The effects of CO 2 concentration on the morphological and anatomical characters of soybean (Glycine max) leaf were investigated by means of light microscopy and SEM.It was noticed that exomorphology did not show dra...The effects of CO 2 concentration on the morphological and anatomical characters of soybean (Glycine max) leaf were investigated by means of light microscopy and SEM.It was noticed that exomorphology did not show dramatic change,while stomatal density decreased with increasing CO 2 concentration.Under SEM,no epicuticular wax was observed on both abaxial and adaxial sides of the control group as well as on adaxial side of the treatment group.However,leaf surface of abaxial side was noticed to be densely covered with microasterisk epicuticular wax when they were exposed to CO 2 enriched environment.The epicuticular wax deposition was present in equal abundance on both stomatal and nonstomatal areas.Furthermore,leaf thickness increased significantly due largely to the origin of an extra layer of palisade in the treatment group.The results confirmed that CO 2 enrichment might enhance cell division and induce greater quantity of epicuticular wax.展开更多
Previously,a single data-path stack was adequate for data-path chips,and the complexity and size of the data-path was comparatively small.As current data-path chips,such as system-on-a-chip (SOC),become more complex,m...Previously,a single data-path stack was adequate for data-path chips,and the complexity and size of the data-path was comparatively small.As current data-path chips,such as system-on-a-chip (SOC),become more complex,multiple data-path stacks are required to implement the entire data-path.As more data-path stacks are integrated into SOC,data-path is becoming a critical part of the whole giga-scale integrated circuits (GSI) design.The traditional physical design methodology can not satisfy the data-path performance requirements,because it can not accommodate the data-path bit-sliced structure and the strict performance (such as timing,coupling,and crosstalk) constraints.Challenges in the data-path physical design are addressed.The fundamental problems and key technologies in data-path physical design are analysed.The corresponding researches and solutions in this research field are also discussed.展开更多
The Ti-47Al-2Nb-2Cr-0.2W alloy sheets were obtained by hot pack rolling. The as-rolled sheet has an inhomogeneous duplex microstructure composed of elongated gamma grains and lamellar colonies. Heat treatments were co...The Ti-47Al-2Nb-2Cr-0.2W alloy sheets were obtained by hot pack rolling. The as-rolled sheet has an inhomogeneous duplex microstructure composed of elongated gamma grains and lamellar colonies. Heat treatments were conducted on the as-rolled sheets. The results show that the microstructures with different sizes and grain boundary morphologies were developed after different heat treatments. A coarse fully lamellar structure can be refined if the heating time, together with the cooling rate, is appropriately controlled. The grain growth exponent is found to be approximately 0.2, and the activation energy of grain boundary migration of the alloy is around 225 kJ/mol.展开更多
文摘The effects of CO 2 concentration on the morphological and anatomical characters of soybean (Glycine max) leaf were investigated by means of light microscopy and SEM.It was noticed that exomorphology did not show dramatic change,while stomatal density decreased with increasing CO 2 concentration.Under SEM,no epicuticular wax was observed on both abaxial and adaxial sides of the control group as well as on adaxial side of the treatment group.However,leaf surface of abaxial side was noticed to be densely covered with microasterisk epicuticular wax when they were exposed to CO 2 enriched environment.The epicuticular wax deposition was present in equal abundance on both stomatal and nonstomatal areas.Furthermore,leaf thickness increased significantly due largely to the origin of an extra layer of palisade in the treatment group.The results confirmed that CO 2 enrichment might enhance cell division and induce greater quantity of epicuticular wax.
文摘Previously,a single data-path stack was adequate for data-path chips,and the complexity and size of the data-path was comparatively small.As current data-path chips,such as system-on-a-chip (SOC),become more complex,multiple data-path stacks are required to implement the entire data-path.As more data-path stacks are integrated into SOC,data-path is becoming a critical part of the whole giga-scale integrated circuits (GSI) design.The traditional physical design methodology can not satisfy the data-path performance requirements,because it can not accommodate the data-path bit-sliced structure and the strict performance (such as timing,coupling,and crosstalk) constraints.Challenges in the data-path physical design are addressed.The fundamental problems and key technologies in data-path physical design are analysed.The corresponding researches and solutions in this research field are also discussed.
基金Project(2011CB605505)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(51174233)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The Ti-47Al-2Nb-2Cr-0.2W alloy sheets were obtained by hot pack rolling. The as-rolled sheet has an inhomogeneous duplex microstructure composed of elongated gamma grains and lamellar colonies. Heat treatments were conducted on the as-rolled sheets. The results show that the microstructures with different sizes and grain boundary morphologies were developed after different heat treatments. A coarse fully lamellar structure can be refined if the heating time, together with the cooling rate, is appropriately controlled. The grain growth exponent is found to be approximately 0.2, and the activation energy of grain boundary migration of the alloy is around 225 kJ/mol.
