高等教育系统学术权力异化逻辑可能、经验表现与解决对策--基于布尔迪厄场域理论的视角

布尔迪厄场域理论提供了学术权力运行分析的有效视角。以此为基础分析高等教育系统学术权力发现,高等教育系统学术权力在逻辑上存在着异化的可能性,而在现实的学术行为中也存在着一定的学术权力异化表现。高等教育系统学术权力异化的逻辑可能和经验表现主要存在于自主性“不适度”导致学术权力生态场域破坏;利益主导导致学术行为“权力寻租”和竞争策略失范导致学术权力行为扭曲三个方面。解决学术权力异化要做到:以反思性保持学术权力运行的客观性和规律性,增强学术权力对外来场域渗透的选择性和自主性,确立“知识处理”对利益诉求的优先性,降低学术资本的继承性和形式性。

定语从句中“过2”与シタコトガアル的对应情况考察——基于对中日对译语料库数据的统计

本文利用《中日对译语料库》里的例句针对定语从句中“过2”的日译现象进行了统计,发现“过2”被翻译成日语时一般有四种情况:1) 翻译成シタコトガアル;2) 翻译成スル/シタ;3) 翻译成シテイル/シテイタ;4) 不译,其中第一种情况所占的比例仅有24%左右,且在这些例句当中90%左右的例句都是否定句。与此相对,定语从句中的シタコトガアル被翻译成中文时,被翻译成“过2”的比例占到了67.3%。从这些数据中可以发现,定语从句中的“过2”与シタコトガアル之间存在着较大的差异。为了搞清楚这种差异产生的原因以及对差异的产生造成影响的因素,本文对收集到的例句进行了分类整理和分析,得出了以下几个结果:首先,造成差异的最根本的原因是两种语言对“经验”的捕捉不同;其次,对差异的产生造成影响的主要因素是动词和时间词。

Preliminary validation of SMOS sea surface salinity measurements in the South China Sea

The SMOS(soil moisture and ocean salinity) mission undertaken by the European Space Agency(ESA) has provided sea surface salinity(SSS) measurements at global scale since 2009.Validation of SSS values retrieved from SMOS data has been done globally and regionally.However,the accuracy of SSS measurements by SMOS in the China seas has not been examined in detail.In this study,we compared retrieved SSS values from SMOS data with in situ measurements from a South China Sea(SCS) expedition during autumn 2011.The comparison shows that the retrieved SSS values using ascending pass data have much better agreement with in situ measurements than the result derived from descending pass data.Accuracy in terms of bias and root mean square error(RMS) of the SSS retrieved using three different sea surface roughness models is very consistent,regardless of ascending or descending orbits.When ascending and descending measurements are combined for comparison,the retrieved SSS using a semi-empirical model shows the best agreement with in situ measurements,with bias-0.33 practical salinity units and RMS 0.74.We also investigated the impact of environmental conditions of sea surface wind and sea surface temperature on accuracy of the retrieved SSS.The SCS is a semi-closed basin where radio frequencies transmitted from the mainland strongly interfere with SMOS measurements.Therefore,accuracy of retrieved SSS shows a relationship with distance between the validation sites and land.

A Refined Formula for the Allowable Soil Pressure Using Shear Wave Velocities

Based on a variety of case histories of site investigations, including extensive bore hole data, laboratory testing and geophysical prospecting at more than 550 construction sites, an empirical formulation is proposed for the rapid determination of allowable bearing pressure of shallow foundations in soils and rocks. The proposed expression corroborates consistently with the results of the classical theory and is proven to be rapid, and reliable. Plate load tests have been also carried out at three different sites, in order to further confirm the validity of the proposed method. It consists of only two soil parameters, namely, the in situ measured shear wave velocity and the unit weight. The unit weight may be also determined with sufficient accuracy, by means of other empirical expressions proposed, using P or S -- wave velocities. It is indicated that once the shear and P-wave velocities are measured in situ by an appropriate geophysical survey, the allowable bearing pressure as well as the coefficient of subgrade reaction and many other elasticity parameters may be determined rapidly and reliably.

Discussion of the importance of the stage art practice in the vocal music teaching

As a special art of the music performances, the vocal music is different from the philosophy and the social sciences, which is reflected not through the theoretical explanation or the theoretical researches, but should reflect the connotation of its own through the form of manifestation of the specific voices. At present, in the vocal music teaching in our country, different teachcrs will carry out the explanation combined with the related theoretical knowledgc and their own experience in the vocal music teaching. In the theoretical teaching, often they will use the related Irainlng methods, and the application of the training methods fully shows the quality of the teaching work, which will often under the influence of the stage art practice. The theoretical teaching is only to impart the theoretical knowledge of the vocal music to the students, but in the aspect of the specific practice, wc will need the support of the stage art practice. In this paper, with the importance of the stage art practice in the vocal music teaching as the research object, based on the analysis of the present situation ofthc vocal music teaching, this paper discusscs the relationship bctween thc stage art practice and the vocal music teaching, and the specific application of the stage practice in the vocal music teaching, and analyzes the importance of the stage art practice in the vocal music teaching, in order to promote the application of the stage art practice in the teaching of the vocal music art, and improve the levels of the vocal music teaching in China.

美工区操作活动中,幼儿有益经验的获得——以大班美工区活动《拥抱冬天》为例

美工区是以个别化学习为主的美术活动形式,幼儿需要借助材料,通过亲身体验获得直接经验,体验美术活动的乐趣,获得美术审美经验和美术创作经验。

回应林贝克和普劳德福特对施莱尔马赫的神学所做的经典批判

本文依据对施莱尔马赫的文本所做的精细解读和分析,回应了林贝克和普劳德福特对施莱尔马赫的神学所做的经典批判,论证它是不恰当的,并考量了他们自己所持的观点,指出这些批判存在着诸多缺陷,并不比施莱尔马赫的主张高明。