基础与深入性并重——德国巴符州文理中学选课与结业评价制度及其改革

德国巴登-符腾堡州决定于2019/20学年开始在文理中学高中部课程阶段实行改革,以解决目前课程制度中存在的两个突出问题,即忽视基础科目知识的训练与忽视学生的个体差异。新的制度主要是将现行的5门每周4小时制的核心课程改为3门每周5小时制的专长课程,对高中毕业资格考试的形式和内容也相应地做了调整。此次改革注重夯实学生的基础知识,同时在课程选择上给予学生更大的自主权,鼓励他们根据自己的天赋和意愿钻研更精深的知识,是一次既重视知识的基础性又重视知识的深入性的教育改革。

Configuration Synthesis and Performance Evaluation Metrics of Lunar Rover Locomotion Systems

A method of topology synthesis based on graph theory and mechanism combination theory was applied to the configuration design of locomotion systems of lunar exploration rovers(LER).Through topology combination of wheel structural unit,suspension unit,and connecting device unit between suspension and load platform,some new locomotion system configurations were proposed and the metrics and indexes to evaluate the performance of the new locomotion system were analyzed.Performance evaluation and comparison between two LER with locomotion systems of different configurations were analyzed.The analysis results indicate that the new locomotion system configuration has good trafficability performance.

Evaluation of power market designs on investment incentives and capacity adequacy

Electricity industry restructuring should not sacrifice supply security to pursue economic efficiency. Till now there is no academic consensus on which electricity market design provides the least distorting investment incentives. Alternative approaches that have been adopted around the world for ensuring the appropriate level of investment in electric generation capacity are discussed, and much attention is devoted on the evaluation of capacity payment systems. The finding is that on one hand, capacity payment systems have good effect on reducing spot market price volatility and increasing the volume of generating capacity at the costs of relatively high total electricity prices; on the other hand, however, they are not robust against either the abuse of market power in the energy market or being manipulated.

The Establishment of Performance Evaluation Index Based on Enterprise Structure Adjustment

This paper mainly makes a performance evaluation for the industrial structure adjustment of the industrial enterprises, establishing a set of evaluation index system. It uses the mathematics statistics knowledge and management knowledge to establish a scientific and operable performance evaluation model for the industrial structure adjustment of the industrial enterprises. Based on the model, it can make a performance evaluation for the internal industrial structure adjustment of the industrial enterprises and also it can evaluate the performance of the industrial structure adjustu^ent of different industries.

Analysis and evaluation of structural complexity of circular economy system＇s industrial chain

This paper examined the method to evaluate structural complexity of circular economy system＇s industrial chain, which applied entropy information and hierarchical metrics to produce complexity degrees according to the theory of complex system. We developed an evaluation model to make a general metrics for circular economy system of industrial chains. The development of the evaluation tree drew upon five factors to identify the structural complexity. The evaluation model generated unitive entropy information from six data definition （node, level of community, metabolic span, degree of node, number of relation and connectivity of node） according to the evaluation tree. The industrial chains of Tashan circular economy park of Datong Coal Mine Group and Gujiao circular economy park of Xishan Coal-Electricity Group were evaluated by the proposed method. The key factors stunted by the decline of structural complexity were identified and the unitive metrics of entropy information of the industrial chain was shown for realigning the circular economy systems.

Evolution of Industrial Structure and Evaluation of the Economic Competitiveness of Island Counties in China

Islands are special regional units with unique development models and pathways and because of their locations, resources and environmental advantages, play an important role in the process of national modernization. Here, industrial coefifcient variation and shift-share methods were used to explain the evolution of island county economies and the competitiveness of their industrial structures. We found that industrial structures in island counties have undergone a complex evolution, have not followed a pure levo-rotation mode or dextro-rotation mode, and have experienced mixed evolutionary modes. The industrial structures in island counties are relatively simple, and the evolution of industrial structures in island counties has an apparent leaping feature. Last, the economic development of 12 focal island counties were divided into ifve categories in accordance with analysis of their economic development：Competitiveness Strengthened and Structure Optimized;Competitiveness Strengthened but Structure Declined; Competitiveness Weakened but Structure Optimized; Competitiveness Weakened and Structure Declined;and Structure Relatively Stabilized.