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教育实证研究不可陷入“统计主义”窠臼 被引量:28
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作者 李均 《高等教育研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2018年第11期64-70,共7页
"统计主义"是当前教育实证研究中值得警惕的错误倾向。"统计主义"将教育实证研究窄化为"教育统计研究",将教育研究过程简化为统计学的操作过程,而对难以量化的教育思想、价值、情感等采取排斥态度。"... "统计主义"是当前教育实证研究中值得警惕的错误倾向。"统计主义"将教育实证研究窄化为"教育统计研究",将教育研究过程简化为统计学的操作过程,而对难以量化的教育思想、价值、情感等采取排斥态度。"统计主义"的实质是:方法中心,问题边缘;数据中心,事实边缘;格式中心,思想边缘。"统计主义"可能造成的风险是:教育学者"工匠化",教育理论"符号化",学科使命"空心化"。"统计主义"的产生与实证研究中的功利主义和实用主义倾向密不可分,体现了中国教育学的"三重依附性"特征。应通过重审"实证研究"的内涵、重构教育学的"教育学性"、重塑教育学的"想象力"等路径来消解对"统计主义"的执着。 展开更多
关键词 统计主义 实质 风险 消解
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深入学习贯彻党的十九大精神 推动新时代统计工作再上新台阶 被引量:4
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作者 宁吉喆 《人民论坛》 CSSCI 北大核心 2017年第33期6-9,共4页
统计事业是党和国家的重要事业,统计工作是经济社会发展的重要综合性基础性工作,统计数据是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要基础。统计部门将深入学习贯彻党的十九大精神,坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引,深刻把... 统计事业是党和国家的重要事业,统计工作是经济社会发展的重要综合性基础性工作,统计数据是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要基础。统计部门将深入学习贯彻党的十九大精神,坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引,深刻把握新时代统计改革发展新形势新任务新要求,努力把科学理论之"魂"融入统计改革发展之"体",奋力谱写新时代统计事业新篇章。 展开更多
关键词 新时代 中国特色社会主义 统计工作
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穆困境与科学检验的复杂性——认识论视角下的社会学方法论讨论 被引量:1
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作者 吕涛 《学术研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第6期36-42,159,共7页
基于对社会网络同质性以及"使用关系"的自我选择性偏误的考虑,利用追踪数据的固定效应模型,穆(Mouw)获得了否定主流社会资本因果理论的证据,但作者仍做出肯定的结论。"穆困境"反映了遵循假说—演绎—检验模式的现... 基于对社会网络同质性以及"使用关系"的自我选择性偏误的考虑,利用追踪数据的固定效应模型,穆(Mouw)获得了否定主流社会资本因果理论的证据,但作者仍做出肯定的结论。"穆困境"反映了遵循假说—演绎—检验模式的现代社会学经验研究的方法论,过于偏执发现经验事实的技术取向,而对认识论视角下科学检验进程中潜在复杂性的忽视。识别社会资本因果理论的逻辑结构,构建不同因果关系类型的社会资本因果理论,是化解"穆困境"的首要工作。科学检验的复杂性要求经验研究在慎思发现事实的技术合理性的同时,也应给予理论构建工作同样的警醒。 展开更多
关键词 穆困境 科学检验的复杂性 统计主义
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从“凯恩斯批判”到“卢卡斯批判”——论经济计量学批判史上的两大批判
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作者 张德政 《西部学刊》 2023年第6期50-54,共5页
自经济计量学诞生起,理论经济学家对经济计量学的严肃批判就绵绵不绝。在经济计量学批判史上,“凯恩斯批判”和“卢卡斯批判”是最为著名的两大批判。根据这两大批判,可以将迄今为止的经济计量学发展史划分为“前古典”“古典”和“后... 自经济计量学诞生起,理论经济学家对经济计量学的严肃批判就绵绵不绝。在经济计量学批判史上,“凯恩斯批判”和“卢卡斯批判”是最为著名的两大批判。根据这两大批判,可以将迄今为止的经济计量学发展史划分为“前古典”“古典”和“后古典”三个阶段。通过转换统计推断技术的具体发展方向,经济计量学从局部修补了凯恩斯和卢卡斯所揭示的若干疑难问题,但并未解决这门学科与生俱来的逻辑缺陷。“后古典经济计量学”在西方主流经济学界强势崛起的直接后果,是“经济学帝国主义”让位于“统计学帝国主义”。“统计学帝国主义”抬高了经济学科研与教育工作者的从业门槛,但给经济学这门学科带来的智慧贡献却乏善可陈。 展开更多
关键词 经济计量学 凯恩斯批判 卢卡斯批判 统计学帝国主义
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实证研究如何向“真”--以“教育实证研究优秀成果奖”获奖学术论文为例 被引量:5
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作者 钟柏昌 刘晓凡 《电化教育研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第9期12-19,共8页
实证研究是教育研究的一个重要研究范式。为探究教育领域在实证研究方法的设计和应用上存在哪些重要的失“真”,文章以40篇“教育实证研究优秀成果奖”获奖学术论文为研究样本,经统计分析后发现如下问题:数据收集方法的简单化与单一化... 实证研究是教育研究的一个重要研究范式。为探究教育领域在实证研究方法的设计和应用上存在哪些重要的失“真”,文章以40篇“教育实证研究优秀成果奖”获奖学术论文为研究样本,经统计分析后发现如下问题:数据收集方法的简单化与单一化、质性研究的“标签化”“重调查轻实验”“统计主义”误区等。由此衍生出重数据和模型建构、轻理论和思想创新的实证研究倾向,导致教育学术研究缺少厚重性和创新性,演变为一种“轻”研究,走向内卷化。有效解决上述问题,需要把好教育实证研究的入口和出口关,促进教育实证研究的多元化,重视因果关系的探寻和理论创新,遵循实证研究结论外推的基本逻辑,发挥实证研究中综述与讨论的价值。 展开更多
关键词 实证研究 研究方法 研究规范 结论外推 统计主义
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Understanding Environmental Worldview of Famagusta Residents and Its Determinants through Survey Research
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作者 Buket Asilsoy Derya Oktay 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2016年第5期544-552,共9页
Environmental attitude studies have been a key focus within the environmental research field, as the significance of ecological citizenship for the sustainable development discourse has been highly recognized in recen... Environmental attitude studies have been a key focus within the environmental research field, as the significance of ecological citizenship for the sustainable development discourse has been highly recognized in recent years. In this context, the influence of demographic variables on environmental attitude is an emerging issue that is widely investigated in the west. In this respect, this paper seeks to understand the impact of demographic variables on the environmental worldview of Famagusta residents in order to make a scientific contribution to the possible construction of relevant strategies. A random sample of 165 residents within the territory of Famagusta Municipality was chosen for the survey. The survey tapped the relationship between environmental (ecocentric and anthropocentric) attitudes and selected demographic variables (age, gender, education and household income) and the survey results were evaluated with the help of SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) analyses. The findings reveal that younger respondents, women and the highly educated do not achieve higher scores of environmental attitudes and household income has a statistically significant nonlinear effect. 展开更多
关键词 Environmental worldview demographic variables survey research Famagusta.
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Study on Traditional Furniture Design Using Emotionalism Theory
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作者 Qu Zhenbo Zhang Qingchao 《International Journal of Technology Management》 2015年第3期1-3,共3页
In face to the phenomenon of program, indifference and lack of emotion in furniture design. In this paper, through the analysis of various factors that trigger users' emotional experience, research the specific point... In face to the phenomenon of program, indifference and lack of emotion in furniture design. In this paper, through the analysis of various factors that trigger users' emotional experience, research the specific point of the emotional design classification. According to the furniture design propose the traditional furniture design creative model and design method for the modem life. From the perspective of the specific case, gives the detailed process of modem furniture design and implementation methods, for obtain the results of outstanding design put forward specific ways. 展开更多
关键词 emotional design traditional furniture design design method emotional experience
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A Framework for Non-Equilibrium Statistical Ensemble Theory
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作者 毕桥 何祖坦 刘杰 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第7期99-106,共8页
Since Gibbs synthesized a general equilibrium statistical ensemble theory, many theorists have attempted to generalized the Gibbsian theory to non-equilibrium phenomena domain, however the status of the theory of non-... Since Gibbs synthesized a general equilibrium statistical ensemble theory, many theorists have attempted to generalized the Gibbsian theory to non-equilibrium phenomena domain, however the status of the theory of non-equilibrium phenomena can not be said as firm as well established as the Gibbsian ensemble theory. In this work, we present a framework for the non-equilibrium statistical ensemble formalism based on a subdynamic kinetic equation (SKE) rooted from the Brussels-Austin school and followed by some up-to-date works. The constructed key is to use a similarity transformation between Gibbsian ensembles formalism based on Liouville equation and the subdynamic ensemble formalism based on the SKE. Using this formalism, we study the spin-Boson system, as cases of weak coupling or strongly coupling, and obtain the reduced density operators for the Canonical ensembles easily. 展开更多
关键词 SUBDYNAMICS statistical ensemble non-equilibrium statistical physics
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The Strict Swedish vs. the Loose Dutch System for Regulations on Prostitution and Drug Use
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作者 Peter Sarkany 《Journal of Mathematics and System Science》 2012年第1期26-35,共10页
The author's research topics include economic and legal questions concerning prostitution and drug use. There are two extreme models in these two areas, one represented by Sweden and the other by the Netherlands. Swe... The author's research topics include economic and legal questions concerning prostitution and drug use. There are two extreme models in these two areas, one represented by Sweden and the other by the Netherlands. Sweden votes for the model of a "prostitution and drug free society", while the latter represents a looser, more liberal view. This presentation aims to answer the question whether the statistics support the presumptions of either model. To shed light on these issues, facts and figures published by the Swedish and Dutch statistics offices as well as other studies on the subject were analyzed. During the course of the past few decades. the income from the prostitution and drug markets in Sweden was virtually unchanged. This may be considered as a failure: prostitution and drug use could not be decreased further. It may also be considered as an achievement: while these two markets were growing in many countries, at least in the case of Sweden the situation did not become worse. It seems that the liberal regulation of drugs and prostitution in the Netherlands has not been a successful venture. It is no wonder that there are plans for changes and limitations to the prostitution sector with new regulations, although complete prohibition has not been raised as an issue. The consumption of drugs has been increasing. In this respect, alongside the liberal stance on the issue, increasing emphasis is placed on deterrence from light drugs. 展开更多
关键词 Prohibitive policy of prostitution and drug liberal approach of prostitution and drug the countries of the Visegrad Group Sweden and the Netherlands.
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On the systematic bias in the estimation of black hole masses in active galactic nuclei 被引量:1
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作者 WANG JianGuo DONG XiaoBo 《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第3期584-588,共5页
In this report, we find the MBH estimated from the formalism of Wang et al. are more consistent with those from the MBH-δ, relation than those from previous single-epoch mass estimators, using a large sample of AGNs.... In this report, we find the MBH estimated from the formalism of Wang et al. are more consistent with those from the MBH-δ, relation than those from previous single-epoch mass estimators, using a large sample of AGNs. Furthermore, we examine the differences between the line widths of Hβ and Mg II in detail by comparing their line profiles. The flux around the line core and that in the wing of both Hβ and Mg II show an opposite variation tendency, which indicates the BLR is multi-componential. The contribution of the wing makes the FWHM deviate from δline, and thus bias the MBH estimated from previous single-epoch mass estimators. Thus the correction on the formalism suggested by Wang et al. is crucial to MBn estimation. 展开更多
关键词 QUASARS galactic nuclei MASSES statistical and correlative studies of properties
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