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中国和希腊神话中众神统属关系比较
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作者 余汉华 《科技信息》 2010年第24期I0128-I0128,共1页
中国神话和希腊神话代表着东西方两种文明,是人类艺术的瑰宝。关于这两种神话,有过不同角度的比较分析。本文着重从神话内容中分析比较两种神话的统属关系异同,并剖析其中原因。
关键词 中国神话 希腊神话 统属关系
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五代时期今安徽地区建置统属考
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作者 朱玉龙 《安徽史学》 北大核心 1993年第2期15-19,共5页
五代时期,今安徽淮河以北地区,历属中原王朝。江淮之间,先属吴、南唐,后周显德五年三月,南唐献江北之地于周,亦北归中朝所有。皖南州县仍隶属南唐。淮北建置及统属关系,大体沿唐旧制,且史志记载也较明晰详备。江淮及皖南,则以南唐灭国,... 五代时期,今安徽淮河以北地区,历属中原王朝。江淮之间,先属吴、南唐,后周显德五年三月,南唐献江北之地于周,亦北归中朝所有。皖南州县仍隶属南唐。淮北建置及统属关系,大体沿唐旧制,且史志记载也较明晰详备。江淮及皖南,则以南唐灭国,文献散佚,致其置废沿革情况多阙落无闻。欧阳修撰《五代史记》,时去五代未远,已有不可悉考之叹。后出诸书,或出臆测,或据传闻,其间歧异缪误,盖可想见。职于是,本人不揣冒昧,网罗放佚。参勒比证,纂作此文,冀有以补前人之失云。 展开更多
关键词 南唐 中原王朝 十国春秋 军节度使 欧阳修 旧五代史 统属关系 建置 后周 文献散佚
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《老子》与《太一生水》关系再检讨 被引量:2
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作者 吴战洪 王红 《商丘师范学院学报》 CAS 2020年第7期1-24,共24页
研究者对《老子》与《太一生水》学理关系的争讼主要体现在四个方面:成书孰先孰后、是否同为道家文献、具体字词意义及思想内涵的异同、文本是否相统属。诸说虽多有创见,然亦存疏辨臆测之疵。笔者在前人研究的基础上,对《太一生水》残... 研究者对《老子》与《太一生水》学理关系的争讼主要体现在四个方面:成书孰先孰后、是否同为道家文献、具体字词意义及思想内涵的异同、文本是否相统属。诸说虽多有创见,然亦存疏辨臆测之疵。笔者在前人研究的基础上,对《太一生水》残坏字进行了增补,并借助前人及笔者的相关研究结论,基于"思想认识过程是由浅入深,由简到繁,由具体到抽象的"之认知规律,以及古代汉语用词"单字词(概念)产生在前,由单字词构组的复合词(概念)创用于后"的语变规律,在文本细读的基础上,详考细辨楚简、帛书《老子》与简文《太一生水》中字词意义、思想要旨及其区别与联系,进而认为:《太一生水》当成书于战国中期,且晚于同时代成书的帛书《老子》,楚简《老子》成书于春秋末期,为最早;《太一生水》与《老子》同为道家文献;《太一生水》对楚简、帛书《老子》相关内容、思想有继承、改造,更有对立性生发;鉴于前述诸学理关系,《太一生水》与《老子》各为独立文献,彼此不相统属。 展开更多
关键词 《老子》 《太一生水》 成书先后 文献性质 统属关系
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浅析明代的督抚 被引量:3
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作者 王德金 《河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 CSSCI 2001年第4期39-43,共5页
明代的总督、巡抚,属中央派遣的督察官员,自明中期开始,其体制及权力逐渐向地方大吏 演变,它不仅为清朝正式成为地方大吏奠定了坚实的基础,而且在明代政治生活中发挥举足 轻重的作用。
关键词 总督 巡抚 明代 体制 权力 行政统属关系 中央 地方
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Infrageneric and Sectional Relationships in the Genus Rhododendron (Ericaceae) Inferred from ITS Sequence Data 被引量:11
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作者 高连明 李德铢 +1 位作者 张长芹 杨俊波 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2002年第11期1351-1356,共6页
The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (including 5.8S rRNA) of 15 Rhododendron, species, representing most sections of the genus, one Ledum species and Cassiope fastigiata were sequenc... The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (including 5.8S rRNA) of 15 Rhododendron, species, representing most sections of the genus, one Ledum species and Cassiope fastigiata were sequenced. Together with the ITS sequences of 13 selected Rhododendron species and Bejaria racemosa downloaded from GenBank, we explored the infrageneric and sectional relationships of this important North Temperate genus by employing maximum-parsimony analysis using PAUP software. C. fastigiata and B. racemosa were designated as outgroups. The ITS-based tree inferred that: (1) Rhododendron was a well-supported monophyletic group, while subg. Therorhodion was basal to the rest of the genus; (2) Ledum was a member of Rhododendron, and its close relationship with the lepidote rhododendron was confirmed; (3) the lepidote rhododendron plus Ledum formed a strongly-supported monophyletic clade which was sister to the rest of the elepidote rhododendron; (4) the elepidote rhododendron formed a weakly-supported clade within which the monophyly of subg. Hynwrianthes and subg. Tsutsusi were strongly supported, while subg. Pentanthera and subg. Azaleastrum were polyphyletic; and (5) the monophyly of sect. Choniastnini, (subg. Azaleastrum) was strongly-supported, while subg. Tsutsusi could be sister to a weakly-supported clade composed of two sampled species of sect. Azaleastrum (subg. Azaleastrum) together with R. sentibarbatum, of subg. Mumeazalea. 展开更多
关键词 RHODODENDRON internal transcribed spacer (ITS) PHYLOGENY infrageneric relationships
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Phylogenetic Relationships of Caragana(Fabaceae) by the Use of nrITS Sequences 被引量:2
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作者 康红梅 白娟 +1 位作者 陈康 王刚 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第1期36-39,共4页
[Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships of Cara- gana (Fabaceae) by the use of nrlTS sequences. [Method] Internal transcribed spac- er (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) f... [Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships of Cara- gana (Fabaceae) by the use of nrlTS sequences. [Method] Internal transcribed spac- er (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) from 29 taxa of Caragana species and seven close relatives (all belong to Astralinae (Adens) Benth) were used for phylogenetic analysis. [Result] Length of the entire ITS region ranges from 611 to 614 bp in Caragana species. The aligned sequences nrlTS of Caragana are 655 bp, and 170 sites are variable, with 107 phylogenetically informative sites. The phylogenetically informative sites are 16.3% of the total aligned sequences. The ITS sequences data are useful to resolve some relationships at lower taxonomic levels within Caragana. The Caragana Fabr. is not a monophyletic group with very close connection with Calophaca tianschanica. The ITS data revealed that the species of Sect. tragacanthoides were dispersed in MP tree or ME tree. Although the morphol- ogy of C. ordosica is similar to C. tibetica, the ITS results revealed an unexpectedly close relativeship to C. roborovskyi. The ITS data also indicate C. davazamcii, C. korshinskii, C. intermedia, and C. microphylla are different species. [Conclusion] ITS sequences have an important reference value in exploring the relationships of Cara- gana. 展开更多
关键词 Caragana Fabr. ITS sequence Phylogenetic relationships
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The Phylogenetic Relationships among Four Subspecies of the Genus Locusta Based on Sequences of Three Subunit of Cytochrome Oxidase 被引量:3
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作者 张道川 王健学 智永超 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2011年第2期244-248,共5页
[Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships among four subspecies of the genus Locusta.[Method] The sequences of three subunits of cytochrome oxidase of Locusta migratoria tibetensis and Locusta ... [Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships among four subspecies of the genus Locusta.[Method] The sequences of three subunits of cytochrome oxidase of Locusta migratoria tibetensis and Locusta migratoria manilensis were amplified and sequenced(COⅠ 1 539 bp,COⅡ 684 bp,CO Ⅲ 792 bp,with the total of 3 015 bp).The corresponding sequenses of Locusta migratoria migratoria and Locusta migratoria migratorioides were obtained from GenBank and constructed a multiple alignment.Phylogenic trees of four subspecies of L.migratoria were constructed by Neighbor-Joining,Maximum-parsimony and Bayesian,respectively.[Result] The average content of A + T in three subunits of four subspecies was 69.57%;the third site of codon showed the highest A + T content,and the COⅠ had the highest A + T content(87.6%);The nucleotide substitution mainly occurred at the third site of codon,and the nucleotide replacement rate of CO Ⅱ was the highest.The second site of codon was conservative,so the replacement rate was in the range of 5.9%-15%.The start codon of COⅠ was CCG or ACG.Genetic distances among four subspecies were ranged from 0.001 to 0.076.The relationship between L.m.tibetensis and Locusta migratoria manilensis was the closest,followed by L.m.migratorioides and L.m.migratorioides,while the genetic distance between L.m.tibetensis and L.m.migratorioides was the largest.[Conclusion] The phylogenetic relationships among four subspecies of Locusta migratoria is L.m.tibetensis,L.m.manilensis,L.m.migratoria,L.m.migratorioides. 展开更多
关键词 LOCUSTA SUBSPECIES Phylogenetic relationship MITOCHONDRION Cytochrome oxidase
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Phylogenetic Relationships among 12 Species of Tetrigidae (Orthoptera:Tetrigoidea) Based on Partial Sequences of 12S and 16S Ribosomal RNA 被引量:11
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作者 陈爱辉 蒋国芳 《Zoological Research》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第6期510-514,共5页
Mitochondrial 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA genes sequences were sequenced using dye-labeled terminator on an ABI 377 automated sequencer in 11 individuals and 1 species' sequences were gained from GenBank,representin... Mitochondrial 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA genes sequences were sequenced using dye-labeled terminator on an ABI 377 automated sequencer in 11 individuals and 1 species' sequences were gained from GenBank,representing 6 genera of family Tetrigidae.The collated sequences were aligned using Clustal X version 1.81 and then,the sequence variability and heredity distances based on Kimura 2-parameter model were calculated using Mega 2.1.In obtained sequences (736 bp),the average A+T content is 73.9%,ranging from 71.2% to 77.5%;the overall G+C content is 26.1%,ranging from 22.5% to 28.8%.Based on alignment of the combined sequences,185 parsimony-informative sites were revealed in 755 available base pairs.Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using NJ,MP and ML methods with Cylindraustralia kochii as outgroup.The results indicated that the monophyletic nature of Tetrix is questioned and suggest that T.tubercarina may be given tribal rank.Our results also show that Coptltettix huanjiangensis and C.gongshanensis are the same species,i.e.Coptltettix gongshanensis Zheng,and C.huanjiangensis is the synonyms of C.gongshanensis. 展开更多
关键词 TETRIGIDAE Phylogeny 12S rRNA gene 16S rRNA gene
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五行的多元发展观
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作者 徐唐龄 《民主与科学》 1994年第2期23-24,共2页
五行的多元发展观徐唐龄先民对宇宙的认识有个深化过程,而且由于信息的交流和反馈受到当时物质媒体的限制,认识的程度又是参差不齐的。"道生一、一生二、二生三、三生万物"。这种算术级数的增加,是《老子》的发展观。而"一阴一阳... 五行的多元发展观徐唐龄先民对宇宙的认识有个深化过程,而且由于信息的交流和反馈受到当时物质媒体的限制,认识的程度又是参差不齐的。"道生一、一生二、二生三、三生万物"。这种算术级数的增加,是《老子》的发展观。而"一阴一阳之谓道";"易有太极、是生两仪。两... 展开更多
关键词 多元发展 发展观 《白虎通义》 五行学说 《老子》 两点论 《汉书·艺文志》 统属关系 五行相生 一阴一阳之谓道
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清代官丈书浅谈
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作者 王维阁 《兰台世界(上旬)》 1996年第4期36-36,共1页
清代官丈书浅谈王维阁清代历史官文书保存到现在的,数量巨大,种类繁多。其中包括皇帝诏令文书、臣工上奏文书、官府行移文书和其它专门文书。皇帝诏今文书主要有制、诏、诰、敕、谕、旨等。制,本为帝王之言,在古代皇帝发布的语敕等... 清代官丈书浅谈王维阁清代历史官文书保存到现在的,数量巨大,种类繁多。其中包括皇帝诏令文书、臣工上奏文书、官府行移文书和其它专门文书。皇帝诏今文书主要有制、诏、诰、敕、谕、旨等。制,本为帝王之言,在古代皇帝发布的语敕等文书中,其开头语往往用“奉天承运,... 展开更多
关键词 官文书 清会典 上级官员 下级官员 传递者 军机处 外交文书 统属关系 官府 中书科
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First record of Bursaphelenchus rainulfi on pine trees from eastern China and its phylogenetic relationship with intro-genus species 被引量:5
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作者 JIANG Li-qin LI Xu-qing ZHENG Jing-wu 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第5期345-351,共7页
Bursaphelenchus rainulfi isolated from dead pine trees in Zbejiang, China, is described and illustrated. It also provided some molecular characters of the Chinese population, including the PCR-RFLP and sequences of IT... Bursaphelenchus rainulfi isolated from dead pine trees in Zbejiang, China, is described and illustrated. It also provided some molecular characters of the Chinese population, including the PCR-RFLP and sequences of ITS region and D2-D3 expansion region of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene. Both the morphological characters and ITS-RFLP patterns match with the original description. The phylogenetic trees based on the 13 sequences of D2-D3 expansion region of the LSU rRNA gene and ITS region of Bursaphelenchus species were constructed, respectively, with the results showing the similar clades. The phylogenetic relationship based on the molecular data is similar to that with morphological characters. This is the first report of the species on pine wood in eastern China. 展开更多
关键词 Bursaphelenchus rainulfi Pine wood Morphology MORPHOMETRICS ITS-RFLP PHYLOGENY
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A Deadlock-Avoidance Dispatching Method for Multiple-Load AGVs Based Transportation System 被引量:2
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作者 XIAO Haining WU Xing +1 位作者 ZOU Ting ZHAI Jingjing 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI CSCD 2021年第1期181-192,共12页
In recent years,multiple-load automatic guided vehicle(AGV)is increasingly used in the logistics transportation fields,owing to the advantages of smaller fleet size and fewer occurrences of traffic congestion.However,... In recent years,multiple-load automatic guided vehicle(AGV)is increasingly used in the logistics transportation fields,owing to the advantages of smaller fleet size and fewer occurrences of traffic congestion.However,one main challenge lies in the deadlock-avoidance for the dispatching process of a multiple-load AGV system.To prevent the system from falling into a deadlock,a strategy of keeping the number of jobs in the system(NJIS)at a low level is adopted in most existing literatures.It is noteworthy that a low-level NJIS will make the processing machine easier to be starved,thereby reducing the system efficiency unavoidably.The motivation of the paper is to develop a deadlock-avoidance dispatching method for a multiple-load AGV system operating at a high NJIS level.Firstly,the deadlock-avoidance dispatching method is devised by incorporating a deadlock-avoidance strategy into a dispatching procedure that contains four sub-problems.In this strategy,critical tasks are recognized according to the status of workstation buffers,and then temporarily forbidden to avoid potential deadlocks.Secondly,three multiattribute dispatching rules are designed for system efficiency,where both the traveling distance and the buffer status are taken into account.Finally,a simulation system is developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed deadlock-avoidance strategy and dispatching rules at different NJIS levels.The experimental results demonstrate that our deadlock-avoidance dispatching method can improve the system efficiency at a high NJIS level and the adaptability to various system settings,while still avoiding potential deadlocks. 展开更多
关键词 automatic guided vehicle(AGV)dispatching deadlock avoidance multiple-load AGV system critical tasks multi-attribute rules
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Blood is not always thicker than water:The limited effect of kin selection on human kinship in the traditional Chinese family 被引量:1
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作者 Lixing Sun 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第2期182-189,共8页
To examine the importance of kin selection in shaping human societies, this study analyzed the kinship system practiced in traditional China for two millennia and teased apart its underlying genetic and other, presuma... To examine the importance of kin selection in shaping human societies, this study analyzed the kinship system practiced in traditional China for two millennia and teased apart its underlying genetic and other, presumably cultural, components. The results demonstrate that, in the traditional patrilineal Chinese family, both genetic relatedness and the cultural factor of generation were important in determining kinship status for male agnates (genetically related relatives). For female agnates, however, only genetic relatedness was important. Another surprising finding was that the influence of gender was not as important as genetic relatedness. The most interesting finding in this study, however, was that kin selection and culture (i.e., seniority in generation and age) played vastly different roles in different lineages in the Chinese family: for collateral (indirect) agnates, genetic relatedness was the most important factor in determining their kinship status, but for lineal (direct) agnates, its importance was overridden by seniority in generation and age, a cultural factor. Several other bio-cultural factors also explained a considerable amount of variance in kinship status. Since kinship profoundly affected, and was often the foundation of, the legal and social systems in dynastic China, kin selection, while its strength may differ remarkably between lineal and collateral relatives, could act as a selective force in Chinese families 展开更多
关键词 KINSHIP Kin selection Genetic relatedness Chinese family Culture
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A Discussion of University Personnel Agency from the Perspective of All Participators
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作者 WANG Zhaobing WANG Zhe WEI Fang 《International Journal of Technology Management》 2013年第4期22-23,共2页
This thesis makes an analysis of the influence of the implementation of university personnel agency on three participators of universities, agency, and agency personnel. It is pointed out those personnel agency of the... This thesis makes an analysis of the influence of the implementation of university personnel agency on three participators of universities, agency, and agency personnel. It is pointed out those personnel agency of the current period is mainly transforming fi'om "personnel relations agency" to "household register relation affiliation" in terms of initial system design intention. Finally, it proposes that we should further improve the existing university personnel agency system, so as to eliminate the adverse effects on all parties. 展开更多
关键词 UNIVERSITY Personnel agency AGENCY Participator
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唐代藩镇军将职级考略 被引量:38
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作者 张国刚 《学术月刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 1989年第5期71-76,81,共7页
唐代藩镇军将,严耕望先生在《唐代方镇使府僚佐考》一文中有精审的研究.他考证出藩镇军将有:(1)都知兵马使,(2)左右厢后院等兵马使,(3)虞侯、都虞侯,(4)押衙、都押衙,(5)教练使、都教练使。本人将在此基础上进一步讨论两个问题。第一,... 唐代藩镇军将,严耕望先生在《唐代方镇使府僚佐考》一文中有精审的研究.他考证出藩镇军将有:(1)都知兵马使,(2)左右厢后院等兵马使,(3)虞侯、都虞侯,(4)押衙、都押衙,(5)教练使、都教练使。本人将在此基础上进一步讨论两个问题。第一,主兵大将的职级划分。亦即在兵马使、押衙、虞侯三者的平面关系之外,研究一些领兵军将的上下级统属关系。第二,对严文未曾注意的一些藩镇军职予以补证。 展开更多
关键词 职级 藩镇 唐代前期 押衙 教练 胡三省 节度使 统属关系 李商隐 李德裕
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金代女真官制的演变道路 被引量:3
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作者 刘庆 《民族研究》 1987年第2期57-63,共7页
女真官制是金王朝的统治民族——女真族特有的政治制度,主要由金廷勃极烈制度和地方的猛安谋克制度构成。它产生于女真人由氏族社会向奴隶社会急剧转化时期,随着步入封建社会和官制的完全汉化最后走向消亡。我们从世袭制度、王廷机构的... 女真官制是金王朝的统治民族——女真族特有的政治制度,主要由金廷勃极烈制度和地方的猛安谋克制度构成。它产生于女真人由氏族社会向奴隶社会急剧转化时期,随着步入封建社会和官制的完全汉化最后走向消亡。我们从世袭制度、王廷机构的内部关系、王廷与地方的统属关系以及选官原则诸方面考察,可以看出金代官制大体经历了“诸部分治”和“宗室共治”这样颇具特色的历史阶段,最终走向“皇权专制”。兹分述如下。 展开更多
关键词 官制 女真族 金代 猛安谋克制度 统属关系 皇权专制 世袭制度 女真人 奴隶社会 氏族社会
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香港修改《银行业条例》的一点启示 被引量:1
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作者 刘中 《金融博览》 2002年第8期18-18,共1页
<条例>的重要修改 香港<2001年银行业(修订)条例>(以下简称<条例>)于今年5月开始实行.<条例>除在营业地点、网上存款广告等方面作了修订外,对委任高级管理人员(经理)的监管制度也进行了更新.
关键词 高级管理人员 委任 任职资格管理 香港 金融 财政金融 行政总裁 银行业 划分标准 统属关系
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Digital Soil Mapping Using Artificial Neural Networks and Terrain-Related Attributes 被引量:3
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作者 Mohsen BAGHERI BODAGHABADI José Antonio MARTINEZ-CASASNOVAS +4 位作者 Mohammad Hasan SALEHI Jahangard MOHAMMADI Isa ESFANDIARPOOR BORUJENI Norair TOOMANIAN Amir GANDOMKAR 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第4期580-591,共12页
Detailed soil surveys involve costly and time-consuming work and require expert knowledge. Since soil surveys provide information to meet a wide range of needs, new methods are necessary to map soils quickly and accur... Detailed soil surveys involve costly and time-consuming work and require expert knowledge. Since soil surveys provide information to meet a wide range of needs, new methods are necessary to map soils quickly and accurately. In this study, multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks(ANNs) were developed to map soil units using digital elevation model(DEM) attributes. Several optimal ANNs were produced based on a number of input data and hidden units. The approach used test and validation areas to calculate the accuracy of interpolated and extrapolated data. The results showed that the system and level of soil classification employed had a direct effect on the accuracy of the results. At the lowest level, smaller errors were observed with the World Reference Base(WRB)classification criteria than the Soil Taxonomy(ST) system, but more soil classes could be predicted when using ST(7 soils in the case of ST vs. 5 with WRB). Training errors were below 11% for all the ANN models applied, while the test error(interpolation error) and validation error(extrapolation error) were as high as 50% and 70%, respectively. As expected, soil prediction using a higher level of classification presented a better overall level of accuracy. To obtain better predictions, in addition to DEM attributes, data related to landforms and/or lithology as soil-forming factors, should be used as ANN input data. 展开更多
关键词 digital elevation model attributes multilayer perceptron soil classification soil-forming factors soil survey
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