chinese character teaching experience at home should be made good use of and transplanted. Thus, we must first lay a good foundation of spoken Chinese to learn Chinese characters. Spoken language takes the lead, followed by literacy. At the beginning of teaching Chinese characters, we should focus on literacy, and implement in teaching materials and in classroom. Teaching should be paid attention to dispersing the difficulties, which should be progressively possessed step by step, with appropriate burden. We should take full advantage of the features of Chinese characters for teaching. From the reality of students, teaching arrangement is made. We should train teachers, and design teaching plans at different levels by judicious use of modem teaching methods. In the teaching materials, the amount of recognized characters is arranged, so that students can learn to read around 1,500 Chinese characters. We should select the species of new characters and arrange the order of emergence. We should teach students to use Pinyin, who should lay an emphasis on four bases. We should pay attention to vocabulary teaching and arrange proper training in writing. During classroom teaching, we should do a good job in： unified glyph, pronunciation, and meaning, and dominated with glyph; links among characters, words, and sentences, mainly based on characters; combination of reading and writing and dominated with reading; dual-purpose of using remembering, comparison, and speaking, mainly based on remembering.展开更多
文摘Objective:To explore the peculiarities of kidney transplantation in elderly patients and define the perioperative managements. Methods: The clinical data of kidney transplantation in 29 patients older than 65years were reviewed, the eldest being 84 years old and the mean age 68. 1 years. Results: Four episodes of acute rejection (13. 80%) were encountered. FK506 toxicity occurred in one case (3.40%) and lung infection in another (3.40%), who (along with the former 4 patients) all were cured subsequently. In one case, the kidney graft was removed for thrombogenesis of the renal artery. The 1- and 3-year patients/grafts survival of 100% and 96.5% respectively was achieved, with the longest survival exceeding 5 years. Conclusions:Old age was not the absolute contraindication for kidney transplantation. Strict observance of the indications of kidney transplantation and donor selection with well-matched tissue-typing are crucial in elderly patients.Adequate application of immunosuppressants and effective long-term follow-up are also major factors for long-term allograft survival.
文摘Objective To study the performance of free nerve graft with vascular implantation Material and method Three groups of rats were used A 10 mm nerve defect was made in the sciatic nerve It was repaired respectively with vascularised nerve graft(VNG), free nerve graft with vascular implantation(NGV) or free nerve graft(NG) Before 30 days the revascularisation of the nerve graft was assessed;at 2 to 3 month regeneration of nerve was evaluated Histochemical staining, vascular morphology and electrophysiological examination were undertaken Result and conclusion The number of regenerated blood vessels in VNG and NGV was significantly increased than that in NG before 30 days The ratio of regenerated nerve fiber area and conduction velocity in the first two groups were much better than those in NG at 2 to 3 months
文摘Chinese character teaching with a long history has rich experience. Teaching Chinese characters is popular all over the world, so Chinese character teaching experience at home should be made good use of and transplanted. Thus, we must first lay a good foundation of spoken Chinese to learn Chinese characters. Spoken language takes the lead, followed by literacy. At the beginning of teaching Chinese characters, we should focus on literacy, and implement in teaching materials and in classroom. Teaching should be paid attention to dispersing the difficulties, which should be progressively possessed step by step, with appropriate burden. We should take full advantage of the features of Chinese characters for teaching. From the reality of students, teaching arrangement is made. We should train teachers, and design teaching plans at different levels by judicious use of modem teaching methods. In the teaching materials, the amount of recognized characters is arranged, so that students can learn to read around 1,500 Chinese characters. We should select the species of new characters and arrange the order of emergence. We should teach students to use Pinyin, who should lay an emphasis on four bases. We should pay attention to vocabulary teaching and arrange proper training in writing. During classroom teaching, we should do a good job in： unified glyph, pronunciation, and meaning, and dominated with glyph; links among characters, words, and sentences, mainly based on characters; combination of reading and writing and dominated with reading; dual-purpose of using remembering, comparison, and speaking, mainly based on remembering.
