AIM： To assess each layer of the optical coherence tomography （OCT） image of the esophageal wall with reference to the histological structure, METHODS： Resected specimens of fresh pig esophagus was used as a model...AIM： To assess each layer of the optical coherence tomography （OCT） image of the esophageal wall with reference to the histological structure, METHODS： Resected specimens of fresh pig esophagus was used as a model for the esophageal wall. We injected cyanoacrylate adhesive into the specimens to create a marker, and scanned them using a miniature OCT probe. The localization of these markers was assessed in the OCT images. Then we compared the OCT-imaged morphology with the corresponding histological section, guided by the cyanoacrylate adhesive markers. We prepared a second set of experiments using nylon sutures as markers. RESULTS： The OCT image of the esophageal specimen has a clear five-layered morphology. First, it consisted of a relatively less reflective layer; second, a more reflective layer; third, a less reflective layer; fourth, a more reflective layer; and fifth, a less reflective layer. Comparing the OCT images with marked histological sections showed that the first layer corresponded to stratified squamous epithelium; the second to lamina propria; the third to muscularis mucosa; fourth, submucosa; and fifth, muscularis propria with deeper structures of the esophageal wa CONCLUSION： We demonstrated that the OCT image of the normal esophageal wall showed a five- layered morphology, which corresponds to histological esophageal wall components.展开更多
The phase-field crystal(PFC) model is employed to study the shape transition of strained islands in heteroepitaxy on vicinal substrates.The influences of both substrate vicinal angles β and the lattice mismatch ξ ar...The phase-field crystal(PFC) model is employed to study the shape transition of strained islands in heteroepitaxy on vicinal substrates.The influences of both substrate vicinal angles β and the lattice mismatch ξ are discussed.The increase of substrate vicinal angles is found to be capable of significantly changing the surface nanostructures of epitaxial films.The surface morphology of films undergoes a series of transitions that include Stranski-Krastonov(SK) islands,the couple growth of islands and the step flow as well as the formation of step bunching.In addition,the larger ξ indicates an increased strained island density after coarsening,and results in the incoherent growth of strained islands with the creation of misfit dislocations.Coarsening,coalescence and faceting of strained islands are also observed.Some facets in the shape transition of strained islands are found to be stable and can be determined by β and crystal symmetry of the film.展开更多
文摘AIM： To assess each layer of the optical coherence tomography （OCT） image of the esophageal wall with reference to the histological structure, METHODS： Resected specimens of fresh pig esophagus was used as a model for the esophageal wall. We injected cyanoacrylate adhesive into the specimens to create a marker, and scanned them using a miniature OCT probe. The localization of these markers was assessed in the OCT images. Then we compared the OCT-imaged morphology with the corresponding histological section, guided by the cyanoacrylate adhesive markers. We prepared a second set of experiments using nylon sutures as markers. RESULTS： The OCT image of the esophageal specimen has a clear five-layered morphology. First, it consisted of a relatively less reflective layer; second, a more reflective layer; third, a less reflective layer; fourth, a more reflective layer; and fifth, a less reflective layer. Comparing the OCT images with marked histological sections showed that the first layer corresponded to stratified squamous epithelium; the second to lamina propria; the third to muscularis mucosa; fourth, submucosa; and fifth, muscularis propria with deeper structures of the esophageal wa CONCLUSION： We demonstrated that the OCT image of the normal esophageal wall showed a five- layered morphology, which corresponds to histological esophageal wall components.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51075335,51174168,10902086 and 50875217)the Northwestern Polytechnical University Foundation for Fundamental Research (Grant Nos. 201109 and NPU-FFR-JC201005)
文摘The phase-field crystal(PFC) model is employed to study the shape transition of strained islands in heteroepitaxy on vicinal substrates.The influences of both substrate vicinal angles β and the lattice mismatch ξ are discussed.The increase of substrate vicinal angles is found to be capable of significantly changing the surface nanostructures of epitaxial films.The surface morphology of films undergoes a series of transitions that include Stranski-Krastonov(SK) islands,the couple growth of islands and the step flow as well as the formation of step bunching.In addition,the larger ξ indicates an increased strained island density after coarsening,and results in the incoherent growth of strained islands with the creation of misfit dislocations.Coarsening,coalescence and faceting of strained islands are also observed.Some facets in the shape transition of strained islands are found to be stable and can be determined by β and crystal symmetry of the film.
