紧急疏散工况下大跨度候车厅的人致振动响应分析

以高铁北京南站高架大跨度候车厅为对象,分析紧急疏散工况下的人群集体流动特征和可能的疏散路线;根据统计确定单人步态参数,并结合单人行走荷载,分别构建等效人群荷载模型、随机概率分布人群荷载模型和人群集度荷载模型;基于交通运输学领域的人群到达模型,结合北京南站实际的京沪高铁列车时刻表,确定人群荷载分布。运用ANSYS软件构建大跨度候车厅结构的有限元模型,针对紧急疏散不同时期的情况,施加相应的人群荷载激励时程,进行大跨度候车厅结构的人致振动响应分析。结果表明:在紧急疏散过程中,随着人群步频的加大和人群集度的增加,结构人致振动加速度响应显著增大,自由行走区的人致振动大于主候车区的人致振动,自由行走区和主候车区的人致振动加速度响应分别是疏散前的9.3倍和1.5倍;候车厅的人致振动加速度响应比疏散前大的结构面积达30.6%。因此,为保证大跨度候车厅结构的振动舒适性和安全性,在设计时需要考虑人群紧急疏散效应。

消费者对软壳冲锋衣满意度与需求的调查研究

以户外登山类软壳冲锋衣为研究对象,通过在户外登山俱乐部活动中以及户外登山网络群中对109位受访者展开问卷调查,对获得的调查结果进行了数据整理和分析,最终得出了消费者对当前市场软壳冲锋衣的选择倾向与结构部位满意情况、消费者登山活动中人体生理物理变化,以及消费者对于软壳外套的需求等结果,并探讨了如何基于调查结果来开展软壳冲锋外套的结构设计。

Human Comfort Evaluation of a Steel-Concrete Composite Building Subjected to Aerobics

The current steel-concrete composite floors design might be susceptible to the resonance phenomenon, causing undesirable vibrations in the frequency range that is the most noticeable to humans, i.e., 4 Hz to 8 Hz. This way, the main objective of this work is to investigate the dynamic structural behaviour of a steel-concrete composite multi-storey building when subjected to human rhythmic activities （aerobics）. The studied structural model represents a typical interior floor bay of a commercial building used for gym and is composed by three floor levels spanning 20 m by 20 m, with a total area of 3×400 m2. An extensive parametric study was developed aiming to obtain the peak accelerations, RMS （root mean square） accelerations and VDV （vibration dose value） values, based on two different mathematical formulations. The human comfort of the building was analysed and the vibration transmissibility related to the steel columns was verified. Based on the found results, the investigated structural model presented high vibration levels that compromise the human comfort.