乌鲁木齐话“给给”结构的介词面貌

普通话的＂给＂结构是包含前置词和后置词的双系介词构式,乌鲁木齐话的＂给给＂结构是包含前置词、后置词和框式介词的三系介词构式。基于介词和谓语动词均可加载否定项的事实,可以提出一条共性假设。

Pharmacokinetics of Controlled Release and Immediate Release Morphine Sulphate Tablets after a Single Dose and Multiple Doses in Chinese Volunteers

The pharmacokinetics of morphine sulphate was studied in 10 Chinese healthy volunteers after a single oral dose. Blood samples were collected before and after administration of controlled release tablets (CRMS, 30 mg) and immediate release tablets (IRMS, 20 mg). The plasma concentration of morphine was determined by GC MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters of controlled release tablets and immediate release tablets were calculated∶ C max was 19.38±3.80 and 21.27±6.21 ng/ml, t max was 2.36 ±0.37 h and 0.56±0.16 h, t 1/2β was 3.53±0.87 and 3.03±0.74 h, AUC was 145.15±17.65 and 93.08±16.65 ng/ml, respectively. The steady state plasma concentration of morphine sulphate in cancer patients after multiple doses was achieved, C max of CRMS and IRMS was 27.43±0.33 ng/ml and 22.68±0.16 ng/ml, C min of CRMS and IRMS was 19.45±1.44 ng/ml and 18.14±0.49 ng/ml, respectively.

宁武方言三区话的“给”

山西宁武方言属于晋语五台片,县内三区话中"给"的读音与词性有很强的对应关系。主要介绍了不同词性、不同读音的"给"在三区方言中的使用情况,推测了三区方言"给"的虚化过程。

Converting circular tubes into square cross-sectional parts using incremental forming process

Incremental forming process is recently developed to form tubular parts.The fabrication cost and accuracy could be optimized if the effects of process parameters and the optimum values are specified.The aim of this research is using incremental forming of copper tubes to convert a circular tube into a square cross-sectional part.An experimental setup,consisting of a spherical forming punch and a fixture for clamping the tube is designed.The forming punch movement is controlled by a CNC machine.Full factorial design of experiments is carried out in order to determine the effects of process parameters including linear velocity,radial feed,and axial feed of the tool on the thinning ratio and the maximum outer diameter of the square cross-sectional parts.Results show that the radial feed has the major influence on the thinning ratio,while the axial feed plays the major role for the final profile.Increase of radial feed results in higher thinning ratio,and decrease of axial feed results in better shape conformity.Linear velocity does not have a significant effect on thinning ratio.Regression models are also given for predicting the determined responses.

Feed Drive Based upon Linear Motor for Ultraprecision Turning Machine

The characteristics of several different linear motors have been investigated, and the feed drive system with linear motor instead of screw-nut mechanism has been built for a submicro ultraprecision turning machine. In the control system for the feed drive system arranged as "T", both P-position and PI-speed control loops are used. The feedback variable is obtained from a double frequecy laser interferometor. Experiments show that the feed drive with linear motor is simple in construction, and that its dynamics is better than others. So the machining accuracy of the workpiece machined has been successfully improved.

Probing Effect of Solvation on Photoexcited Quadrupolar Donor-Acceptor-Donor Molecule via Ultrafast Raman Spectroscopy

The symmetric and quadrupolar donor-acceptordonor(D-A-D)molecules usually exhibit excitedstate charge redistribution process from delocalized intramolecular charge transfer(ICT)state to localized ICT state.Direct observation of such charge redistribution process in real-time has been intensively studied via various ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopies.Femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy(FSRS)is one of the powerful methods which can be used to determine the excited state dynamics by tracking vibrational mode evolution of the specific chemical bonds within molecules.Herein,a molecule,4,4′-(buta-1,3-diyne-1,4-diyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)aniline),that consists of two central adjacent alkyne(-C≡C-)groups as electron-acceptors and two separated,symmetric N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)aniline at both branches as electron-donors,is chosen to investigate the excited-state photophysical properties.It is shown that the solvation induced excited-state charge redistribution in polar solvents can be probed by using femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy.The results provide a fundamental understanding of photoexcitation induced charge delocalization/localization properties of the symmetric quadrupolar molecules with adjacent vibrational markers located at central position.

Development Trend of Water Supply and Drainage Engineering Based on Life Cycle Assessment and Building Information Model

With the rapid development of construction engineering and municipal engineering in recent years, water supply and drainage technology has gradually matured. Building water supply and drainage design contains the design of rainwater drainage, sewage drainage design, water supply design and fire water supply design. At present, the research on the life cycle assessment of urban drainage system is mainly focused on the sewage treatment plant, therefore in this paper we introduce the theoretical basis of life cycle assessment. In the era of information network, building information model（BIM） technology is widely applied to the design of building water supply and drainage, which and effectively improves the design effi ciency, and makes up for the traditional water supply and drainage design of a lot of problems. In this paper, we analyze the development trend of water supply and drainage engineering based on life cycle assessment and building information model.

Modeling a high output marine steam generator feedwater control system which uses parallel turbine-driven feed pumps

Parallel turbine-driven feedwater pumps are needed when ships travel at high speed. In order to study marine steam generator feedwater control systems which use parallel turbine-driven feed pumps, a mathematical model of marine steam generator feedwater control system was developed which includes mathematical models of two steam generators and parallel turbine-driven feed pumps as well as mathematical models of feedwater pipes and feed regulating valves. The operating condition points of the parallel ttu-bine-driven feed pumps were calculated by the Chebyshev curve fit method. A water level controller for the steam generator and a rotary speed controller for the turbine-driven feed pumps were also included in the model. The accuracy of the mathematical models and their controllers was verified by comparing their results with those from a simulator.

Treating oil wastewater with pulse electro-coagulation flotation technology

Pulse electro-coagulation flotation was used to treat oil wastewater of high oil content.Different operational conditions were examined,including current density,reactive time,electrode distance,pH and pole switching time.Orthogonal tests were carried out to identify the optimal operational conditions for this technique.Considering the treatment cost and efficiency together,the optimal operational conditions were an electrode distance of 3.3 cm,pH of 4,current density of 49.38 mA/cm2,reaction time of 15 min and pole switching time of 10 s.The removal efficiency of oil wastewater under normal conditions reached up to 96.21%.The influences of different factors on removal efficiency were in the following decreasing sequence:pH> current density > pole switching time > reactive time > board distance.

Usefulness of a novel slim type Flush Knife-BT over conventional Flush Knife-BT in esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection

To investigated the usefulness of a novel slim type ball-tipped FlushKnife (FlushKnife-BTS) over ball-tipped FlushKnife (FlushKnife-BT) in functional experiments and clinical practice.METHODSIn order to evaluate the functionality of FlushKnife-BTS, water aspiration speed, resistance to knife insertion through the scope, and waterjet flushing speed were compared between FlushKnife-BTS and BT. In clinical practice, esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) performed using FlushKnife-BTS or BT by an experienced endoscopist between October 2015 and January 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The treatment speed and frequency of removing and reinserting the knife to aspirate fluid and air during ESD sessions were analyzed.RESULTSFunctional experiments revealed that water aspiration speed by the endoscope equipped with a 2.8-mm working channel with FlushKnife-BTS was 7.7-fold faster than that with conventional FlushKnife-BT. Resistance to knife insertion inside the scope with a 2.8-mm working channel was reduced by 40% with FlushKnife-BTS. The waterjet flushing speed was faster with the use of FlushKnife-BT. In clinical practice, a comparison of 6 and 7 ESD using FlushKnife-BT and BTS, respectively, revealed that the median treatment speed was 25.5 mm2/min (range 19.6-30.3) in the BT group and 44.2 mm2/min (range 15.5-55.4) in the BTS group (P = 0.0633). However, the median treatment speed was significantly faster with FlushKnife-BTS when the resection size was larger than 1000 m2 (n = 4, median 24.2 mm2/min, range 19.6-27.7 vs n = 4, median 47.4 mm2/min, range 44.2-55.4, P = 0.0209). The frequency of knife replacement was less in the BTS group (median 1.76 times in one hour, range 0-5.45) than in the BT group (7.02 times in one hour, range 4.23-15) (P = 0.0065).CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that FlushKnife-BTS enhances the performance of ESD, particularly for large lesions, by improving air and fluid aspiration and knife insertion during ESD and reducing the frequency of knife removal and reinsertion.

太原话的“给”字句

本文介绍了太原话的“给”作为动词、介词和助词的用法,比较详尽地描写了太原话“给”字句的三种类型,并比较了三种类型之间的不同。

Nanoparticle-based oral delivery systems for colon targeting: principles and design strategies

Colon-targeted oral delivery is crucial for the treatment of colon-related diseases, as this delivery strategy enables precise drug administration to the diseased site, enhances drug bioavailability, and improves patient com- pliance. In particular, nanoparticle-based oral formulations shield drugs from the harsh gastrointestinal environment, and selectively increase drug colon cells, thus elevating concentration inside diseased therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity. In this review, we elaborate recent progress in this area, with emphasis on the patho- physiological characteristics of colon site and design strategies to take advantage of these characteristics for colon targeting.