基于FDS风速条件下木结构建筑火灾数值模拟

本文运用FDS软件对防火墙高于屋面0.4m的木结构建筑燃烧过程进行数值模拟,得到在不同风速情况下,相邻4.0m同规模建筑屋面260℃高温区域的分布情况。

降落伞工作过程数值模拟研究综述

回顾了降落伞研究方法从实验方法、半经验半理论方法到仿真模拟方法的发展历程,显示了数值模拟方法在降落伞研究方面的巨大前景。同时总结了伞衣流场数值模拟、伞衣结构数值模拟、流场和结构耦合的数值模拟的最新进展,通过研究发现,降落伞流固耦合数值模拟研究的主要方法是任意拉格朗日欧拉方法(ALE)、变空间域/稳定时间-空间(DSD/SST)方法和浸没边界法(IBM),这些方法代表了降落伞流固耦合技术研究的最新水平。

基于辛-谱元方法的地球自由振荡保弥散衰减数值模拟

对大地震激发的全球自由振荡的研究是探查地球内部结构的重要研究方向之一.以地球自由振荡数值模拟高精度、长时程、全球模拟的需求为导向,本文提出了一种适用于地球自由振荡高精度模拟的辛格式-谱元保弥散数值模拟方法.真实地球介质中弹性波能量的衰减成因复杂,对于甚低频情形,地球自由振荡的弥散衰减不容忽视.本文将保结构数值方法拓展至非保守动力学系统,发展了适用于弥散-黏弹阻尼介质弹性波方程的保弥散低阶辛格式数值模拟方法,将其应用于全球尺度地球自由振荡衰减效应数值模拟.数值模拟结果表明等效弥散衰减为地球深部(地核)自由振荡衰减的重要成分,并得出地球外核的等效弥散衰减系数.本文提出的方法为通过自由振荡研究探索地核非均匀性提供了一条的新途径.

盾构推进对既有隧道影响的渗流与结构耦合研究

在上海西藏南路越江隧道西线Φ11580泥水盾构近距离下穿上海地铁已建M8线隧道的过程中,通过布置在M8线内的高精度电子水准尺连续采集了大量的可靠数据,清晰地观测到了M8线上行线隧道随着盾构推进-拼装周期产生的隆沉。该文以实测数据为基础,通过渗流与结构耦合数值模拟方法,研究了西藏南路盾构穿越过程中既有M8线位移变化以及周围土体位移与孔压变化。

跨声速运输机机翼气动/结构优化平台AeroStruct的发展及应用

跨声速运输类飞机由于机翼展弦比大,使得气动加载下机翼变形量大,气动/结构耦合效应明显,因而开展耦合优化设计对提升飞机综合性能具有重要意义。本文研发了一种对该类机翼进行变可信度气动/结构耦合优化设计的自主软件平台(AeroStruct),气动数值模拟可选用N-S/Euler/全速势方程,结构数值模拟集成了结构有限元分析平台,气动/结构耦合分析采用径向基函数插值方法进行数据传递,在自主开发的SurroOpt代理优化软件基础上集成分析模块,实现了考虑静气动弹性效应的机翼气动/结构耦合优化设计。对uCRM-9标模机翼进行了包含76个设计变量的减重优化设计,最优方案比基准机翼结构质量减小约13%,优化效果显著。

固体燃料冲压发动机结构对性能的影响

在固体燃料冲压发动机 (SFRJ)性能分析基础上 ,通过数值模拟 ,研究了入口台阶相对高度、燃烧室和补燃室长度比对发动机推力、比冲的影响 .这种影响在不同飞行高度和速度下是一致的 .并分析了产生这些影响的原因 ,提出了相应的设计意见 .该研究将是导弹

基于梁连续抗弯刚度与小波变换的结构损伤识别方法研究

为了解决基于小波变换系数难以识别结构边缘损伤的问题,以及试验中损伤对周边的影响导致小波系数难以精确定位损伤位置的问题,提出了基于梁连续抗弯刚度与小波变换的结构损伤位置识别方法。该方法结合梁结构连续抗弯刚度与小波系数边缘的特点,在未知无损梁结构振动参数的情况下,能有效识别出梁结构边缘损伤且能准确定位试验中梁结构的损伤,通过损伤梁的数值模拟与试验证明了该方法的正确性。

杭州亚运会板球馆结构分析及屋盖抗风设计

杭州2022年第19届亚运会板球场馆主体采用了钢框架的结构形式,其大悬挑屋盖采用了空间网格结构。因功能及平面布局较为复杂,故采用了YJK、PKPM和MIDAS等多种软件对主体结构进行了整体协同分析和对比计算。通过弹性及弹塑性分析计算,所得的各项指标均满足规范要求,结构选型合理、安全可靠;针对楼盖进行了舒适度分析,对复杂节点进行了有限元分析,并采取了必要的加强措施;大悬挑屋盖结构的抗风设计,采用了基于CFD的数值模拟分析数据作为参考,作为荷载规范的补充依据。

Optimization of Channel Structure of Alkaline Water Electrolyzer by Using an Expanded Mesh as a Bipolar Plate

Alkaline water electrolysis(AWE)is the most mature technology for hydrogen production by water electrolysis.Alkaline water electrolyzer consists of multiple electrolysis cells,and a single cell consists of a diaphragm,electrodes,bipolar plates and end plates,etc.The existing industrial bipolar plate channel is concave-convex structure,which is manufactured by complicated and high-cost mold punching.This structure still results in uneven electrolyte flow and low current density in the electrolytic cell,further increasing in energy consumption and cost of AWE.Thereby,in this article,the electrochemical and flow model is firstly constructed,based on the existing industrial concave and convex flow channel structure of bipolar plate,to study the current density,electrolyte flow and bubble distribution in the electrolysis cell.The reliability of the model was verified by comparison with experimental data in literature.Among which,the electrochemical current density affects the bubble yield,on the other hand,the generated bubbles cover the electrode surface,affecting the active specific surface area and ohmic resistance,which in turn affects the electrochemical reaction.The result indicates that the flow velocity near the bottom of the concave ball approaches zero,while the flow velocity on the convex ball surface is significantly higher.Additionally,vortices are observed within the flow channel structure,leading to an uneven distribution of electrolyte.Next,modelling is used to optimize the bipolar plate structure of AWE by simulating the electrochemistry and fluid flow performances of four kinds of structures,namely,concave and convex,rhombus,wedge and expanded mesh,in the bipolar plate of alkaline water electrolyzer.The results show that the expanded mesh channel structure has the largest current density of 3330 A/m^(2)and electrolyte flow velocity of 0.507 m/s in the electrolytic cell.Under the same current density,the electrolytic cell with the expanded mesh runner structure has the smallest potential and energy consumption.This work provides a useful guide for the comprehensive understanding and optimization of channel structures,and a theoretical basis for the design of large-scale electrolyzer.

MHSS压缩有效力学性能研究

金属空心球结构(Metallic hollow sphere structure,MHSS)是一种新型的超轻多孔金属材料。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件模拟了薄壁金属空心球的压缩过程,采用非线性和瞬态分析方法得出了其名义应力-应变曲线,与实验曲线进行对比分析发现两条曲线较为吻合。对3种不同堆积模式的金属空心球结构进行了压缩数值模拟分析,得出了其压缩的有效屈服极限和有效弹性模量等力学性能。通过研究材料中单球的受力状态,分析了不同堆积模式材料力学性能出现差异的原因,其理论预测结果与数值模拟结果具有相同的规律。

Furnace structure analysis for copper flash continuous smelting based on numerical simulation

According to the innate characteristic of four types of furnace, the copper flash continuous smelting （CFCS） furnace can be considered a synthetic reactor of two relatively independent processes： flash matte smelting process （FMSP） and copper continuous converting process （CCCP）. Then, the CFCS thermodynamic model was proposed by establishing the multi-phase equilibrium model of FMSP and the local-equilibrium model of CCCP, respectively, and by combining them through the smelting intermediates. Subsequently, the influences of the furnace structures were investigated using the model on the formation of blister copper, the Fe3O4 behavior, the copper loss in slag and the copper recovery rate. The results show that the type D furnace, with double flues and a slag partition wall, is an ideal CFCS reactor compared with the other three types furnaces. For CFCS, it is effective to design a partition wall in the furnace to make FMSP and CCCP perform in two relatively independent zones, respectively, and to make smelting gas and converting gas discharge from respective flues.

A Numerical Study on the Effects of Orography During the Landfall Process of Typhoon Haitang

The landfall process of typhoon Haitang which affected East China seriously was simulated by using the MM5 model and the track, intensity, precipitation and structure of typhoon were successfully reproduced. Then through the sensitive test, the effects of terrain were analyzed Results show that the irregular track during the period of typhoon passing through Taiwan and later landfalling at Fujian was in relation to the occurring and developing of orthographic impressed depression. The amount of rainfall was enhanced more than one time and the strength of typhoon was weakened 4 to 5 hPa. It is found that the effect of terrain on the structure of typhoon is limited at low level and is backward in space compared with the one at high level. In addition, the phenomenon that the equivalent temperature in the typhoon＇s moving direction inclines to the west on the eye of landfall may be concerned with the terrain.

咸阳市市民文化中心钢连廊预应力施工技术

对咸阳市市民文化中心青少年宫钢连廊预应力施工过程进行了施工模拟和现场施工监测。采用有限元软件SPA2000对预应力连廊施工过程进行模拟分析,施工现场对钢结构的安装精度、张拉过程中钢丝绳的拉力及钢结构的应力与变形进行监测。结果表明,模拟分析理论值与实际监测数据吻合较好,在预应力施工过程中结构处于弹性状态,结构安全,施工方案具有可行性。

Effect of a single weak lithological structure on the height of a collapsing roof in a deep soft rock roadway

Besides the cross sections of roadways and the tendency and obliquity of roadway axes, the major controlling factors affecting the height of a collapsing roof include the weak lithological structure of surrounding rocks. This thesis analyzes the effect of two single and weak lithological structures of both sides and the roof on the height of a collapsing roof in a deep soft rock road- way. Using the two-dimensional UDEC3.1 software, a numerical structures of both sides of a roadway and of two weak lithological simulation was carried out on the models of weak lithological structures of roof of different depths. We reconstruct the overall processes from a break-away layer, bending, subsidence and the cracking of a collapsing roof. We also illustrate the distribution characteristics of displacement fields in the surrounding rock after the roof collapse in a deep soft rock roadway. The results of our numerical simulations indicate that the form of a roof collapse is side-expanding when the roadway is a weak structure at both sides The height of the roof collapse is related to the lithological combination of the roof when the roadway is a weak structure of the roof.

Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) microscopic simulation based on random-walk: Theory and parameters analysis

The microscopic response characteristics of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) are widely used for characterizing complex pore structures of rocks. Due to the prohibitive NMR experiment cost, numerical simulation was employed as an alternative approach to verify some theoretical aspects of NMR responses. Firstly, the basic principles of pore-scale NMR simulation based on random-walk method(RWM) were introduced. The RWM-simulated results were benchmarked with the analytical results for an ideal spherical pore model. Then, the effects of two numerical parameters, namely diffusion radius and walk numbers, were studied on the simulation accuracy. The simulation method is then applied to various pore models with different pore sizes and pore shapes filled with different fluids to study the microscopic NMR response characteristics. The numerical experiments are useful for understanding and interpreting NMR measurements and the simulation code provides a numerical tool to perform pixel-based digital rock analysis.

Pre-processing and post-processing method for geostress simulation using seismic interpretation results

In order to carry out numerical simulation using geologic structural data obtained from Landmark(seismic interpretation system), underground geological structures are abstracted into mechanical models which can reflect actual situations and facilitate their computation and analyses.Given the importance of model building, further processing methods about traditional seismic interpretation results from Landmark should be studied and the processed result can then be directly used in numerical simulation computations.Through this data conversion procedure, Landmark and FLAC(the international general stress software) are seamlessly connected.Thus, the format conversion between the two systems and the pre-and post-processing in simulation computation is realized.A practical application indicates that this method has many advantages such as simple operation, high accuracy of the element subdivision and high speed, which may definitely satisfy the actual needs of floor grid cutting.

CFD simulation of effect of anode configuration on gas–liquid flow and alumina transport process in an aluminum reduction cell

Numerical simulations of gas–liquid two-phase flow and alumina transport process in an aluminum reduction cell were conducted to investigate the effects of anode configurations on the bath flow, gas volume fraction and alumina content distributions. An Euler–Euler two-fluid model was employed coupled with a species transport equation for alumina content. Three different anode configurations such as anode without a slot, anode with a longitudinal slot and anode with a transversal slot were studied in the simulation. The simulation results clearly show that the slots can reduce the bath velocity and promote the releasing of the anode gas, but can not contribute to the uniformity of the alumina content. Comparisons of the effects between the longitudinal and transversal slots indicate that the longitudinal slot is better in terms of gas–liquid flow but is disadvantageous for alumina mixing and transport process due to a decrease of anode gas under the anode bottom surface. It is demonstrated from the simulations that the mixing and transfer characteristics of alumina are controlled to great extent by the anode gas forces while the electromagnetic forces(EMFs) play the second role.

Numerical analysis on stability of surrounding rock mass around deep roadway

Numerical simulations of the deep roadway were carried out through application of the strain-softening constitutive model. Differences between the deep and shallow roadway of the rock bearing structure were analyzed. Influences of the supporting resistance on the rock bearing structure at the deep roadway were discussed. The results show that there is alternation of strong and weak strength-softening region in the surrounding rock of deep roadway. However, the increase in the supporting resistance cuts down the size of strength-softening region of surrounding rock, decreases its strength-softening degree, and im- proves the stress distribution condition of the surrounding rock mass. It is concluded that the supporting resistance can raise the self-supporting ability of surrounding rock through controlling its strength-softening so as to make the rock bearing structure of deep roadway stable.

Numerical simulation of effect of bionic V-riblet non-smooth surface on tire anti-hydroplaning

Inspired by the idea that bionic non-smooth surfaces(BNSS) can reduce fluid adhesion and resistance, and the effect of bionic V-riblet non-smooth structure arranged in tire tread pattern grooves surface on anti-hydroplaning performance was investigated by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The physical model of the object(model of V-riblet surface distribution, hydroplaning model) and SST k-ω turbulence model were established for numerical analysis of tire hydroplaning. With the help of a orthogonal table L16(45), the parameters of V-riblet structure design compared to the smooth structure were analyzed, and obtained the priority level of the experimental factors as well as the best combination within the scope of the experiment. The simulation results show that V-riblet structure can reduce water flow resistance by disturbing the eddy movement in boundary layers. Then, the preferred type of V-riblet non-smooth structure was arranged on the bottom of tire grooves for hydroplaning performance analysis. The results show that bionic V-riblet non-smooth structure can effectively increase hydroplaning velocity and improve tire anti-hydroplaning performance. Bionic design of tire tread pattern grooves is a good way to promote anti-hydroplaning performance without increasing additional groove space, so that tire grip performance and roll noise are avoided due to grooves space enlargement.

Experimental and numerical studies on aluminum-stainless steel explosive cladding

In this study,the effect of varied loading ratio(mass of the explosive/mass of flyer plate)on the nature of interface,temperature and pressure developed in aluminum-steel explosive cladding is presented.Increase in the loading ratio,R,enhances the pressure developed,kinetic energy utilization and deformation work performed.Interfacial microstructures exhibit the formation of molten layer at few spots,owing to the increase in temperature beyond the melting point of parent alloy.The increase in temperature and the quantum of pressure developed were determined by numerical simulation performed in Ansys AUTODYN by employing smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method.The positioning of the experimental conditions on the weldability window is presented as well.