采用气相色谱法与FID检测器对六种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP和D I D P的出峰时间进行定性,同时利用己二酸二乙酯作为内标物进行定量检测。通过测定和计算得出DBP的检出限为0.029 mg/kg,精密度重复性为5.930 57%(...采用气相色谱法与FID检测器对六种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP和D I D P的出峰时间进行定性,同时利用己二酸二乙酯作为内标物进行定量检测。通过测定和计算得出DBP的检出限为0.029 mg/kg,精密度重复性为5.930 57%(以3倍标准偏差计算),再现性为24.209 63%(以3倍标准偏差计算);再对给水用聚氯乙烯(PVC)管材样品进行检测和加标回收试验,得到DBP加标回收率为81%。可见本检验检测方法适用于给水用聚氯乙烯(PVC)管材中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂含量的检测,其可行性、有效性和准确性都符合要求。展开更多
It is important to understand how land use change impacts groundwater recharge, especially for regions that are undergoing rapid urbanization and there is limited surface water. In this study, the hydrological process...It is important to understand how land use change impacts groundwater recharge, especially for regions that are undergoing rapid urbanization and there is limited surface water. In this study, the hydrological processes and re- charge ability of various land use types in Guishui River Basin, China （in Beijing Municipality） were analyzed. The impact of land use change was investigated based on water balance modeling, WetSpass and GIS. The results indicate that groundwater recharge accounts for only 21.16% of the precipitation, while 72.54% is lost in the form of evapotranspiration. The annual-lumped groundwater recharge rate decreases in the order of cropland, grassland, urban land, and forest. Land use change has resulted in a decrease of 4 x 106 m3 of yearly groundwater recharge in the study area, with a spatially averaged rate of 100.48 mm/yr and 98.41 mm/yr in 1980 and 2005, respectively. This variation has primarily come from an increase of urban area and rural settlements, as well as a decrease of cropland.展开更多
Monitoring and study of dynamic characteristics of groundwater are significant methods of earthquake monitoring and forecasting. For research on groundwater dynamics,groundwater dating can qualitatively and quantitati...Monitoring and study of dynamic characteristics of groundwater are significant methods of earthquake monitoring and forecasting. For research on groundwater dynamics,groundwater dating can qualitatively and quantitatively provide scientific analysis on the characteristics of groundwater recharge and runoff as well as renewal capacity. This article illustrates the methods used globally and summarizes the main advances and achievements in groundwater dating. It also focuses on the relationships between groundwater renewal capacity and seismic monitoring,groundwater movement and seismic activity,shallow groundwater recharge and abnormal interference elimination. The studies show that groundwater dating plays an important role in water-rock interaction,and geological tectonic and seismic activity evaluation. Therefore,groundwater dating can be widely used to monitor and analyze the precursor information in seismic underground fluid observations in the near future.展开更多
Rain water harvesting offers a wealth of promising possibilities for many countries. This paper describes a study in which rainwater harvested from the rooftop is used for recharging groundwater in a household well in...Rain water harvesting offers a wealth of promising possibilities for many countries. This paper describes a study in which rainwater harvested from the rooftop is used for recharging groundwater in a household well in Ibadan. A rainwater harvesting structure was designed to be 1.2 m deep, 2.6 m long and 0.66 m wide, filled with gravel and fine sand at different layers. Rainwater harvested in a storage tank is passed with the aid of a hose pipe to the rainwater harvesting structure on a daily basis to recharge the groundwater in the well. A well in the neighborhood serves as control for this experiment, which went on for a month. The volume of rainwater used to recharge the groundwater in the well was recorded daily for the study period. The results indicated that using rainwater to recharge the groundwater in the well led to conservation of the water in the well through reduced evaporation. Thus, the well yields water all the year round as compared to the control well that dries up during the dry season.展开更多
The hyporbeic zone plays an important role in groundwater and stream water quality protection. To investigate the stream-groundwater interaction mechanisms in the lateral hyporheic zone, this study examined Ma＇an Cre...The hyporbeic zone plays an important role in groundwater and stream water quality protection. To investigate the stream-groundwater interaction mechanisms in the lateral hyporheic zone, this study examined Ma＇an Creek in Chongqing during the dry season from December 2015 to April 2016. The water level, water temperature, pH and CF concentration in the hyporheic zone and groundwater were monitored in situ. The sediment permeability coefficient, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen and concentration of DOC were analyzed. The results show that the water level changes of hyporheic zone and the movement of hyporheic flow were influenced significantly by the permeability coefficient of sediment. The hyporheic flow approximately 10 cm from the stream bank was clearly affected by precipitation infiltration and evapotranspiration. During the study period, the groundwater recharged the stream, and the impact of groundwater on the hyporheic flow gradually decreased with the flow path. The hyporheic flow approximately 30 cm from the stream bank was still mainly affected by groundwater. Approximately 10-30 cm from the stream bank, the mixing of groundwater with precipitation and stream water intensified. Due to the sediment properties, moisture accumulated approximately 10 cm from the stream bank and drained into the stream via hyporheic flow, with potential impacts on stream water quality.展开更多
文摘采用气相色谱法与FID检测器对六种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP和D I D P的出峰时间进行定性,同时利用己二酸二乙酯作为内标物进行定量检测。通过测定和计算得出DBP的检出限为0.029 mg/kg,精密度重复性为5.930 57%(以3倍标准偏差计算),再现性为24.209 63%(以3倍标准偏差计算);再对给水用聚氯乙烯(PVC)管材样品进行检测和加标回收试验,得到DBP加标回收率为81%。可见本检验检测方法适用于给水用聚氯乙烯(PVC)管材中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂含量的检测,其可行性、有效性和准确性都符合要求。
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41101033)Program of International S & T Cooperation (No. 2010DFA92400)+1 种基金Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No. 8082010)Non-profit Industry Financial Program of the Ministry of Water Resources (No. 200901091)
文摘It is important to understand how land use change impacts groundwater recharge, especially for regions that are undergoing rapid urbanization and there is limited surface water. In this study, the hydrological processes and re- charge ability of various land use types in Guishui River Basin, China （in Beijing Municipality） were analyzed. The impact of land use change was investigated based on water balance modeling, WetSpass and GIS. The results indicate that groundwater recharge accounts for only 21.16% of the precipitation, while 72.54% is lost in the form of evapotranspiration. The annual-lumped groundwater recharge rate decreases in the order of cropland, grassland, urban land, and forest. Land use change has resulted in a decrease of 4 x 106 m3 of yearly groundwater recharge in the study area, with a spatially averaged rate of 100.48 mm/yr and 98.41 mm/yr in 1980 and 2005, respectively. This variation has primarily come from an increase of urban area and rural settlements, as well as a decrease of cropland.
基金sponsored by the Special Foundation for Earthquake Scientific Research,CEA(201308006)
文摘Monitoring and study of dynamic characteristics of groundwater are significant methods of earthquake monitoring and forecasting. For research on groundwater dynamics,groundwater dating can qualitatively and quantitatively provide scientific analysis on the characteristics of groundwater recharge and runoff as well as renewal capacity. This article illustrates the methods used globally and summarizes the main advances and achievements in groundwater dating. It also focuses on the relationships between groundwater renewal capacity and seismic monitoring,groundwater movement and seismic activity,shallow groundwater recharge and abnormal interference elimination. The studies show that groundwater dating plays an important role in water-rock interaction,and geological tectonic and seismic activity evaluation. Therefore,groundwater dating can be widely used to monitor and analyze the precursor information in seismic underground fluid observations in the near future.
文摘Rain water harvesting offers a wealth of promising possibilities for many countries. This paper describes a study in which rainwater harvested from the rooftop is used for recharging groundwater in a household well in Ibadan. A rainwater harvesting structure was designed to be 1.2 m deep, 2.6 m long and 0.66 m wide, filled with gravel and fine sand at different layers. Rainwater harvested in a storage tank is passed with the aid of a hose pipe to the rainwater harvesting structure on a daily basis to recharge the groundwater in the well. A well in the neighborhood serves as control for this experiment, which went on for a month. The volume of rainwater used to recharge the groundwater in the well was recorded daily for the study period. The results indicated that using rainwater to recharge the groundwater in the well led to conservation of the water in the well through reduced evaporation. Thus, the well yields water all the year round as compared to the control well that dries up during the dry season.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(Grant No.2011BAC09B01)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.XDJK2014A016&XDJK2016D046)Scientific and Technical Innovative Program of graduate students in Chongqing(Grant No.CYS16050)
文摘The hyporbeic zone plays an important role in groundwater and stream water quality protection. To investigate the stream-groundwater interaction mechanisms in the lateral hyporheic zone, this study examined Ma＇an Creek in Chongqing during the dry season from December 2015 to April 2016. The water level, water temperature, pH and CF concentration in the hyporheic zone and groundwater were monitored in situ. The sediment permeability coefficient, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen and concentration of DOC were analyzed. The results show that the water level changes of hyporheic zone and the movement of hyporheic flow were influenced significantly by the permeability coefficient of sediment. The hyporheic flow approximately 10 cm from the stream bank was clearly affected by precipitation infiltration and evapotranspiration. During the study period, the groundwater recharged the stream, and the impact of groundwater on the hyporheic flow gradually decreased with the flow path. The hyporheic flow approximately 30 cm from the stream bank was still mainly affected by groundwater. Approximately 10-30 cm from the stream bank, the mixing of groundwater with precipitation and stream water intensified. Due to the sediment properties, moisture accumulated approximately 10 cm from the stream bank and drained into the stream via hyporheic flow, with potential impacts on stream water quality.
