AIM： To study the relationship between the expression of human chorionic gonadotropin （HCG）, CD44v6, CD44v4/5 and the infiltration, metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS： By labeled streptavidi...AIM： To study the relationship between the expression of human chorionic gonadotropin （HCG）, CD44v6, CD44v4/5 and the infiltration, metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS： By labeled streptavidin-biotin technique, the expressions of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in 42 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were examined. RESULTS： The positive rate of HCG expression in patients with lymph node metastasis was 85.71% （18/21）, higher than that （57.14%, 12/21） in those without lymph node metastasis （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of CD44v6 expression was 71.43% （15/21） in lymph node metastasis group, and 38.09% （8/21） in nonmetastasis group; there was a significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression was 76.19% （16/21） in lymph node metastasis group, and 42.86% （9/21） in non-metastasis group; there was also a significant difference between them （P〈0.05）. From grade Ⅰ to grade Ⅲ in differentiation, the positive rate of HCG expression was 84.62% （11/13）, 70.59% （12/17） and 58.33% （7/12）, respectively, there was no significant difference among them （P〉0.05）. The positive rate of CD44v6 expression in grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ of cancer tissues was 76.92% （10/13）, 52.94% （9/17）, and 33.33% （4/12） respectively; there was no significant difference among them. The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression in grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ of cancer tissues was 69.23% （9/13）, 64.71% （11/17）, and 41.67% （5/12） respectively; there was no significant difference among the three groups. There was no correlation between the positive rates of HCG and CD44v6, CD44v4/5 expression. Cancer cells in carcinomatous emboli and those infiltrating into vascular wall strongly expressed HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5. CONCLUSION： Expression of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is related to its infiltration and metastasis. HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 have different effects on the infiltration and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.展开更多
We report a case of gastric choriocarcinoma admixed with an α-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing adeno-carcinoma. A 70-year-old man was hospitalized for gastric cancer that was detected during screening by esophagogastroduo...We report a case of gastric choriocarcinoma admixed with an α-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing adeno-carcinoma. A 70-year-old man was hospitalized for gastric cancer that was detected during screening by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Initial laboratory data showed the increased serum level of AFP and EGD revealed a 5-cm ulcerofungating mass in the greater curvature of the gastric antrum. The patient underwent radical subtotal gastrectomywith D2 lymph node dissection and Billroth gastrojejunostomy. Histopathological evaluation confirmed double primary gastric cancer: gastric choriocarcinoma admixed with an AFP-producing adenocarcinoma and separated adenocarcinoma. At 2 wk postoperatively, his human chorionic gonadotropin and AFP levels had reduced and six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy were initiated. No recurrence or distant metastasis was observed at 4 years postoperatively.展开更多
Objective:To determine whether maternal β-human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG) level in second-trimester may be associated with subsequent development of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods:Seven hundred and ...Objective:To determine whether maternal β-human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG) level in second-trimester may be associated with subsequent development of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods:Seven hundred and sixty-two women in mid-trimester were to have maternal urine β-hCG standardized concentrations and maternal serum β-hCG measurements.Their case histories were recorded and reviewed from mid-trimester to delivery.The relation was observed between maternal urine,serum markers and subsequent development of PIH.Results:Among 762 women,504 cases were normal pregnancies,42 cases had PIH,94 cases had premature rupture of membrane (PROM),69 cases had preterm delivery (PD),53 other cases were excluded by various reasons.The levels of maternal urine,serum β-hCG in PIH were (61.75±9.78) IU/L and (304.56±54.17) ng/mg respectively,which were higher significantly than normal pregnancy group ([20.65±7.61] IU/L and [146.34±47.81] ng/mg,P<0.05).When maternal serum,urine β-hCG levels ≥2 MOM(multiple of mean),the incidences of developing PIH were increased significantly as compared with those of β-hCG <2 MOM women.The incidence of PIH increased from 5.1% in pregnancies with urine β-hCG ≥2 MOM to 11.7% in cases with urine β-hCG ≥4 MOM.Conclusion:The elevation of maternal mid-trimester urine,serum β-hCG levels is not only an early signal for dysfunction of placenta but also a dangerous signal for development of PIH.Second-trimester maternal urine β-hCG measurement proves to be superior to serum marker in clinical prediction.展开更多
One of the most recent techniques for the diagnosis of EP （early pregnancy） in cattle on the farm is B-mode ultrasonography. Under field conditions, acceptable results may be achieved with ultrasonography from days ...One of the most recent techniques for the diagnosis of EP （early pregnancy） in cattle on the farm is B-mode ultrasonography. Under field conditions, acceptable results may be achieved with ultrasonography from days 25 to 30 post-AI. The reliability of the test greatly depends on the frequency of the transducer used, the skill of the examiner, the criterion used for a positive PD （pregnancy diagnosis） and the position of the uterus in the pelvic inlet. Pregnancy protein assays （PAG, PSPB） may provide an alternative method to ultrasonography for determining EP or LEM/EFM （late embryonic/early foetal mortality） in the cow. Although early pregnancy factor is the earliest specific indicator for fertilization, its detection is entirely dependend on the use of the RIT （rosette inhibition test）, therefore its use in the field needs further inventions. Preventive pharmaceutical treatments with hCG （human chorionic gonadotropin）, GnRH （gonadotropin realising hormone）, PRID （progesterone-releasing intravaginal device） or CIDR （controlled internal drug release） inserts at different time periods at or post-AI may have some benefit in decreasing PL （pregnancy loss）, however further examinations are warranted to determine how and when these treatments may influence PL in the field.展开更多
Objective. To evaluate the surgery in simple ovarian cysts.Methods. From Jan.1994 to Dec.1999, 221 women with simple ovarian cysts were admitted into our hospital. The diameter of cysts was <5 cm in 76 cases, and w...Objective. To evaluate the surgery in simple ovarian cysts.Methods. From Jan.1994 to Dec.1999, 221 women with simple ovarian cysts were admitted into our hospital. The diameter of cysts was <5 cm in 76 cases, and was>5 cm in 145 cases ultrasonically. One hundred and eighty-four patients underwent laparosocopy, and thirty-seven underwent laparotomy.Results. Histological findings showed no malignancy in this series. Simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum were found histologically in 90.8% of cases with cysts <5 cm, and 60% of those with cysts >1 cm respectively, their difference was significant (x2=37.13, P<0.001). The simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum cysts were found in 81.5% of postmenopausal women and 84.0% of pre-menopausal women.Conclusion. Patients with cysts >1 cm are indicated for surgical procedures, while a period of fol-lowup is acceptable for patients with cysts <7 cm, and surgery is advisable if the cyst is persistent during followup. Postmenopausal women with cysts should have operations.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the impact of the diameter of SonoVue microbubbles on binding characteristics, including the adhesion rate and stability, of a new contrast agent targeted to choriocarcinoma cells(JARs) in vitro,...Objective:To evaluate the impact of the diameter of SonoVue microbubbles on binding characteristics, including the adhesion rate and stability, of a new contrast agent targeted to choriocarcinoma cells(JARs) in vitro, in order to establish a foundation to explore targeted ultrasound imaging for localization of tumor cell antigens and increase the early diagnostic rate for tumors.Methods:The objects were divided into three groups:the large microbubble group(n = 15), the middling microbubble group(n = 15) and the tiny microbubble group(n = 15).The rosette formation rate was counted.JARs were calculated by flow cytometry(FCM).The targeted contrast agent was prepared by mixing SonoVue microbubbles of different diam-eter with rabbit anti-human chorionic gonadotrophin(HCG) antibody.The binding rates of the targeted contrast agent to JARs before and after PBS rinse were analyzed.Results:The binding rate was significantly lower in the large microbubble group(61.7 ± 1.8)% than in the middling microbubble group(82.6 ± 4.5)% and the tiny microbubble group(91.3 ± 5.8)%(P < 0.05).The binding rates of different diameter microbubbles to JARs before and after PBS rinse were different.The middling microbubbles were the most stable ones, with the binding rate of(82.3 ± 4.5)% and(80.4 ± 3.9)% before and after PBS rinse(P > 0.05).The binding rates of the targeted microbubbles labeled with fluorescence to JARs were 68.6%, 81.3% and 89.3% in the large microbubble group, the middling microbubble group and the tiny microbubble group, respectively(P < 0.05).Conclu-sion:The binding capacity of the targeted SonoVue microbubbles to JARs is related to the diameter of the microbubble, which is determined by the shaking method before preparation.Modulating the diameter of SonoVue microbubbles may increase the binding rate and stability of targeted microbubbles to JARs, thus to improve the image of JARs.展开更多
Snail eater pangasius （Pangasius conchophilus） is a freshwater fish species indigenous to Mekong-Chaophraya Basin, and is an economic fish in Thailand. This paper reviews some Thai research papers for referable bene...Snail eater pangasius （Pangasius conchophilus） is a freshwater fish species indigenous to Mekong-Chaophraya Basin, and is an economic fish in Thailand. This paper reviews some Thai research papers for referable benefit of international countries. The relationships of fecundity with body length and weight of wild population are related （F = 0.54L3339, F = 435.41W^S399）. Length-weight relationships of both sexes are W = 0.0059L3044s. Sex ratio is 1：1 and spawning season starts during March to June, the egg is adhesive demersal. Average mature size of both sexes are from 40-60 cm TL and 1,100-2,900 g. Effect of 3 types of hormone on induced ovulation, including HCG, pituitary gland, and buserelin in combination with domperidone are not signiticantly different （P 〉 0.05）. Hatching occurs in 24-25 hours after fertilization. The hatching percentage is 80%. Nursing and feeding strategies are also reviewed in this paper.展开更多
Seperation and purifitation of human chorionic gonadotropion (HCG) in theurine sample of early pregnant women by D3520 resin adsorption chromatographyis repaied. The crude product obtained by DEAE - Cellulose 23 and ...Seperation and purifitation of human chorionic gonadotropion (HCG) in theurine sample of early pregnant women by D3520 resin adsorption chromatographyis repaied. The crude product obtained by DEAE - Cellulose 23 and DEAE Sephadex A50 column chromatography showed a high activity of HCG. Furtherpurifikation of the sample by gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G75 column gives a final preparation of 6000～ 6500 IU/mg. The preparation meets therequiTements of the pyrogn test in Chinese Law of Pharmacopoeia.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Soothing liver therapy on infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)and to explore its mechanism.METHODS:Fifty-eight women with tubal infertili...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Soothing liver therapy on infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)and to explore its mechanism.METHODS:Fifty-eight women with tubal infertility were randomized into two groups:30 in an experimental group treated with Xiaoyao powder(Shugan)plus gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog(GnRHa)/follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)/human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)and 28 in the control group who were treated with GnRHa/FSH/hCG only.The total gonadotropin(Gn)doses required,endometrial thickness,oocyte numbers,high quality embryo production rate and pregnancy rate of the two groups were compared.The concentration of growth differentiation factor-9(GDF-9)in follicular fluid was detected by western blotting and the expression of GDF-9 mRNA in granulosa cells was measured using reverse tran-scription-polymerase chain reaction amplification.RESULTS:In the experimental group,the Gn dose was significantly lower than that in the control group;the endometrial thickness,high quality embryo production and pregnancy rates were significantly higher and the expression of GDF-9 mRNA was also significantly higher than in the control group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Shugan treatment can improve the pregnancy rate of women with tubal infertility;its mechanism is possibly related to the increased expression of GDF-9 in granulosa cells.展开更多
文摘AIM： To study the relationship between the expression of human chorionic gonadotropin （HCG）, CD44v6, CD44v4/5 and the infiltration, metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS： By labeled streptavidin-biotin technique, the expressions of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in 42 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were examined. RESULTS： The positive rate of HCG expression in patients with lymph node metastasis was 85.71% （18/21）, higher than that （57.14%, 12/21） in those without lymph node metastasis （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of CD44v6 expression was 71.43% （15/21） in lymph node metastasis group, and 38.09% （8/21） in nonmetastasis group; there was a significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression was 76.19% （16/21） in lymph node metastasis group, and 42.86% （9/21） in non-metastasis group; there was also a significant difference between them （P〈0.05）. From grade Ⅰ to grade Ⅲ in differentiation, the positive rate of HCG expression was 84.62% （11/13）, 70.59% （12/17） and 58.33% （7/12）, respectively, there was no significant difference among them （P〉0.05）. The positive rate of CD44v6 expression in grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ of cancer tissues was 76.92% （10/13）, 52.94% （9/17）, and 33.33% （4/12） respectively; there was no significant difference among them. The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression in grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ of cancer tissues was 69.23% （9/13）, 64.71% （11/17）, and 41.67% （5/12） respectively; there was no significant difference among the three groups. There was no correlation between the positive rates of HCG and CD44v6, CD44v4/5 expression. Cancer cells in carcinomatous emboli and those infiltrating into vascular wall strongly expressed HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5. CONCLUSION： Expression of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is related to its infiltration and metastasis. HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 have different effects on the infiltration and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
文摘We report a case of gastric choriocarcinoma admixed with an α-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing adeno-carcinoma. A 70-year-old man was hospitalized for gastric cancer that was detected during screening by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Initial laboratory data showed the increased serum level of AFP and EGD revealed a 5-cm ulcerofungating mass in the greater curvature of the gastric antrum. The patient underwent radical subtotal gastrectomywith D2 lymph node dissection and Billroth gastrojejunostomy. Histopathological evaluation confirmed double primary gastric cancer: gastric choriocarcinoma admixed with an AFP-producing adenocarcinoma and separated adenocarcinoma. At 2 wk postoperatively, his human chorionic gonadotropin and AFP levels had reduced and six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy were initiated. No recurrence or distant metastasis was observed at 4 years postoperatively.
文摘Objective:To determine whether maternal β-human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG) level in second-trimester may be associated with subsequent development of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods:Seven hundred and sixty-two women in mid-trimester were to have maternal urine β-hCG standardized concentrations and maternal serum β-hCG measurements.Their case histories were recorded and reviewed from mid-trimester to delivery.The relation was observed between maternal urine,serum markers and subsequent development of PIH.Results:Among 762 women,504 cases were normal pregnancies,42 cases had PIH,94 cases had premature rupture of membrane (PROM),69 cases had preterm delivery (PD),53 other cases were excluded by various reasons.The levels of maternal urine,serum β-hCG in PIH were (61.75±9.78) IU/L and (304.56±54.17) ng/mg respectively,which were higher significantly than normal pregnancy group ([20.65±7.61] IU/L and [146.34±47.81] ng/mg,P<0.05).When maternal serum,urine β-hCG levels ≥2 MOM(multiple of mean),the incidences of developing PIH were increased significantly as compared with those of β-hCG <2 MOM women.The incidence of PIH increased from 5.1% in pregnancies with urine β-hCG ≥2 MOM to 11.7% in cases with urine β-hCG ≥4 MOM.Conclusion:The elevation of maternal mid-trimester urine,serum β-hCG levels is not only an early signal for dysfunction of placenta but also a dangerous signal for development of PIH.Second-trimester maternal urine β-hCG measurement proves to be superior to serum marker in clinical prediction.
文摘One of the most recent techniques for the diagnosis of EP （early pregnancy） in cattle on the farm is B-mode ultrasonography. Under field conditions, acceptable results may be achieved with ultrasonography from days 25 to 30 post-AI. The reliability of the test greatly depends on the frequency of the transducer used, the skill of the examiner, the criterion used for a positive PD （pregnancy diagnosis） and the position of the uterus in the pelvic inlet. Pregnancy protein assays （PAG, PSPB） may provide an alternative method to ultrasonography for determining EP or LEM/EFM （late embryonic/early foetal mortality） in the cow. Although early pregnancy factor is the earliest specific indicator for fertilization, its detection is entirely dependend on the use of the RIT （rosette inhibition test）, therefore its use in the field needs further inventions. Preventive pharmaceutical treatments with hCG （human chorionic gonadotropin）, GnRH （gonadotropin realising hormone）, PRID （progesterone-releasing intravaginal device） or CIDR （controlled internal drug release） inserts at different time periods at or post-AI may have some benefit in decreasing PL （pregnancy loss）, however further examinations are warranted to determine how and when these treatments may influence PL in the field.
文摘Objective. To evaluate the surgery in simple ovarian cysts.Methods. From Jan.1994 to Dec.1999, 221 women with simple ovarian cysts were admitted into our hospital. The diameter of cysts was <5 cm in 76 cases, and was>5 cm in 145 cases ultrasonically. One hundred and eighty-four patients underwent laparosocopy, and thirty-seven underwent laparotomy.Results. Histological findings showed no malignancy in this series. Simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum were found histologically in 90.8% of cases with cysts <5 cm, and 60% of those with cysts >1 cm respectively, their difference was significant (x2=37.13, P<0.001). The simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum cysts were found in 81.5% of postmenopausal women and 84.0% of pre-menopausal women.Conclusion. Patients with cysts >1 cm are indicated for surgical procedures, while a period of fol-lowup is acceptable for patients with cysts <7 cm, and surgery is advisable if the cyst is persistent during followup. Postmenopausal women with cysts should have operations.
基金Supported by a grant from Sci-Tech Program Foundation of GuangdongProvince (No. 2006B35901009).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the impact of the diameter of SonoVue microbubbles on binding characteristics, including the adhesion rate and stability, of a new contrast agent targeted to choriocarcinoma cells(JARs) in vitro, in order to establish a foundation to explore targeted ultrasound imaging for localization of tumor cell antigens and increase the early diagnostic rate for tumors.Methods:The objects were divided into three groups:the large microbubble group(n = 15), the middling microbubble group(n = 15) and the tiny microbubble group(n = 15).The rosette formation rate was counted.JARs were calculated by flow cytometry(FCM).The targeted contrast agent was prepared by mixing SonoVue microbubbles of different diam-eter with rabbit anti-human chorionic gonadotrophin(HCG) antibody.The binding rates of the targeted contrast agent to JARs before and after PBS rinse were analyzed.Results:The binding rate was significantly lower in the large microbubble group(61.7 ± 1.8)% than in the middling microbubble group(82.6 ± 4.5)% and the tiny microbubble group(91.3 ± 5.8)%(P < 0.05).The binding rates of different diameter microbubbles to JARs before and after PBS rinse were different.The middling microbubbles were the most stable ones, with the binding rate of(82.3 ± 4.5)% and(80.4 ± 3.9)% before and after PBS rinse(P > 0.05).The binding rates of the targeted microbubbles labeled with fluorescence to JARs were 68.6%, 81.3% and 89.3% in the large microbubble group, the middling microbubble group and the tiny microbubble group, respectively(P < 0.05).Conclu-sion:The binding capacity of the targeted SonoVue microbubbles to JARs is related to the diameter of the microbubble, which is determined by the shaking method before preparation.Modulating the diameter of SonoVue microbubbles may increase the binding rate and stability of targeted microbubbles to JARs, thus to improve the image of JARs.
文摘Snail eater pangasius （Pangasius conchophilus） is a freshwater fish species indigenous to Mekong-Chaophraya Basin, and is an economic fish in Thailand. This paper reviews some Thai research papers for referable benefit of international countries. The relationships of fecundity with body length and weight of wild population are related （F = 0.54L3339, F = 435.41W^S399）. Length-weight relationships of both sexes are W = 0.0059L3044s. Sex ratio is 1：1 and spawning season starts during March to June, the egg is adhesive demersal. Average mature size of both sexes are from 40-60 cm TL and 1,100-2,900 g. Effect of 3 types of hormone on induced ovulation, including HCG, pituitary gland, and buserelin in combination with domperidone are not signiticantly different （P 〉 0.05）. Hatching occurs in 24-25 hours after fertilization. The hatching percentage is 80%. Nursing and feeding strategies are also reviewed in this paper.
文摘Seperation and purifitation of human chorionic gonadotropion (HCG) in theurine sample of early pregnant women by D3520 resin adsorption chromatographyis repaied. The crude product obtained by DEAE - Cellulose 23 and DEAE Sephadex A50 column chromatography showed a high activity of HCG. Furtherpurifikation of the sample by gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G75 column gives a final preparation of 6000～ 6500 IU/mg. The preparation meets therequiTements of the pyrogn test in Chinese Law of Pharmacopoeia.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173294)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Soothing liver therapy on infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)and to explore its mechanism.METHODS:Fifty-eight women with tubal infertility were randomized into two groups:30 in an experimental group treated with Xiaoyao powder(Shugan)plus gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog(GnRHa)/follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)/human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)and 28 in the control group who were treated with GnRHa/FSH/hCG only.The total gonadotropin(Gn)doses required,endometrial thickness,oocyte numbers,high quality embryo production rate and pregnancy rate of the two groups were compared.The concentration of growth differentiation factor-9(GDF-9)in follicular fluid was detected by western blotting and the expression of GDF-9 mRNA in granulosa cells was measured using reverse tran-scription-polymerase chain reaction amplification.RESULTS:In the experimental group,the Gn dose was significantly lower than that in the control group;the endometrial thickness,high quality embryo production and pregnancy rates were significantly higher and the expression of GDF-9 mRNA was also significantly higher than in the control group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Shugan treatment can improve the pregnancy rate of women with tubal infertility;its mechanism is possibly related to the increased expression of GDF-9 in granulosa cells.
