采场结构体回采可移动性分析

采场范围内存在的结构体严重影响地下矿山安全生产,分析不同回采顺序下采场结构体可移动性具有重要意义。以块体理论为基础,结合空场法开采的采场空间属性,分析了结构体在采场内的一般嵌套模式。运用General Block程序建立了采场结构体模型,对采场内结构体的类型、体积和位置等元素进行了解构。利用矢量方法分析了不同回采顺序下采场结构体可移动性,并利用力学方法分析了考虑岩桥破坏时的矢量不可动结构体的回采移动性,推导了结构体破坏岩桥移动的条件公式。以铜坑矿锌多金属矿体1#矿块采场为样本,进行了回采可移动性实例分析,结果表明:一端至另一端后退回采时,4个结构体滑动;中间至两端后退回采时,7个结构体滑动,1个结构体破坏岩桥后滑动;上向水平分层回采时,4个结构体滑动,2个结构体掉落。研究成果可为地下矿山裂隙矿岩空场法回采顺序的合理选择及采场安全管理提供技术指导。

新教材中的“文化”模块解构——基于新教材《思想政治·必修四》的文化模块探究

普通高中思想政治课程改革持续推动了教材的修订与变更,如何让教师们掌握新教材,理解教材编写的课程标准尤显重要,分析普通高等学校招生的考试大纲,比较不同时期教材也不可或缺。研究新教材编写的时代背景,要从国家课程改革过程,国家高校招生考试要求,新的课程标准要求,国家路线、方针、政策等方面去全面了解。对新旧教材的比较,要从课本本身变化维度上去比较,从新旧课程标准上去比较,从构成框架上去比较。《哲学与文化》中的"文化"模块部分结构分析,要从课程标准、考试大纲、评价方式等要素上进行。只有通过综合分析方法,才能对新教材使用过程中的教学教研活动起到指导作用。

互联网、大数据、营销传播结构主义视角下我国高校广告教育体系的解构与重构

互联网和大数据的发展,深刻影响着社会生活的方方面面,也使我国高校的广告教育面临解构的危机。结构主义坚持"整体论"的观点,注重结构要素的调整和转换,本文尝试从结构主义的视角构建了数字传播时代我国高校广告教育体系的结构模型,并对广告教育理念、课程体系、实践教学、教材教师教法和教学评价等结构要素提出了新的思考。

欧盟产业研发投入记分牌分析——兼论中欧企业创新合作新机遇

研发投入是科技创新的关键要素,本文以欧盟委员会联合研究中心近年来发布的《欧盟产业研发投入记分牌》为数据基础,深入解读全球企业研发投入趋势,动态分析其中中国企业研发投入的产业结构、所有权性质等情况,对比中国与欧盟、美国、日本等变化趋势,揭示中国企业研发投入的进步与差距。同时,针对欧盟研发结构特性,结合欧盟国家投资中国科技企业现状,对中国企业科技创新及中欧科技企业创新合作提出方向性建议和展望:多维度提升企业的创新动力和能力,特别指出应完善国有企业创新绩效考核;加强中欧科技创新多渠道交流,对冲逆全球化风潮;在5G、生物医药、汽车等领域深化中欧多层级合作;聚焦可持续发展中的关键技术和共性问题,开展多主题协作。

Effect of Lysophosphatidylcholine on ATP and ρ-Nitrophenyl Phosphate Hydrolysis by the Plasma Membrane H^+-ATPase from Soybean Hypocotyls

The stimulatory effect of lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso_PC) on ATP and ρ_nitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP) hydrolysis by the plasma membrane H +_ATPase from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) hypocotyls was studied. Results showed that lyso_PC stimulated the hydrolysis of ATP; ATP hydrolysis was enhanced dramatically when lyso_PC was within 0-0.03%, and increased slightly when lyso_PC was higher than 0.03%. At the concentration of 0.03%, lyso_PC stimulated ATP hydrolysis by 80.5%. Kinetics analysis showed that V max increased from 0.46 μmol P i·mg -1 protein·min -1 to 0.87 μmol P i·mg -1 protein·min -1 while K m increased from 0.88 mmol/L to 1.15 mmol/L under lyso_PC treatment. The optimum pH of ATP hydrolysis was shifted from 6.5 to 7.0 . Moreover, it was found lyso_PC enhanced the inhibition of ATP hydrolysis by hydroxylamine. In the presence of 200 mmol/L hydroxylamine, ATP hydrolysis was inhibited by 74.4%, while it was inhibited by 84.4% when treated with lyso_PC. However, PNPP hydrolysis and the inhibitory effect of vanadate were not affected by lyso_PC. The above results indicated that the kinase domain might be an action site or regulatory region of the C_terminal autoinhibitory domain in the plant plasma membrane H +_ATPase.

Practice of Project Management Methodology for Commercial Aero engines Based on Integrative Project Architectures

To collect and share information of projects or products and make it consistent and correct so that the quality and costs of projects can be effectively controlled,an integrative project architecture integrating different types of breakdown structures is necessary.In this paper,the international research status on work breakdown structure(WBS)was analyzed,and an integrative project architecture for commercial aero-engines was designed,where product breakdown structure(PBS),WBS,organization breakdown structure(OBS)and cost breakdown structure(CBS)were integrated and built.And the architecture was applied in information systems.A transfer from technological views of complex products through their lifecycles to management views has been realized with this standardized architecture,thus development tasks and costs can be controlled.

打开另一个视角

“读万卷书,行万里路”,这是我们老师常常对学生说的,但是老师自己又何尝不要如此呢?在信息化的今天,面对茫茫的书海,老师该读些什么呢?开设本栏目的目的,就是给大家一个参考,希望名师们推荐的书能给大家一定的启发。

A hybrid approach for evaluating CPT-based seismic soil liquefaction potential using Bayesian belief networks

Discernment of seismic soil liquefaction is a complex and non-linear procedure that is affected by diversified factors of uncertainties and complexity.The Bayesian belief network(BBN)is an effective tool to present a suitable framework to handle insights into such uncertainties and cause–effect relationships.The intention of this study is to use a hybrid approach methodology for the development of BBN model based on cone penetration test(CPT)case history records to evaluate seismic soil liquefaction potential.In this hybrid approach,naive model is developed initially only by an interpretive structural modeling(ISM)technique using domain knowledge(DK).Subsequently,some useful information about the naive model are embedded as DK in the K2 algorithm to develop a BBN-K2 and DK model.The results of the BBN models are compared and validated with the available artificial neural network(ANN)and C4.5 decision tree(DT)models and found that the BBN model developed by hybrid approach showed compatible and promising results for liquefaction potential assessment.The BBN model developed by hybrid approach provides a viable tool for geotechnical engineers to assess sites conditions susceptible to seismic soil liquefaction.This study also presents sensitivity analysis of the BBN model based on hybrid approach and the most probable explanation of liquefied sites,owing to know the most likely scenario of the liquefaction phenomenon.

Cage and ladder structures of silsesquioxanes characterized by UV-MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

The molar mass distribution of SSO in the first generation derived from the hydrolytic condensation oftwo trialkoxysilanes, [ 3- ( Methacryloxy ) propyl ] trimethoxysilane ( MPMS ) and vinyltrimethoxysilane ( VMS ) ,are determined by UV-MALDI-TOF MS. The comparisons of theoretical masses with experimental masses arecalculated using the proposed compounds, which are assigned to formulas Tn (OH)m, Tn (OMe)y orTn(OH)x(OMe)y[T=RSiO1.5 (x+y)/2n, R=--(CH2)3OOCCH(CH3)CH2 and--CHCH2]. Both theproposed cage and ladder structures of SSO derived from similar sol-gel process of monomers are illustrated. Thecauses for the difference in structures between SSO M and SSO V is discussed as well.

Zonal disintegration phenomenon in rock mass surrounding deep tunnels

Zonal disintegration is a typical static phenomenon of deep rock masses. It has been defined as alternating regions of fractured and relatively intact rock mass that appear around or in front of the working stope during excavation of a deep tunnel. Zonal disintegration phenomenon was successfully demonstrated in the laboratory with 3D tests on analogous gypsum models, two circular cracked zones were observed in the test. The linear Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion was used with a constitutive model that showed linear softening and ideal residual plastic to analyze the elasto-plastic field of the enclosing rock mass around a deep tunnel. The results show that tunneling causes a maximum stress zone to appear between an elastic and plastic zone in the surrounding rock. The zonal disintegration phenomenon is analyzed by considering the stress-strain state of the rock mass in the vicinity of the maximum stress zone. Creep instability failure of the rock due to the development of the plastic zone, and transfer of the maximum stress zone into the rock mass, are the cause of zonal disintegration. An analytical criterion for the critical depth at which zonal disintegration can occur is derived. This depth depends mainly on the character and stress concentration coefficient of the rock mass.

Complex Sequence of the English Nominal Group

The nominal group is an important aspect of English and other languages and requires specific attention because of its complex structure and sequence. This study examines how sequencing affects users＇ understanding and interpretation of the English nominal group and attempts to prescribe guidelines to the different challenges which the complex ordering of the nominal group poses to users of English as a second language. The findings of the study indicate that the complex ordering of the nominal group has a significant impact on their semantic effects in any discourse, and many of the difficulties users of English as a second language are faced with have to do with lack of adequate understanding of the structure and usage of the nominal group. Some of these problems can be addressed through a comprehensive study and examination of linguists＇ explanation of the nominal group and practical application of their guidelines. A functional approach to the study of the group will help second language learners of English to have a better understanding of its structure

A New (2+1)-Dimensional KdV Equation and Its Localized Structures

A new （2＋1）-dimensional KdV equation is constructed by using Lax pair generating technique. Exact solutions of the new equation are studied by means of the singular manifold method. Bgcklund transformation in terms of the singular manifold is obtained. And localized structures are also investigated.

Hollow and substrate-supported Prussian blue,its analogs,and their derivatives for green water splitting

To meet the current energy needs of society,the highly efficient and continuous production of clean energy is required.One of the key issues facing the green hydrogen evolution is the construction of efficient,low-cost electrocatalysts.Prussian blue(PB),Prussian blue analogs(PBAs),and their derivatives have tunable metal centers and have attracted significant interest as novel photo-and electrochemical catalysts.In this review,recent research progress into PB/PBA-based hollow structures,substrate-supported nanostructures,and their derivatives for green water splitting is discussed and summarized.First,several remarkable examples of nanostructured PB/PBAs supported on substrates(copper foil,carbon cloth,and nickel foam)and hollow structures(such as single-shelled hollow boxes,open hollow cages,and intricate hollow structures(multi-shell and yolk-shell))are discussed in detail,including their synthesis and formation mechanisms.Subsequently,the applications of PB/PBA derivatives((hydr)oxides,phosphides,chalcogenides,and carbides)for water splitting are discussed.Finally,the limitations in this research area and the most urgent challenges are summarized.We hope that this review will stimulate more researchers to develop technologies based on these intricate PB/PBA structures and their derivatives for highly efficient,green water splitting.

System failure analysis based on DEMATEL–ISM and FMECA

A new method of system failure analysis was proposed. First, considering the relationships between the failure subsystems,the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL) method was used to calculate the degree of correlation between the failure subsystems, analyze the combined effect of related failures, and obtain the degree of correlation by using the directed graph and matrix operations. Then, the interpretative structural modeling(ISM) method was combined to intuitively show the logical relationship of many failure subsystems and their influences on each other by using multilevel hierarchical structure model and obtaining the critical subsystems. Finally, failure mode effects and criticality analysis(FMECA) was used to perform a qualitative hazard analysis of critical subsystems, determine the critical failure mode, and clarify the direction of reliability improvement.Through an example, the result demonstrates that the proposed method can be efficiently applied to system failure analysis problems.

Carbon Emissions in International Trade： Calculating Size and Causes

Due to ongoing growth in carbon emission, many governments＇ have taken measures to curb it. Thus, it is of great importance to measure carbon emissions in international trade and probe into the causes behind them. This paper first applies inputoutput model then it estimates the carbon emissions embodied in China＇s international trade in 2002, 2005 and 2007. Using structural decomposition analysis, this paper measures carbon emissions in international trade by their scale effect, composition effect and intensity effect. Our results illustrate： （1） a rapidly-rising net export of carbon emissions for China, and （2） scale effect and composition effect stimulates carbon emissions embodied in exports, while intensity effect discourages it.

Inheritance of the Anatomy--Morphological Structure of the Stalk by Interspecific Hybrids of the Glycine L.

The research focuses on the study of anatomical and morphological stalk structure ofsoya interspecific hybrids of the third generation （F3） between （Glycine max （L.） Merr.） and G. soja Sieb. et Zucc. in comparison with parent plant species. The parent plant species and interspecific hybrids were sowed and grew under similar conditions. The similarity of the anatomic structure of stalks of cultivated plants and Glycine soja （wild soya） proves the hypothesis the studied species have the same origin. However, the obtained results show the considerable degree of phylogenetic dissociation between the studied soya species. Interspecific hybrids inherit from G. soja the ability to high intensive growth. The G. soja use in practical selective breeding is of great interest.

MAAUNet:Exploration of U-shaped encoding and decoding structure for semantic segmentation of medical image

In view of the problems of multi-scale changes of segmentation targets,noise interference,rough segmentation results and slow training process faced by medical image semantic segmentation,a multi-scale residual aggregation U-shaped attention network structure of MAAUNet(MultiRes aggregation attention UNet)is proposed based on MultiResUNet.Firstly,aggregate connection is introduced from the original feature aggregation at the same level.Skip connection is redesigned to aggregate features of different semantic scales at the decoder subnet,and the problem of semantic gaps is further solved that may exist between skip connections.Secondly,after the multi-scale convolution module,a convolution block attention module is added to focus and integrate features in the two attention directions of channel and space to adaptively optimize the intermediate feature map.Finally,the original convolution block is improved.The convolution channels are expanded with a series convolution structure to complement each other and extract richer spatial features.Residual connections are retained and the convolution block is turned into a multi-channel convolution block.The model is made to extract multi-scale spatial features.The experimental results show that MAAUNet has strong competitiveness in challenging datasets,and shows good segmentation performance and stability in dealing with multi-scale input and noise interference.

Historical Timber-Framed Buildings： Typology and Knowledge

This paperprovides a historical overview intending to clarify the methods of interpretation of timber-framed buildings by different authors of construction treatises, and structural intentions of the carpentry designers and master builders, throughout the centuries, until the period when it became scientific structural theory. It describes the ＂box-frame＂ construction that appeared in Lisbon, after the earthquake of 1755, characterized by its good seismic resistance. This knowledge is important to determine a strategy of an efficient restoration practice in historical constructions which require an intervention subordinated to its raised patrimonial and artistic value, minimum, which respects the authenticity of its structural and construction conception and which is reversible and compatible, in physical, chemical, mechanic and aesthetic terms. Empirical understanding of the most important properties of wood to structure purposes, the defects of structural timbers, the framing and the preliminary survey followed by the structural survey were some of the difficulties which can be overcame in practice.

THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STRUCTURALISM & DECONSTRUCTION

Deconstruction and Structuralism are two of the twentieth century western criticism schools, and their relationship still is an issue that needs to be systematically clarified. The paper presents a review study on the particular relationship of Deconstruction and Structuralism by comparing these two criticism schools from the respects of their origins, features, and limitations in the chronological view. It tends to prove that Deconstruction stems from the Structuralism, however Deconstruction differs itself from Structuralism in certain key features and bases itself upon a certain characteristic critique of Structuralism.

Fused empirical mode decomposition and wavelets for locating combined damage in a truss-type structure through vibration analysis

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a relevant topic for civil systems and involves the monitoring, data processing and interpretation to evaluate the condition of a structure, in order to detect damage. In real structures, two or more sites or types of damage can be present at the same time. It has been shown that one kind of damaged condition can interfere with the detection of another kind of damage, leading to an incorrect assessment about the structure condition. Identifying combined damage on structures still represents a challenge for condition monitoring, because the reliable identification of a combined damaged condition is a difficult task. Thus, this work presents a fusion of methodologies, where a single wavelet-packet and the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method are combined with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the automated and online identification-location of single or multiple-combined damage in a scaled model of a five-bay truss-type structure. Results showed that the proposed methodology is very efficient and reliable for identifying and locating the three kinds of damage, as well as their combinations. Therefore, this methodology could be applied to detection-location of damage in real truss-type structures, which would help to improve the characteristics and life span of real structures.