承载地层隧道开挖二次应力和塑性区的理论预测方法

地铁隧道往往不得不从既有结构基础附近穿过,隧道的施工会扰动周边地层,引起邻近基础及结构的沉降,甚至影响其安全或正常使用。为了预测并控制隧道开挖引起的结构沉降,就需要计算隧道开挖对地层的扰动程度。现有隧道开挖塑性区理论均以自由地层(地层中没有结构基础荷载作用)为前提假设,没有反映承载地层隧道开挖影响的特殊性。考虑均质各向同性理想弹塑性地层,利用自由地层隧道开挖影响的解析解和结构基础荷载影响的解析解,提出一个预测承载地层隧道开挖引起的地层二次应力及塑性区形状和范围的理论方法,并通过算例分析基础荷载形式、大小和位置对隧道开挖塑性区的影响。结果表明,达到一定量值的邻近基础荷载会使隧道开挖塑性区的形状和范围明显地不同于自由地层隧道开挖塑性区,具体与荷载的位置、大小及分布形式有关。

Load-settlement behaviour of a strip footing resting on iron ore tailings as a structural fill

This study presents a laboratory investigation of load-settlement behaviour of a strip footing resting on iron ore tailings used as a structural fill.The footing was placed at various depths in the tailings bed.The relative density of the tailings was varied as D_r = 50%,70%and 90%.An incremental load was applied on the footing while observing the settlement until the failure took place.The results obtained for tailings were compared with those for the sandy soil.It is observed that the load-bearing capacity and stiffness increase with an increase in footing embedment depth and relative density.Compared to load-settlement behaviour of Perth sandy soil,the tailings fill could have as high as 22 times and 13.5 times the load-bearing capacity and stiffness,respectively.Therefore,the replacement of sandy soil with iron ore tailings for structural fills is cost-effective,and moreover,this application contributes to environmental sustainability in construction.