The electroless Ni-P-carbon nanotubes composite plating was studied on the copper substrate. Metallurgical microscope, scanning electronic microscope, X-ray diffractometer and micro hardness tester were used to study ...The electroless Ni-P-carbon nanotubes composite plating was studied on the copper substrate. Metallurgical microscope, scanning electronic microscope, X-ray diffractometer and micro hardness tester were used to study the structure, constitution and performance of the electroless Ni-P-carbon nanotubes composite deposit. Experiential results show that, with the increment of carbon nanotubes content in electroless plating solution, the grain size on the sample surface decreases whereas the density of grains and the hardness for composite deposit increases. Moreover, adding carbon nanotubes not only improves the degree of crystallization for the composite deposit but also helps their transformation from the amorphous state to the nanocrystal state.展开更多
Based on optimization wharf structure type of triangle flame pier proposed, namely" Spatial triangular flame pier + Big span bent which taking Slant supports" Simulating three-dimensional pier model of a variety of...Based on optimization wharf structure type of triangle flame pier proposed, namely" Spatial triangular flame pier + Big span bent which taking Slant supports" Simulating three-dimensional pier model of a variety of conditions in the actual loading by structural finite element software. Under the guidance of the three-dimensional structure of the most unfavorable load combination algorithm, three-dimensional combination algorithm is applied to the new structure by the MATLAB software programming. Search and calculate the most unfavorable combination of action effects and the corresponding intemal force of the main member, checking the feasibility of the three-dimensional algorithms, Calculating the new wharf structure structural features and stability, Providing numerical reference for the design of this sort of wharf.展开更多
As a two-dimensional(2D) material, polymeric carbon nitride(g-C_3N_4) nanosheet holds great potentials in environmental purification and solar energy conversion. In this review, we summarized latest progress in the op...As a two-dimensional(2D) material, polymeric carbon nitride(g-C_3N_4) nanosheet holds great potentials in environmental purification and solar energy conversion. In this review, we summarized latest progress in the optimization of photocatalytic performance in 2D g-C_3N_4. Some of the latest structural engineering methods were summed up, where the relevant influences on the behaviors of photoinduced species were emphasized. Furthermore, the construction strategies for band structure modulation and charge separation promotion were then discussed in detail. A brief discussion on the opportunity and challenge of 2D g-C_3N_4-based photocatalysis are presented as the conclusion of this review.展开更多
In this work, we demonstrated a simple and efficacious two-step method for the synthesis of Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles (Ag@AuNPs) and the Ag/Au hollow nanocages (Ag/AuNCs) with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) as se...In this work, we demonstrated a simple and efficacious two-step method for the synthesis of Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles (Ag@AuNPs) and the Ag/Au hollow nanocages (Ag/AuNCs) with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) as seeds by adjusting pH, and the preparation of hybrid Ag@AuNPs- or Ag/AuNCs-graphene oxide nanocomposites (Ag@AuNPs-GO or Ag/AuNCs-GO) based on the self-assembly. It was noticed from the elec- trostatic assembly experiment that the loading amount of Ag/AuNCs on GO nanosheet was more than that of Ag@AuNPs. The as-synthesized hybrid materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, ξ-potential, high-angle annular dark- field scanning transmission electron microscopy, thermo- gravimetric analyzer and X-ray diffraction. Catalytic activities of Ag@AuNPs, Ag/AuNCs and Ag/AuNCs-GO nanostructures were investigated in the reduction of 4-, 3-or 2-nitrophenol to 4-, 3- or 2-aminophenol, and on the basis of comparative kinetic studies the following trend was obtained for the related catalytic activity: Ag/AuNCs- GO 〉 Ag/AuNCs 〉 Ag@AuNPs. These observations were attributed to the simultaneous effects of surface area available for catalytic reaction and composition of the hybrid nanostructures.展开更多
Investigating the microstructures and properties of gradient materials has been regarded as a promising way to accelerate the identification of optimal compositions for applications. Herein, a supergravity method is a...Investigating the microstructures and properties of gradient materials has been regarded as a promising way to accelerate the identification of optimal compositions for applications. Herein, a supergravity method is applied to prepare the graded entropic alloys Al-Zn-Li-Mg-Cu. Through carefully optimizing the experimental conditions, the graded microstructures and hardness values appear after the supergravity technique. The morphology of the alloy significantly changes from the bulk intermetallics to eutectic structures along the supergravity force direction, which results from the crushed and graded aluminum oxide combined with the extremelystrong force. The results show that with this supergravity method, a performance-enhanced alloy can potentially be achieved through the centrifugation in a short time span and thus it paves the way for designing and synthesizing entropic alloys with intriguing properties.展开更多
We address the question of how the structure condition is affected when one possesses some additional information at the very beginning of the investment period.The structure condition represents essentially an altern...We address the question of how the structure condition is affected when one possesses some additional information at the very beginning of the investment period.The structure condition represents essentially an alternative to non-arbitrage conditions for the Markowitz’s portfolio optimization framework,and is crucial for the existence of the optimal portfolio in quadratic utility settings.Herein,we provide practical assumption on the initial market model and the additional information to preserve the structure condition.The stochastic tools that drive this result are a generalization of the Lazaro-Yor representation by Lazaro and Yor(1978)and optional stochastic integral.展开更多
We model the interior of Europa using a method by which we set three layers of Europa and the composition of each layer in advance. Comparing the calculated mass and radius related to each model with the data derived ...We model the interior of Europa using a method by which we set three layers of Europa and the composition of each layer in advance. Comparing the calculated mass and radius related to each model with the data derived by the observations, we propose three possible internal structure models for Europa. All models are assumed to be differentiated into a metallic core, a (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 silicate mantle and an outer water shell. The only difference amongst these models are the composition of the core. The core of Model I is composed of Fe, while Model II composed of FeS, and the two models are based on the inferences provided by Europa's external gravitational field. Model III has a core which consists of Fe-FeS alloy, similar to that of Earth's outer core. Model I has a Fe core with a radius of 431 km, a (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 mantle with 999 km and a water shell with 132 km. Model II has a 777 km FeS core, a 619 km (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 mantle and a 167 km water shell. Model III has a 571 km Fe0.8(FeS)0.2 core, a 832 km (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 mantle and a 166 km water shell. In all three models, the density range and the radius of each layer is consistent with those deduced by Anderson et al.展开更多
文摘The electroless Ni-P-carbon nanotubes composite plating was studied on the copper substrate. Metallurgical microscope, scanning electronic microscope, X-ray diffractometer and micro hardness tester were used to study the structure, constitution and performance of the electroless Ni-P-carbon nanotubes composite deposit. Experiential results show that, with the increment of carbon nanotubes content in electroless plating solution, the grain size on the sample surface decreases whereas the density of grains and the hardness for composite deposit increases. Moreover, adding carbon nanotubes not only improves the degree of crystallization for the composite deposit but also helps their transformation from the amorphous state to the nanocrystal state.
文摘Based on optimization wharf structure type of triangle flame pier proposed, namely" Spatial triangular flame pier + Big span bent which taking Slant supports" Simulating three-dimensional pier model of a variety of conditions in the actual loading by structural finite element software. Under the guidance of the three-dimensional structure of the most unfavorable load combination algorithm, three-dimensional combination algorithm is applied to the new structure by the MATLAB software programming. Search and calculate the most unfavorable combination of action effects and the corresponding intemal force of the main member, checking the feasibility of the three-dimensional algorithms, Calculating the new wharf structure structural features and stability, Providing numerical reference for the design of this sort of wharf.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21437003, 21673126, 21621003, 21761142017)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (2017493)Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST and Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
文摘As a two-dimensional(2D) material, polymeric carbon nitride(g-C_3N_4) nanosheet holds great potentials in environmental purification and solar energy conversion. In this review, we summarized latest progress in the optimization of photocatalytic performance in 2D g-C_3N_4. Some of the latest structural engineering methods were summed up, where the relevant influences on the behaviors of photoinduced species were emphasized. Furthermore, the construction strategies for band structure modulation and charge separation promotion were then discussed in detail. A brief discussion on the opportunity and challenge of 2D g-C_3N_4-based photocatalysis are presented as the conclusion of this review.
基金Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Nalural Science Foundation of China (21 105042), the Science Foundation of China Postdoctor (2014M560572), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province IZR2015BM024), and Tai-Shan Scholar Research Fund of Shandong Province. The sludy was partially supported by grant NIH IR01DA037838 to Drs. Li and Nair.
文摘In this work, we demonstrated a simple and efficacious two-step method for the synthesis of Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles (Ag@AuNPs) and the Ag/Au hollow nanocages (Ag/AuNCs) with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) as seeds by adjusting pH, and the preparation of hybrid Ag@AuNPs- or Ag/AuNCs-graphene oxide nanocomposites (Ag@AuNPs-GO or Ag/AuNCs-GO) based on the self-assembly. It was noticed from the elec- trostatic assembly experiment that the loading amount of Ag/AuNCs on GO nanosheet was more than that of Ag@AuNPs. The as-synthesized hybrid materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, ξ-potential, high-angle annular dark- field scanning transmission electron microscopy, thermo- gravimetric analyzer and X-ray diffraction. Catalytic activities of Ag@AuNPs, Ag/AuNCs and Ag/AuNCs-GO nanostructures were investigated in the reduction of 4-, 3-or 2-nitrophenol to 4-, 3- or 2-aminophenol, and on the basis of comparative kinetic studies the following trend was obtained for the related catalytic activity: Ag/AuNCs- GO 〉 Ag/AuNCs 〉 Ag@AuNPs. These observations were attributed to the simultaneous effects of surface area available for catalytic reaction and composition of the hybrid nanostructures.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 51471025 and 51671020)
文摘Investigating the microstructures and properties of gradient materials has been regarded as a promising way to accelerate the identification of optimal compositions for applications. Herein, a supergravity method is applied to prepare the graded entropic alloys Al-Zn-Li-Mg-Cu. Through carefully optimizing the experimental conditions, the graded microstructures and hardness values appear after the supergravity technique. The morphology of the alloy significantly changes from the bulk intermetallics to eutectic structures along the supergravity force direction, which results from the crushed and graded aluminum oxide combined with the extremelystrong force. The results show that with this supergravity method, a performance-enhanced alloy can potentially be achieved through the centrifugation in a short time span and thus it paves the way for designing and synthesizing entropic alloys with intriguing properties.
基金supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. G121210818)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11501105)
文摘We address the question of how the structure condition is affected when one possesses some additional information at the very beginning of the investment period.The structure condition represents essentially an alternative to non-arbitrage conditions for the Markowitz’s portfolio optimization framework,and is crucial for the existence of the optimal portfolio in quadratic utility settings.Herein,we provide practical assumption on the initial market model and the additional information to preserve the structure condition.The stochastic tools that drive this result are a generalization of the Lazaro-Yor representation by Lazaro and Yor(1978)and optional stochastic integral.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 10973044 and 10833001)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Provincethe Foundation of Minor Planets of Purple Mountain Observatory
文摘We model the interior of Europa using a method by which we set three layers of Europa and the composition of each layer in advance. Comparing the calculated mass and radius related to each model with the data derived by the observations, we propose three possible internal structure models for Europa. All models are assumed to be differentiated into a metallic core, a (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 silicate mantle and an outer water shell. The only difference amongst these models are the composition of the core. The core of Model I is composed of Fe, while Model II composed of FeS, and the two models are based on the inferences provided by Europa's external gravitational field. Model III has a core which consists of Fe-FeS alloy, similar to that of Earth's outer core. Model I has a Fe core with a radius of 431 km, a (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 mantle with 999 km and a water shell with 132 km. Model II has a 777 km FeS core, a 619 km (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 mantle and a 167 km water shell. Model III has a 571 km Fe0.8(FeS)0.2 core, a 832 km (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 mantle and a 166 km water shell. In all three models, the density range and the radius of each layer is consistent with those deduced by Anderson et al.