企业提高产品质量与降低成本之间的关系及其协调

提高产品质量和降低成本之间仔在着既统一又矛盾的关系,我们在企业管理工作中,必须从企业整体利益出发,权衡利弊与得失,采取较适宜的措施,使提高产品质量与降低成本协调统一起来。 一、企业提高产品质量与降低成本之间的关系 (一)二者之间的统一性。提高产品质量就意味着提高产品的合格率,减少废品率,降低产品返修率,因而明显地节约了材料、人工、费用的消耗。

Multiple phase detector of M-ary phase shift keying symbols in code division multiple access systems

A novel iterative technique, the phase descent search detection was proposed. This technique constrained the solution （PDS） algorithm, for M-ary phase shift keying （M-PSK） symbols to have a unit magnitude and it was based on coordinate descent iterations where coordinates were the unknown symbol phases. The PDS algorithm, together with a descent local search （also implemented as a version of the PDS algorithm）, was used multiple times with different initializations in a proposed multiple phase detector; the solution with the minimum cost was then chosen as the final solution. The simulation results show that for highly loaded multiuser scenarios, the proposed technique has a detection performance that is close to the single-user bound. The results also show that the multiple phase detector allows detection in highly overloaded scenarios and it exhibits near-far resistance. In particular, the detector has a performance that is significantly better, and complexity that is significantly lower, than that of the detector based on semi-definite relaxation.

After the Rot： Improving the Durability of Building Envelopes in Domestic Housing New Zealand

The issue of weathertightness of the external building envelope in domestic scaled timber frames continues to be an issue in New Zealand, some ten years after the results of a major cladding survey into the durability and weathertightness of the exterior cladding envelope carried out by the writer in the year 2000. The fallout from leaking buildings has estimated to have cost the country billions of dollars in lost production and expensive repair. The social impact on those caught up in the leaking home issue has been considerable; with often heart rending tales of stress and financial hardship. This paper will explore the initiatives taken by the building industry and the government since the issue became a major public concern. It will examine the influences, both positive and negative, that resulting legislation and changed building practices, brought in as a result of this crisis, have had on the sustainability and affordability of the domestic dwelling in New Zealand.

Simulation and formability analysis of drawing process for automotive B-pillar

The numerical simulation on drawing process of automotive B-pillar was carried out on AutoForm software,and dangerous forming areas were discovered.The processing parameters,such as the layout of drawbeads,blank holding force and the shape of blank,were adjusted and optimized according to the simulation results.Results indicate that the quality defects can be forecast and removed,which improves the stability of forming process.The cost of design is decreased and the research cycle is shortened.It is proved that the drawing process and die design of B-pillar forming are feasible in actual production.

An Extension of the Dimension-Reduced Projection 4DVar

This paper extends the dimension-reduced projection four-dimensional variational assimilation method(DRP-4DVar) by adding a nonlinear correction process,thereby forming the DRP-4DVar with a nonlinear correction, which shall hereafter be referred to as the NC-DRP-4DVar. A preliminary test is conducted using the Lorenz-96 model in one single-window experiment and several multiple-window experiments. The results of the single-window experiment show that compared with the adjoint-based traditional 4DVar, the final convergence of the cost function for the NC-DRP-4DVar is almost the same as that using the traditional 4DVar, but with much less computation. Furthermore, the 30-window assimilation experiments demonstrate that the NC-DRP-4DVar can alleviate the linearity approximation error and reduce the root mean square error significantly.

A Study on Torque Rich Phenomena in Ship Operation

The ＂torque rich＂ is known as a phenomenon that makes reduction of ship speed, overload for main engine and higher fuel consumption of ship, even can cause some major problems for a ship propulsion system. In Vietnam, according to investigated results, almost ships of country merchant fleet are facing with ship speed decrease, fuel consumption increase due to the torque rich, consequently the average ship operation cost is increasing from 15% to 25%, even higher in some cases and the environment is badly impacted. To comply with the international requirements and national legislation regarding to ＂using efficiently energy and environment protection＂, Vietnamese shipping companies must combat with the torque rich problem as crucial reason making downgrade in ship operation. The article shows a potential method to reduce the torque rich phenomena by modifying propeller which has been successfully applied for a real ship in Vietnam.

Effect of Growing Size of Interaction Neighbors on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Snowdrift Game

In this paper,we study the influence of the size of interaction neighbors(k) on the evolution of cooperation in the spatial snowdrift game.At first,we consider the effects of noise K and cost-to-benefit ratio r,the simulation results indicate that the evolution of cooperation depends on the combined action of noise and cost-to-benefit ratio.For a lower r,the cooperators are multitudinous and the cooperation frequency ultimately increases to 1 as the increase of noise.However,for a higher r,the defectors account for the majority of the game and dominate the game if the noise is large enough.Then we mainly investigate how k influences the evolution of cooperation by varying the noise in detail.We find that the frequency of cooperators is closely related to the size of neighborhood and cost-to-benefit ratio r.In the case of lower r,the augmentation of k plays no positive role in promoting the cooperation as compared with that of k = 4,while for higher r the cooperation is improved for a growing size of neighborhood.At last,based on the above discussions,we explore the cluster-forming mechanism among the cooperators.The current results are beneficial to further understand the evolution of cooperation in many natural,social and biological systems.