In order to improve the generalization ability of binary decision trees, a new learning algorithm, the MMDT algorithm, is presented. Based on statistical learning theory the generalization performance of binary decisi...In order to improve the generalization ability of binary decision trees, a new learning algorithm, the MMDT algorithm, is presented. Based on statistical learning theory the generalization performance of binary decision trees is analyzed, and the assessment rule is proposed. Under the direction of the assessment rule, the MMDT algorithm is implemented. The algorithm maps training examples from an original space to a high dimension feature space, and constructs a decision tree in it. In the feature space, a new decision node splitting criterion, the max-min rule, is used, and the margin of each decision node is maximized using a support vector machine, to improve the generalization performance. Experimental results show that the new learning algorithm is much superior to others such as C4. 5 and OCI.展开更多
Accurately identifying network traffics at the early stage is very important for the application of traffic identification.Recent years,more and more research works have tried to build effective machine learning model...Accurately identifying network traffics at the early stage is very important for the application of traffic identification.Recent years,more and more research works have tried to build effective machine learning models to identify traffics with the few packets at the early stage.However,a basic and important problem is still unresolved,that is how many packets are most effective in early stage traffic identification.In this paper,we try to resolve this problem using experimental methods.We firstly extract the packet size of the first 2-10 packets of 3 traffic data sets.And then execute crossover identification experiments with different numbers of packets using 11 well-known machine learning classifiers.Finally,statistical tests are applied to find out which number is the best performed one.Our experimental results show that 5-7are the best packet numbers for early stage traffic identification.展开更多
In recent years, research emphasis in the field of SLA (second language acquisition) has shifted to the study of the learning process and behaviors of learners than that of teachers. Researches concerning the learn...In recent years, research emphasis in the field of SLA (second language acquisition) has shifted to the study of the learning process and behaviors of learners than that of teachers. Researches concerning the learners' language learning strategies and learning styles have been conducted in different cultural backgrounds. However, comparatively speaking, there are few studies focusing on the relationship between language learning strategies and learning style preferences in English learning among Chinese students. This paper elaborates on the research questions and hypotheses according to the English Learning Questionnaire, which consists primarily of SILL (Strategy Inventory for Language Learning) (Oxford, 1990) and PLSP (Perceptual Learning Style Preference) Survey (Reid, 1987) to identify their English learning strategy uses and learning style preferences. Then, with statistical analysis (by SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions)) of the results of the questionnaire, discussions are made on the correlation between learning strategies, learning style preferences, and their gender differences, followed by pedagogical implications for English teaching and learning in the university settings in China.展开更多
This is a study of the feasibility and effects of teaching listening with films and TV programs. The research is a part of the English Learning Program directed by ZHANG Zhen, which is sponsored by Academic Affairs Of...This is a study of the feasibility and effects of teaching listening with films and TV programs. The research is a part of the English Learning Program directed by ZHANG Zhen, which is sponsored by Academic Affairs Office of Leshan Normal University. The researcher of the program sought for theretical bases from Krashen's Input Hypothesis, the Motivation Theory, the Context Theory, and the Communicative Language Teaching Theory. Then the author introduced a pilot study conducted by utilizing films or TV programs to teach listening from September 2010 till now. The statistic results from the experiment suggest that there is indeed some correlations between teaching listening with films or TV programs and a learner's listening comprehension in general in language achievement tests at certain stages. The scores of the students from the experimental group are improved after two years of teaching with the new methods. Analyses and discussions have been done based on a questionnaire and an interview. The results showed that both the teachers and the students had positive attitudes towards teaching listening with films or TV programs. Most of them view this method as an effective way in ELT (English language teaching), because it provides more opportunities for contextual practice, lower their anxiety; it can also help to motivate them, stimulate their active participation and increase their activities as well. Therefore, this method can be used to cultivate students' communicative competence. Consequently, we can draw the conclusion that this method has some advantages over teaching listening with the pre-taped materials in New College English. It may play an important role in ELT, especially in listening teaching. Based on the statistic analyses and the survey, some activities and techniques are provided for the teacher on how to teach listening with films or TV programs. The roles that an English teacher plays in this method are illustrated at the end of the thesis.展开更多
The aim of this study was to improve EFL learners' English listening and speaking skills at a State University in Turkey, School of Foreign Languages, Department of Basic English B1 and BI+ groups through task-based...The aim of this study was to improve EFL learners' English listening and speaking skills at a State University in Turkey, School of Foreign Languages, Department of Basic English B1 and BI+ groups through task-based activities. The participants were 56 in total, studying in the academic year of 2014-2015 Spring Fall. The instruments used for collecting data were 16 lesson plans and the speaking and listening quiz results as post-tests. The data were statistically analyzed by mean, max, and min values of the scores. Teaching process and the lesson plans were recorded by researcher then presented in essay form. After the implementation and the post-tests, the participants' opinions about the task were collected as an interview. The results of the study showed that B1 groups did not get significant results from listening test and get nearly significant scores from speaking test while the listening and speaking results of BI+ groups through task-based learning after the implementations were highly significant, which shows that their participation in the task-based activities in the classroom reflected the results positively. Also the students' opinions about task-based learning and teaching activities were respectively positive. As a result, it can be said that task-based activities play a significant role in improving listening and speaking skills in EFL settings.展开更多
There have been great improvements in English teaching in China since the adoption of the New National English Curriculum, however, there are still some problems in western Sichuan province in China. Silent class is f...There have been great improvements in English teaching in China since the adoption of the New National English Curriculum, however, there are still some problems in western Sichuan province in China. Silent class is found through the author's observation of some English lessons in some senior schools. This paper analyzes the situation of classroom interaction in English teaching in southwestern China and explores the reasons of silent class based on the analysis of the statistics drawn from questionnaires. The reasons are illustrated from three perspectives: teacher-centered class, exercises-based teaching, and learners' instrument learning motivation. The author suggests some proposals to solve the problems, such as changes of teachers' roles, creation of stress-free learning environment, and use of task-based teaching, which aims to make teachers consider using interactive language teaching to cultivate learners' whole abilities and to improve the efficiency of teaching and learning.展开更多
Since 1958 the United States Watson research center designed the world' s first computer teaching system, the history of computer technology in education has lasted for over 40 years, with the beginning of digitized ...Since 1958 the United States Watson research center designed the world' s first computer teaching system, the history of computer technology in education has lasted for over 40 years, with the beginning of digitized audio and global network as a symbol of the information age, the rapid development of multimedia network technology' s application crosses various fields, like other areas, foreign language teaching also benefit. January 2004, Department of Higher Education issued a "College English Curriculum Requirements" (Trial), which clearly states: "It should make full use of opportunities of multimedia, network technology development which is brought about by the introduction of new teaching model to improve the original teachers' single classroom teaching mode. The new model should be based on modern information technology support, especially network technology, the English teaching towards individualized learning, independent of time and place restrictions learning, active learning direction. "展开更多
文摘In order to improve the generalization ability of binary decision trees, a new learning algorithm, the MMDT algorithm, is presented. Based on statistical learning theory the generalization performance of binary decision trees is analyzed, and the assessment rule is proposed. Under the direction of the assessment rule, the MMDT algorithm is implemented. The algorithm maps training examples from an original space to a high dimension feature space, and constructs a decision tree in it. In the feature space, a new decision node splitting criterion, the max-min rule, is used, and the margin of each decision node is maximized using a support vector machine, to improve the generalization performance. Experimental results show that the new learning algorithm is much superior to others such as C4. 5 and OCI.
基金This research was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No.61472164,No.61402475,No.61173078,No.61203105,No.61173079,No.61070130,and No.60903176,the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong under grant No.ZR2012FM010,No.ZR2011FZ001,No.ZR2010FM047,No.ZR2010FQ028 and No.ZR2012FQ016
文摘Accurately identifying network traffics at the early stage is very important for the application of traffic identification.Recent years,more and more research works have tried to build effective machine learning models to identify traffics with the few packets at the early stage.However,a basic and important problem is still unresolved,that is how many packets are most effective in early stage traffic identification.In this paper,we try to resolve this problem using experimental methods.We firstly extract the packet size of the first 2-10 packets of 3 traffic data sets.And then execute crossover identification experiments with different numbers of packets using 11 well-known machine learning classifiers.Finally,statistical tests are applied to find out which number is the best performed one.Our experimental results show that 5-7are the best packet numbers for early stage traffic identification.
文摘In recent years, research emphasis in the field of SLA (second language acquisition) has shifted to the study of the learning process and behaviors of learners than that of teachers. Researches concerning the learners' language learning strategies and learning styles have been conducted in different cultural backgrounds. However, comparatively speaking, there are few studies focusing on the relationship between language learning strategies and learning style preferences in English learning among Chinese students. This paper elaborates on the research questions and hypotheses according to the English Learning Questionnaire, which consists primarily of SILL (Strategy Inventory for Language Learning) (Oxford, 1990) and PLSP (Perceptual Learning Style Preference) Survey (Reid, 1987) to identify their English learning strategy uses and learning style preferences. Then, with statistical analysis (by SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions)) of the results of the questionnaire, discussions are made on the correlation between learning strategies, learning style preferences, and their gender differences, followed by pedagogical implications for English teaching and learning in the university settings in China.
文摘This is a study of the feasibility and effects of teaching listening with films and TV programs. The research is a part of the English Learning Program directed by ZHANG Zhen, which is sponsored by Academic Affairs Office of Leshan Normal University. The researcher of the program sought for theretical bases from Krashen's Input Hypothesis, the Motivation Theory, the Context Theory, and the Communicative Language Teaching Theory. Then the author introduced a pilot study conducted by utilizing films or TV programs to teach listening from September 2010 till now. The statistic results from the experiment suggest that there is indeed some correlations between teaching listening with films or TV programs and a learner's listening comprehension in general in language achievement tests at certain stages. The scores of the students from the experimental group are improved after two years of teaching with the new methods. Analyses and discussions have been done based on a questionnaire and an interview. The results showed that both the teachers and the students had positive attitudes towards teaching listening with films or TV programs. Most of them view this method as an effective way in ELT (English language teaching), because it provides more opportunities for contextual practice, lower their anxiety; it can also help to motivate them, stimulate their active participation and increase their activities as well. Therefore, this method can be used to cultivate students' communicative competence. Consequently, we can draw the conclusion that this method has some advantages over teaching listening with the pre-taped materials in New College English. It may play an important role in ELT, especially in listening teaching. Based on the statistic analyses and the survey, some activities and techniques are provided for the teacher on how to teach listening with films or TV programs. The roles that an English teacher plays in this method are illustrated at the end of the thesis.
文摘The aim of this study was to improve EFL learners' English listening and speaking skills at a State University in Turkey, School of Foreign Languages, Department of Basic English B1 and BI+ groups through task-based activities. The participants were 56 in total, studying in the academic year of 2014-2015 Spring Fall. The instruments used for collecting data were 16 lesson plans and the speaking and listening quiz results as post-tests. The data were statistically analyzed by mean, max, and min values of the scores. Teaching process and the lesson plans were recorded by researcher then presented in essay form. After the implementation and the post-tests, the participants' opinions about the task were collected as an interview. The results of the study showed that B1 groups did not get significant results from listening test and get nearly significant scores from speaking test while the listening and speaking results of BI+ groups through task-based learning after the implementations were highly significant, which shows that their participation in the task-based activities in the classroom reflected the results positively. Also the students' opinions about task-based learning and teaching activities were respectively positive. As a result, it can be said that task-based activities play a significant role in improving listening and speaking skills in EFL settings.
文摘There have been great improvements in English teaching in China since the adoption of the New National English Curriculum, however, there are still some problems in western Sichuan province in China. Silent class is found through the author's observation of some English lessons in some senior schools. This paper analyzes the situation of classroom interaction in English teaching in southwestern China and explores the reasons of silent class based on the analysis of the statistics drawn from questionnaires. The reasons are illustrated from three perspectives: teacher-centered class, exercises-based teaching, and learners' instrument learning motivation. The author suggests some proposals to solve the problems, such as changes of teachers' roles, creation of stress-free learning environment, and use of task-based teaching, which aims to make teachers consider using interactive language teaching to cultivate learners' whole abilities and to improve the efficiency of teaching and learning.
文摘Since 1958 the United States Watson research center designed the world' s first computer teaching system, the history of computer technology in education has lasted for over 40 years, with the beginning of digitized audio and global network as a symbol of the information age, the rapid development of multimedia network technology' s application crosses various fields, like other areas, foreign language teaching also benefit. January 2004, Department of Higher Education issued a "College English Curriculum Requirements" (Trial), which clearly states: "It should make full use of opportunities of multimedia, network technology development which is brought about by the introduction of new teaching model to improve the original teachers' single classroom teaching mode. The new model should be based on modern information technology support, especially network technology, the English teaching towards individualized learning, independent of time and place restrictions learning, active learning direction. "